初中英语讲义(教案)：-初二英语--时态讲解--一般过去时.pdf

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1、一般过去时语法专项一般过去时语法专项一、一、1 1专题讲解专题讲解1 1、定义：、定义：一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用；也可表示过去习惯性或经常性的动作和行为。2 2、时间状语：、时间状语：yesterday,the day before yesterday,yesterday morning,just now,a momentago,two days ago,last night/year/week,before 11:00,in the past，at that time 等3 3、使用情况：、使用情况：1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。

2、I got up at 7:00 yesterday.我昨天 7 点起床。(2)表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。He always went to work by bus last year.去年他总是乘公交车去上班。4.4.一般现在时的结构及句型变化一般现在时的结构及句型变化结构：一般现在时的结构主要有三种形式：结构：一般现在时的结构主要有三种形式：1)1)、结构一谓语动词为、结构一谓语动词为 bebe 动词时动词时肯定句：主语+be(was，were)+其它.注：注：am,iswas,arewere否认句：主语+be+not+其它.一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它?e.g.I was late

3、yesterday.e.g.They were in Bei jing last year.I was not late yesterday.They werent in Bei jing last year.Were you late yesterday？Were they in Bei jing last year？Yes,I was.Yes,they were.No,I wasnt.No,they werentam 和 is 在一般过去时中变为 was。was not=wasntare 在一般过去时中变为 were。were not=werent(2(2、结构二谓语动词为情态动词时、结构

4、二谓语动词为情态动词时(注意：情态动词 can,may,have to 等等。肯定句：主语+情态动词过去式+动词原形+其它.否认句：主语+情态动词过去式+not+动词原形+其它.一般疑问句：情态动词过去式+主语+动词原形+其它?E.g.The old man could swim 30 years ago.The old man couldnt swim 30 years ago.Could the old man swim 30 years ago?Yes,he could.No,he couldnt.常用情态动词过去式如下：常用情态动词过去式如下：cancould能，会maymight可以

5、have tohad to不得不shallshould将要用于第一人称单数willwould将要用于所有人称(3)(3)、结构三谓语动词为实义动词时、结构三谓语动词为实义动词时肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其它.否认句：主语+didn t+动词原形+其它.一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其它？E.g.Li Ming studied English this morning.E.g.We often played tennis in the past.Li Ming didnt study English this morning.We didnt often play tennis in th

6、e past.Did Li Ming study English this morning？Did you often play tennis in the past?Yes,he did.Yes,we did.No,he didnt.No,we didnt.注：注：1.谓语动词为实义动词时，变否认句和一般疑问句一律找助动词 did 来帮助过去时不分人称和单复数，都是加 did 或 did not2.前面出现了助动词，后面的动词一律用原形。3.变一般疑问句时，一问一答的关系当中，第一人称和第二人称要相互交换。5.5.一般过去时的特殊疑问句：一般过去时的特殊疑问句：结构：特殊疑问词结构：特殊疑问

7、词+一般疑问句？一般疑问句？特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它？特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+其它？E.g.Where were you last night？What did Jim do yesterday?Where did you walk to yesterday？1 1、动词过去式的规那么变化、动词过去式的规那么变化How did you find the job?6 6、动词的过去式、动词的过去式(1)(1)、一般词尾加-edstay-stayedhelp-helpedask-askedlook-lookedwatch-watched(2(2、以 e 结尾的只加-dh

8、ope-hopedlove-loveddance-dancedlivelived3 3、末尾三个字母以“辅+元+辅结尾，且为重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-edStop-stoppedplan-planneddrop-droppedbeg-begged4)4)、“辅音字母+y尾，变 y 为 i,再加-edcarry-carriedstudy-studiedhurry-hurried2 2、动词过去式的不规那么变化、动词过去式的不规那么变化见书后表格7 7、口诀：、口诀：动词一般过去时，表示过去发生事；be 用 was 或用 were,have,has 变 had；谓语动词过去式，过去时

9、间作标志；一般动词加-ed，假设是特殊得硬记。否认句很简单，主语之后 didnt 添；疑问句也不难，did 放在主语前；如果谓语之前有 did，谓语动词需复原；动词假设是 was,were,否认就把 not 添。2 2变式练习变式练习一、写出以下动词的过去式一、写出以下动词的过去式isam_ fly_ plant_ are _drink_play_go_make _does_ _dance_worry_ask _taste_eat_draw_put _throw_kick_ pass_ do _二、用二、用 bebe 动词的适当形式填空。动词的适当形式填空。1.I _ an English t

10、eacher now.2.She _ happy yesterday.3.They _ glad to see each other last month.4.Helen and Nancy _ good friends.5.The little dog _ two years old this year.6.Look,there _ lots of grapes here.7.There _ a sign on the chair on Monday.8.Today _ the second of June.Yesterday _ the first of June.It _ Childre

11、n s Day.All the students _ very excited.二、稳固练习二、稳固练习一、句型一、句型变换变换。1、There was a car in front of the house just now.否认句：_一般疑问句：_肯定答复：_否认答复：_2 They played football on the playground.否认句：_一般疑问句：_肯定答复：_否认答复：_二二、用所、用所给动词给动词的适的适当当形式形式填填空。空。1.I _(watch)a cartoon on Saturday.2.Her father _(read)a newspaper l

12、ast night.3.We _ to the zoo yesterday,Tom _ to the park.(go)4._ you _(visit)your relatives last Spring Festival?5._ he _(fly)a kite on Sunday?Yes,he _.6.Gao Shan _(pull)up carrots last National Day holiday.7.I _(sweep)the floor yesterday,but my mother _.8.What _ she _(find)in the garden last morning

13、?She _(find)a beautiful butterfly.9.It _(be)Bens birthday last Friday10.We all _(have)a good time last night.三、拓展训练拓展训练一、句型转换。一、句型转换。1、Lucy did her homework at home.改否认句Lucy _ _ her homework at home.2、He found some meat in the fridge冰箱.变一般疑问句)_ he _ _ meat in the fridge?3、She stayed there for a week

14、.对划线局部提问_ _ _ she _ there?4、There was some orange in the cup.变一般疑问句)_ there _ orange in the cup?二、单项选择：二、单项选择：1My fatherill yesterdayAisntBarentCwasntDwerent2your parents at home last weekAIsBWasCAreDWere3The twinsin Dalian last year Theyhere nowAare;wereBwere;areCwas;areDwere;was4your father at wor

15、k the dayyesterday(前天AWas;beforeBIs;beforeCwas;areDwere;was5Who was on duty last FridayAI amBI wasCYes,I wasDNo,I wasnt三三、用所、用所给动词给动词的适的适当当形式形式填填空。空。1.Dont _ the house.Mum _ it yesterday.(clean)2.What _ you _ just now?I _ some housework.(do)3.They _(make)a kite a week ago.4.I want to _ apples.But my

16、 dad _ all of them last month.(pick)5._ he _ the flowers this morning?Yes,he _.(water)6.She _(be)a pretty girl.Look,she _(do)Chinese dances.7.The students often _(draw)some pictures in the art room.家庭作业家庭作业一、写出以下动词的第三人称单数形式、过去式形式一、写出以下动词的第三人称单数形式、过去式形式go _enjoy _buy _eat _get _walk _take _dance _wri

17、te _run _swim _find _begin _eat _play _study _二、用所给词的适当形式填空。、用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Tom and Mary _(come)to China last month.2.Mike _(not go)to bed until 12 oclock last night.So he _(get)up late.3.Mary _(read)English yesterday morning.4.Tom _(begin)to learn Chinese last year.5.My mother _(not do)housework yesterday.6.There _ a telephone call for you just now.(be)7.-When _ you _(come)to china?-Last year.8._(be)it cold in your city yesterday?9.How many people _(be)there in your class last term?10.There _(be)a football match on TV yesterday evening,but I _(have)no timeto watch it.