中考英语语法专项复习-非谓语动词专讲专练.docx

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1、中考英语语法专项复习-非谓语动词专讲专练非谓语动词在句中不能作谓语。非谓语动词是中考考点之一，主要考查动词不定式和动词-ing形式。例1.It is not uncommon for there_problems of communication between the old and the young.A. Being B. would be C. be D.to be翻译：老年人和年轻人普遍存在沟通上的问题。 问：为什么It is not uncommon for there to be 要用to be呢？答：这个问题很简单，it is not uncommon 来源于it is adj

2、 that 主语从句。主语从句的化简很简单，比如：It is important that we study English.可以改为 ItisimportantforustostudyEnglish.本题的It is not uncommon that there are problems.可以按照同样的思路推导。It is not uncommon 去掉连接词, It is not uncommon there are,这里的there类似前面的形式上的句子主语, 直接照抄就是It is not uncommon there, 然后把are变成非谓语动词, 就是It is not unco

3、mmon there to be 啦！例2._ no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his room.A. There was B. Since C. Being D. There being 翻译：由于没有必要恐慌，这个老人回到了他的卧室。问：此处为什么要用there being呢？答：问题很简单，逗号处没有连接词，说明前面的成分不是句子，而是句子弱化的状语，还原后，原来的句子是 there was no cause for alarm, 前后两个句子的主语不一致，所以保留前句主语，把谓语部分变成非谓语，there was 之间无被动内涵

4、，所以最后简化为there being就可以了！例3.All you do now is _ your homework.A. Complete B. completingC. having completed D. to have completed 翻译：你现在要做的就是完成作业。 问：为什么不填completing呢，我们不是有My job is teaching English.这样的表达吗？答：两者形式相同，但是内在含义不同，teaching English这里指的教英语这个职业，此处的是现在要做的事情，是马上立刻要做的事情，表示一个动作，可以用to complete, 也可以使用原

5、型类似于祈使句的表达而已！动词不定式考点一：作宾语。1. 后跟动词不定式(短语)作宾语的动词(短语)有agree, afford, ask, choose, decide, expect, fail, fear, help, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prefer, prepare, promise, refuse, want, wish, try ones best等。2. “疑问词+动词不定式”在句中可以作宾语。【考例链接】单项选择1. Please stay with me this weekend.Im sorry, but my father

6、 and I planned _ Beijing a long time ago.( )A. visit B. visitingC. to visit D. visited 2. In his e-mail, David promised _ his daughter during her stay in Japan.( )A. visiting B. visitC. visited D. to visit 考点二：动词不定式的否定结构由not+动词不定式构成。考点三：作宾语补足语。1.一些动词后常跟动词不定式(短语)作宾语补足语，这类动词有allow, advise, ask, call,

7、encourage, expect, force, get, help, invite, need, order, remind, teach, tell, train, want, warn等。2.使役动词(如make, let, have等)及感官动词(如see, feel, hear, watch, notice等)后跟动词不定式(短语)作宾语补足语时须省略to，但在变为被动语态时要加上to。注意：make sb. done表示“使某人被”。have sth. done表示“让 / 叫 / 使 / 请别人做某事”。【考例链接】单项选择1. The teachers often tell

8、us _ in the river. Its dangerous.( )A. not swim B. dont swimC. not swimming D. not to swim 2. Miss Chen, my dear English teacher, often encourages me _ the challenges in my study.( )A. faceB. faces C. facing D. to face 3. Kids like reading stories which can make them _.( )A. laugh B. to laugh C. lau

9、ghing 4. Mr. Wang, please speak loudly in the hall to make yourself _ while _ are there.Fine, thanks for telling me about that.( )A. understood, othersB. understand, otherC. understand, othersD. understanding, other 考点四：作目的状语。动词不定式(短语)在句中可作状语，表示目的。【考例链接】单项选择1. What should I do, doctor?_ healthy, you

10、 should take more exercise.( )A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep2. The government is setting up nature parks _ protect pandas.A. to help B. helpC. helped D. helps3. He took off his expensive watch _ the fact that he was rich.( )A. to hide B. hid C. hide D. hidden4. Do you always get up so early?Yes, _ th

11、e first bus. My home is far away from school.( )A. catch B. to catch C. catching D. caught考点五：作主语。作主语的动词不定式(短语)如果很短，通常位于句首；如果较长，常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语动词不定式(短语)放在后面，以避免头重脚轻。考点六：作定语。动词不定式(短语)作定语时，常放在所修饰词之后。考点七：在某些固定词组或句型中用不带to的动词不定式(短语)。如：had better do, used to do, be supposed to do, would rather do than d

12、o, Why not do .?, prefer to do rather than do等。【考例链接】单项选择1. My uncle is against wasting anything.No wonder he would rather _ the old bike than _ a new one.( )A. repair; to buy B. to repair; buy C. repair; buy2. What a heavy rain!So it is. I prefer _ rather than _ on such a rainy day.( )A. to go out,

13、 staying at home B. staying at home, go outC. going out, stay at home D. to stay at home, go out 3. Time is limited! Youd better _ your time any more.( )A. not to waste B. waste C. not waste4. In my opinion, animals shouldnt be kept for fun.I think so. Forests are the best places for animals _.( )A.

14、live B. living C. to live D. to live in5. Is it necessary _ us _ some photos before saving the old man?Yes, it is. We can protect ourselves if we do so.( )A. of; taking B. for; taking C. of; to take D. for; to take 动词-ing形式考点一：作宾语。在初中阶段我们需要掌握的后面跟动词-ing形式作宾语的单词或短语有：* avoid, consider, dislike, enjoy,

15、finish, imagine, keep, mind, practice, stop, suggest (建议) 等。* be busy, be / get used to, be worth, cant help, end up, feel like, give up, how / what about, keep on, look forward to, pay attention to, be halfway to, put off, prefer . to ., be afraid of, be good at, be interested in, have fun (in), ha

16、ve difficulty (in), have a good time (in), spend time (in), thanks for, think about等。考点二：作宾语补足语。见下面“动词不定式和动词-ing形式易混点考点二”。考点三：作主语、定语、表语。【考例链接】单项选择1. I like the TV programThe Readerbest. I think we should spend as much time as we can _ in our spare time.( )A. read B. to read C. reading D. reads2. The

17、se foreigners are practicing _ Chinese.( )A. to speak B. speaking C. speak D. speaks 3. Hong Kong Disneyland is well worth _.( )A. to visit B. visited C. visit D. visiting 4. Do you have any plans for the holiday?Yes, Im planning to travel to Jiuzhaigou. Im looking forward to _ the colourful lakes a

18、nd amazing waterfalls.( )A. see B. seeing C. sees D. saw5. Look! There is a man _ Taiji near the river.Wow! Its my teacher, Mr. Wu.( )A. perform B. performs C. performing D. performed 动词不定式&动词-ing形式易混点考点一：两种形式都可作宾语。有些动词后作宾语的动词不定式(短语)或动词-ing 形式的含义无差异，如like, love, prefer, hate, begin, start, continue,

19、 cant stand等。有些动词后作宾语的两种形式含义有所不同，如：regret to do sth. 遗憾要做某事regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事forget / remember to do sth. 忘记 / 记得要做某事forget / remember doing sth. 忘记 / 记得做过某事try to do sth. 设法做某事try doing sth. 尝试做某事need to do sth. 需要做某事need doing 需要被做mean to do sth.打算去做某事mean doing sth. 意味着做某事考点二：两种形式都可作宾语补足语。感

20、官动词(如see, watch, notice, feel, hear等) 后既可跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，表示动作的全过程；也可跟动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行。【考例链接】单项选择1. Daniel, do you know that bees never get lost?Yes. Bees always remember _ the same way as they went.( )A. come back B. came backC. coming back D. to come back 2. I saw her _ flowers in the gard

21、en when I passed by.A. to water B. water C. watering D. watered综合训练. 单项选择1. My father _ to his workplace by bus, but now he _ there by bike.Really? You have an environmentally-friendly father.( )A. used to go, is used to goB. used to going, is used to goC. is used to go, is used to goingD. used to g

22、o, is used to going 2. Come and see! The baby is crying.Please do something to make him _.( )A. stop crying B. stop to cryC. crying D. cry3. We are supposed _ some housework with our parents when we have free time.( )A.to shareB. sharing C. shared D. share4. He ran as fast as he could _ the bus but

23、he failed.( )A. catch B. to catch C. caught. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空1. To keep healthy, we should pay attention to _ (wear) masks and washing hands.2. We must be careful to avoid _(make) mistakes in the exam.3. When he heard the good news, he couldnt help _(jump).4. Its popular _(hire) a boat and row on the

24、 Xuanwu Lake.5. Do you mind me _(open) the window? 6. I dont think seeing is _(believe). 按要求完成下列各题1. The teachers are still talking about where they will hold the concert. (改为简单句)The teachers are still talking about _ _ hold the concert.2. 对我们来说多使用公筷很有必要。(use) (完成句子)Its very necessary _ public chopsticks more. 参考答案：非谓语动词专讲专练动词不定式考点一：12 CD考点二、考点三：14 DDAA考点四：14 CAAB考点五、考点六、考点七：15 CDCDD动词-ing形式考点一、考点二、考点三：15 CBDBC动词不定式&动词-ing形式易混点12 DC综合训练. 14 DAAB. 1. wearing 2. making 3. jumping 4. to hire5. opening 6. believing. 1. where to 2. for us to use学科网（北京）股份有限公司