高中英语短语分类识记系列：与“日常生活”有关讲义.doc

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1、与“日常生活”有关earn a living 谋生关键词earn v.获得、赚得/living n.生活He earns a living by writing columns for a local newspaper.他靠替当地报社写专栏为生。常见用语make a living谋生I work in the caf to make a living, so I get to pay my rent.我在咖啡馆里工作，所以有办法付房租。live on 靠生活关键词live v.生活The couple leads a simple life in the mountains,living o

2、n a small pension.那对夫妇在山里过着简朴的生活，靠微薄的养老金过活。常见用语 live and learn 学到东西I didnt know bears could swim. I lived and learned.我不知道熊会游泳，我学到了一课。bring home the bacon赚钱养家关键词bring v.带来/bacon n.咸猪肉、培根He quit his job after their first baby was born. Since then his wife is the one who brings home the bacon.自从他们第一个小

3、孩出世后，他便辞去工作。自此，便由他妻子赚钱养家。The famous novelist brings home the bacon with the royalties of his books.这位知名的小说家靠版税养家。provide for 供养关键词provide v.提供/for prep.给、对He works so hard because he has to provide for his whole family.他工作如此努力，因为他要养活全家。常见用语supply for 把供给Due to the delay of the factory,Im afraid we a

4、re not able to supply the leather for you on time.由于工厂交货的延迟，我恐怕没办法准时提供皮革给你。earn ones salt 自食其力关键词earn v.获得、赚得/salt n.盐巴The girls had to earn their salt after their parents death.双亲亡故后，女孩们只能自食其力了。The young baker left home and earned his own salt in Paris.这位年轻的烘焙师离开家乡，在巴黎自食其力。“步调超快。”Hes living a New Y

5、ork minute.A: Bryan is living a New York minute.B: Yes. People who work for him seldom have time to take a rest for the whole day.A：布莱恩是一个步调快的人。B:是啊，他的员工们一整天内很少有休息的时间。New York minute 用来比喻时间短，这源自于纽约人的生活节奏。纽约快节奏的生活方式，使得那里的一分钟看起来要比别的地方快，进而让西方人认为，纽约人一分钟能做的事情，其他地方的人需要几分钟才能做完，因此特指“非常短的时间”。on a shoestring困

6、苦地(度日)关键词 shoestring n.鞋带、小额资本I have been living on a shoestring ever since I moved out of my parents house.自从搬离我父母的家之后，我过着困苦的生活。The travel guide teaches you how to travel around the world on a shoestring.这本旅游指南教你如何用最少的钱环游世界。live hand to mouth 生活仅能糊口关键词 live v.生活/hand n.手/mouth n.口、嘴巴You will never

7、want to live hand to mouth like I did.你绝不会想要我曾经历过的仅能糊口的生活。The miners life isnt easy since he lives hand to mouth.这位矿工的人生并不顺遂，因为他生活仅能糊口。in rags衣衫褴褛关键词rag n.碎片、破布I dont give any money to the people in rags now.我不会把钱给衣衫褴褛的人了。常见用语without a rag 身无分文The girl was without a rag a month after she left home.女

8、孩离家一个月后，身无分文。worn out at the elbow 衣衫褴褛关键词out ad.显出、去掉/elbow n.肘My father always wears that worn out at the elbow sweater.我父亲总是穿那件破旧的毛衣。常见用语elbow grease 吃力的工作We prefer male workers for this position because the job requires elbow grease.我们偏好男性工人来应征此职位，因为它是个吃力的工作。facilitate sth 给予方便关键词facilitate v.使方

9、便This change will facilitate our work.这个改变将使我们的工作更便利。常见用语with facility 容易、流利The new process makes everything work with facility.这样的新流程，让事情运作得更顺畅。be convenient for 便于关键词convenient a.方便的、便利的Will it be convenient for you if I come over for a visit Saturday?我这周六去看你们，方便吗？常见用语 make it convenient to do 使之方

10、便去做The new design of the store makes it more convenient for people to shop.店面的新设计，让人们买东西更方便了。settle down 定居、定下来关键词settle v.专心、定下来He settled down as a teacher with his girlfriend.他当了老师，和女友定了下来。I hear him settle down in the city he loves.我听说他在他喜欢的城市定了下来。establish oneself in定居于于、在 关键词 establish v.建立、安置

11、/in prep.He established himself in his favorite city.他定居于他最喜欢的城市。常见用语establish sb as 任命某人担任、指派The principal established me as the chief librarian.校长要我担任图书馆馆长。reside at 居住于关键词 reside v.居住How can I get in touch with the guest residing at the Royal Hotel?我如何才能联系上住在皇家酒店的客人？常见用语live in 住在The city I live

12、in now has a beautiful coastline.我现在住的城市有美丽的海岸线。immigrate to 移入关键词immigrate v.迁移、迁入When did you immigrate to Canada?你是什么时候移居到加拿大的？Due to climate change, Samoa people have started immigrating to Australia since late 90s.由于气候变迁，萨摩亚人自九十年代后期，就开始移民到澳洲。emigrants from 来自的移民关键词emigrants pl.n.移民、移出者These peo

13、ple are emigrants from Iceland.这是来自冰岛的移民。The emigrants from Japan said that they had a hard time adjusting themselves to the weather here.来自日本的移民说，他们花很多心力才适应这里的天气。emigrate from A to B 从A移民到B关键词emigrate v.使移居、移居外国When will your family emigrate from England to Canada?你们家打算什么时候从英国移民到加拿大来？常见用语immigrate

14、to 从外国移来We are planning to immigrate to Mexico for the milder weather.我们计划要移民到墨西哥，因为那里的气候比较暖和。cast away 浪费；丢掉关键词cast v.丢、抛出/away ad.离开、走开I dont know how to cast away all my worries.我不知道该如何抛掉烦恼。常见用语cast aside 抛弃The girl cast aside all the Barbie dolls she used to love.女孩把她以前喜欢的芭比娃娃都丢弃了。.play away浪费、玩

15、掉关键词play v.玩乐/away ad.(用)完The man played away his youth and is gambling his life away now.这个男子虚度了青春，现在又赌博浪费了生命。常见用语in full play 正起劲You cant leave now. The party is in full play.你现在不能走，派对正起劲呢。idle away 虚度(光阴)关键词idle v.无所事事、闲混Youll regret idling away your youth.你会因虚度青春岁月而懊悔。常见用语 spend time in vain虚度Yo

16、u wont spend your time in vain on traveling.旅行不会让你虚度时间的。save ones pocket money节省关键词 save v.保住、节省/pocket n.口袋、财力I began to save all my pocket money since I was ten.我从十岁起开始存零用钱。常见用语pick a pocket 扒窃The kid has picked a pocket in the market since he was four.这小孩从四岁开始就在市场里当扒手。be economical of节省关键词economi

17、cal a.节省的、节约的We should have been more economical of our money and time.我们本该更加节省金钱和时间。常见用语economically challenged 贫穷的、经济拮据的Although economically challenged, they live a happy life.他们虽然经济拮据，但是很快乐。as round as an orange 极圆的关键词round a.圆的/orange n.橘子The circle you drew on the paper is as round as an orang

18、e!你在纸上画的那个圈好圆！This rock is as round as an orange.这颗石头好圆。to be precise 准确地讲关键词 precise a.准确的There were fifty-five people who came to the wedding,to be precise.准确地讲，有五十五个人来参加婚礼。常见用语at that precise moment恰好在那时刻A successful businessman will sell at the precise moment when the market is high.东西，个成为的南人会在市

19、场人气正高的时候美with accuracy 精确地、准确地关键词accuracy n.准确、正确It is said that he can predict anything with great accuracy.据说他可以极准确地预言任何事情。常见用语firing accuracy 命中率With its high firing accuracy, this new type of gun can reduce the unnecessary death in wars.这只枪的命中率很高，可以降低战争中不必要的死伤。bid up抬高标价关键词bid v.吩咐、喊价/up ad.更高、提

20、升Mr. Wilson kicked the bid up another five hundred dollars.威尔森先生把出价又抬高了五百美元。常见用语bid fair 有的可能、有的希望It bids pretty fair that John may get promoted this year.今年，约翰很可能升职。make buckle and tongue meet 收支平衡关键词 buckle n.扣子/tongue n.舌、语言/meet v.相遇How can you make buckle and tongue meet without a grant?没有补助金，你

21、是如何做到收支平衡的呢？常见用语make ends meet 收支平衡The girl had trouble making ends meet, but she bought an iPhone anyway.那个女孩无法达到收支平衡，但她还是买了个苹果手机。balance ones budget 平衡预算关键词 balance v.平衡/budget n.预算The company went broke for failing to balance its budget.该公司因为无法平衡预算，破产了。常见用语 keep ones balance 保持平衡Its important to

22、keep your balance when you are holding dishes.拿着盘子时，保持平衡很重要。sbs bread and butter工作收入关键词bread n.面包/butter n.奶油Lady Gagas crazy performances are her bread and butter.女神嘎嘎以她夸张的表演，赚取她的工作收入。The unemployment benefits support Teds bread and butter.失业补助金维持着泰德的基本收入。fast buck 不义之财、爆发财关键词fast a.快速的/buck n.(钱)元

23、I heard that his money is from a fast buck.我听说他的收入来源并不道德。He made a fast buck by gambling.他靠赌博赚大钱。filthy rich 不义之财关键词filthy a.肮脏的、不洁的/rich a.有钱的He lives in an actual mansion! I wonder how he got so filthy rich.他住在真正的豪宅里！他这么多钱是从哪儿来啊？She got filthy rich after she hit the jackpots.她中乐透后，变得很有钱。strike it

24、rich一夜暴富关键词strike v.到达、来到He is fooling around all day long and expecting to strike it rich.他整天游手好闲，还想着要一夜暴富。The man struck it rich by selling his mothers house in the city center.那男子因为卖了他妈妈在市中心的房子而一夜暴富。rolling in money 超有钱关键词 rolling Ving.滚动、打滚She won the lottery and is now literally rolling in mone

25、y.她中了乐透，所以现在真的在钱堆里打滚。Hes rolling in money because of the family business.他因为家族企业而非常有钱。fat cats 富贵人家关键词 fat a.肥胖的/cat n.猫I own a high-end store that makes money of fat cats from suburbia.我拥有一家专从住郊区的有钱人身上赚钱的精品店。Its easy to get tips from those fat cats.从富贵人家身上拿到小费很简单。“她大捞一笔。”She makes a killing.A : Its

26、 weird to see the way Jane is smiling at everybody.B: She just made a killing with her stock market investments.A：看珍妮那样对大家微笑很奇怪。B：她刚在股市大捞一笔。killing直译指大屠杀，不过这里应该翻译成在某件事情上取得巨大成功，如同将敌军杀个片甲不留般的胜利。make a killing就是达到了这般成就的意思。license to print money 摇钱树关键词license n.证书/ print v.列印、印刷/money n.钱Their patent is

27、 now literally a license to print money.现在，他们的专利简直变成摇钱树了。After a few surgeries,the young singer now is a license to print money.整过几次形之后，这年轻的歌手成了摇钱树。in queer street 大量欠债、处境难过关键词queer a.奇怪的/street n.街道We havent heard any news about Louis for a long time but I know he was in queer street before he disa

28、ppeared.我们已经很久没有路易斯的消息了，但我知道他消失之前欠了很多钱。The layoff put us in queer street.裁员让我们的处境很难过。go bankrupt 破产关键词go v.变成、走/bankrupt a.破产的Rumor has it that his company went bankrupt.谣传他的公司破产了。His trust went bankrupt for not paying the credit card bill for several times.他好几次不付信用卡账单，导致信用破产。foster ones interest in

29、 培养某方面的兴趣关键词 foster v.培养、促成/ interest n.兴趣I am trying to foster my interest in arts.我正在努力培养自己在艺术方面的兴趣。常见用语foster a hope 抱着一个希望Its never bad to foster a hope, isnt it?抱有希望永远不是件坏事，对吧？get a kick out of 从某事当中得到乐趣关键词 get v.得到/kick n.一击The young man gets a kick out of per-suing knowledge.这位年轻人在追寻知识中得到乐趣。I

30、 hope you have gotten a kick out of cooking.希望你从烹饪中得到乐趣。awake sbs interest 激起某人的兴趣关键词 awake v.使苏醒、激发/interest n.兴趣The lecture awoke his interest in learning French.这个演讲激起了他学习法语的兴趣。These photos awake his interest in diving.这些照片激起了他潜水方面的兴趣。hook on to 钩住关键词hook v.勾住、搭上Can you help me hook the caravan o

31、n to the car?你能帮我把这辆有篷的拖车挂在汽车上吗？I hooked the trailer on to my RV.我把拖车钩上我的房车。whirl around 旋转关键词whirl v.旋转It will make me dizzy if you let me whirl around on the stage.如果你让我在舞台上转，我会感到头晕。the social whirl 一连串的社交活The social whirl these days really got me exhausted.近日来一连串的社交活动让我筋疲力竭。gaze at盯住关键词gaze v.凝视、

32、盯着I cant help gazing at this beautiful lake.我忍不住盯着这个美丽的湖看。常见用语attract the gaze of people引人注The mini skirt of the girl attracts the gaze of people.那女孩的迷你裙很引人注目。stare at盯着看关键词stare v.盯着The little girl woke up and stared at me in surprise.这个小女孩醒了，惊奇地睁大眼睛看着我。常见用语make sb stare 使某人惊愕The aggressive words o

33、f the decent man made us stare and wonder.那位正直的男子发表的激进言论让我们既惊讶又纳闷。keep an eye on sb 照看、留意关键词 keep v.持续、保持/eye n.眼睛Please keep an eye on that guy who looks so suspicious.那个家伙行迹可疑，请密切关注他。常见用语cast an eye on 粗略地看一下I didnt have much time this morning, so I just cast an eye on the newspaper.我今天早上没太多时间，所以我

34、粗略地看了一下报纸。keep an eye on 留心看关键词keep v.持续、保持Please help me keep an eye on my kids when I go on a business trip.请在我出差时，帮我看着孩子。常见用语watch out for 密切注意Watch out for the muddy road out there.注意外面的泥巴路。utter a word 开口说话关键词utter v.打开、说/word n.字、词He couldnt utter a word when he heard such great news.当他听到这个好消息

35、的时候，连话也说不出来了。常见用语an utter refusal 断然拒绝The company replied an utter refusal.那家公司在回复中断然拒绝。groan out 用低沉的声音说出关键词groan v.呻吟/out prep.从而He groaned out some unrecognizable words while he was asleep.他在睡梦中低吟了几句无法辨识的话。常见用语groan inwardly 内心痛苦He has no one to talk to, so he can only groan inwardly about it.他没有

36、人可以诉说，只能在心里叹息。wag ones tongue 喋喋不休关键词wag v.摇动、摆动/tongue n.舌The salesperson wagged his tongue in the meeting, completely missing the point.那位业务人员在会议上喋喋不休，完全失去重点。常见用语chatter away 说个不停I cant focus if you chatter away like that.你那样喋喋不休，我没办法专心。slap sb in the face 打耳光关键词slap v.拍打、打/face n.脸部Slapping your

37、kids in the face is considered domestic violence.打孩子耳光也算家庭暴力。常见用语slap sb on the shoulder 拍某人肩I hate people slap me on the shoulder when they call me.我讨厌别人在叫我的时候还拍我肩膀。knock on 敲关键词knock v.敲、敲击Who is knocking on my door at midnight?谁在半夜敲我的门？常见用语get the knock 喝醉Im planning to get the knock on Friday ni

38、ght.我计划在星期五晚上喝醉。hammer at 敲打关键词hammer v.敲打、打击He was so angry that he hammered at the keys of the piano and eventually broke them.他很生气，所以一个劲地敲打钢琴键，最后弄坏了那些琴键。常见用语 put the hammer down 踩油门、加速Her car is so small that it wouldnt go faster even though she has put the hammer down.她的车很小，所以就算踩油门也不会跑得更快。bang a

39、t the door 猛敲门关键词bang v.猛撞、砰砰作响/door n.Molly was so afraid when she heard someone banging at the door at midnight.莫莉半夜听见有人猛敲门时，感到很害怕。常见用语bang the door shut 用力地关上门Jamie banged the door shut after the fight.杰米在我们吵架后，用力把门关上。squat down 蹲下关键词squat v.蹲下、蹲伏You can squat down by the fire if you are cold.如果你

40、冷的话，就蹲在炉火旁吧！I squatted down to sweep under the couch.我蹲下来扫沙发底下。crouch down 蹲下关键词crouch v.蹲伏、弯腰Would you crouch down a bit to make me look taller?你能不能蹲下一点让我看起来高一些？Lisa crouched down when she saw the beagle sleeping.丽莎蹲下来，看那只比格犬睡觉。knit ones brows 皱眉头关键词 knit v.使结合、皱（眉） /brown.眉毛、额头He stood in front of

41、 the window and knitted his brows for a long time.他皱着眉头站在窗子前面好一阵子。皱眉头常见用语bend ones browsIf you bend your brows too often,youll get wrinkles.如果你老是皱眉头，你会有皱纹的。crawl with 爬满关键词crawl v.爬行常见用语crawl into sbs favor 拍某人马屁You dont have to crawl into his favor.Hes not that kind of boss.你不必拍他马屁，他不是那种老板。creep al

42、ong 沿着爬行关键词creep v.爬行、匍匐前进/along prep.沿着I cant see clearly what is creeping along the coast.我看不清楚是什么东西在沿着岸边爬行。常见用语creep in 悄悄混进We pretended to be reporters and crept in the party.我们假装是记者，偷偷混进派对。make sb drowsy 使人昏昏欲睡关键词 make v.使/ drowsy a.昏昏欲睡的、困倦的The jazz music makes me drowsy.这爵士音乐使我昏昏欲睡。常见用语feel d

43、rowsy昏昏欲睡I feel drowsy after I took the pills.我吃了药之后觉得昏昏沉沉的。arouse sb from sleeping 把某人从梦中唤醒关键词arouse v.唤起、使醒来The music aroused me from sleeping.音乐声把我从睡梦中唤醒。常见用语wake up 唤醒I woke up at the middle of the night for a nightmare.我因为噩梦在半夜醒来。wake up 醒来、吵醒关键词wake v.醒来Be quiet; dont wake up the baby.安静点，别吵醒这

44、个婴儿。常见用语in the wake of 在后面All the appliances are broken in the wake of the flood.水灾过后，所有家电都坏了。be foul with 被弄脏关键词foul a.肮脏的、污浊的My jeans were foul with paint.我的牛仔裤被油漆弄脏了。The river water is foul with pollution.河水被污染弄脏了。in disorder 混乱、紊乱关键词disorder n.混乱When returning, his mother found the room in disor

45、der.回家后，他妈妈发现屋子里乱七八糟。常见用语 fall into disorder 陷入混乱The team fell into disorder without a head.这个队伍因为没有队长而陷入混乱。“时日不多。” Shes got one foot in the grave. A: Do you want to go hiking with us during the holiday?B: Id better not go. My grandma already has one foot in the grave.I need to spend some more time

46、with her.A：这个假日你要跟我们一起出门爬山吗？B：我还是不去了，我的祖母时日不多，我必须要争取多点时间陪陪她。foot是“一只脚”的意思，a rave是“坟墓”的意思，而“一只脚在坟墓里面”，就是“行将就木、快要过世”的意思。是比喻一个人的生命即将到尽头时的委婉说法。. put down 放下关键词put v.放置/down prep.从而Put down your weapons! You are surrounded!放下武器！你们被包围了！常见用语lay down 放下My father laid down the curtain and turned on the lamps.我爸爸拉上窗帘，打开台灯。let go of 松手、放开关键词let v.使、让/gov.离开、走Will the terrorists let go of the hostages this time?这次恐怖分子会释放人质吗？常见用语let in 让进入They wont let you in once they find ou