冠词的用法 讲义 高考英语语法复习.docx
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1、高考英语语法知识梳理-指示代词的用法冠词的位置 一、基本用法一、基本用法1.冠词总是用于名词之前He is a lawyer.他是一位律师。(辅音前用a)She got an A in biology。她生物得了A。(元音前用an)The factory is close to the school.这家工厂离这所学校很近。2.冠词的位置不同,意义不同He raises a black and a white cat.他养了一只黑猫和一只白猫。(两只猫)He raises a black and white cat.他养了一只花猫。(一只猫)The black and the white ca
2、ts are hers.这只黑猫和白猫都是她的。(两只猫)The black and white cat is hers.这只花猫是她的。(一只猫)冠词的位置 二、不定冠词的特殊位置二、不定冠词的特殊位置1.“as/so/too/how/however+adj.+a+单数名词”句式中Peter is as good a cook as Jim.彼得与吉姆是一样好的厨师。Jennifer is not so smart a girl as I thought.詹尼弗不像我认为的那么机灵。Mary is too young a girl to be left by herself at home.
3、玛丽太小不能把她单独留在家里。How good a book it is! 这是多好的一本书啊!2.位于such之后I have never seen such an animal.我从来没有看见过这样的动物。I know such a clever boy.我认识如此聪明的一个男孩。I know so clever a boy.3.“many a+单数名词”句式中Many a man is fit for the job.许多人能做这份工作。Many a student has made that mistake before.许多学生犯过那个错误。Many a boy enjoys swi
4、mming.许多男生喜欢游泳。a good/great many boys enjoy swimming.4.rather,quite 句式中He has a rather comfortable house.他有一幢相当舒适的房子。He has rather a comfortable house.He has rather comfortable a house.He is quite a skilled worker.他确实是个熟练的工人。He is a quite skilled worker.5.half句式中(1)表示“半个”half an inch=a half inch 半英寸
5、half an hour=a half hour 半小时half an apple=a half apple 半个苹果(2)表示“几个半”two and a half weeks=two weeks and a half 两周半two and a half hours=two hours and a half 两个半小时6.“what+a+adj.+n.” 感叹句中What a clever boy he is! 他是个多么聪明的男孩啊!What a splendid performance you gave us! 你的演出多么精彩!冠词的位置 三、定冠词的特殊位置三、定冠词的特殊位置1.置
6、于exactly,just,half,double,twice,all,both等词后All the information is true.所有的信息都是真的。Both the parents are interested in music.父母都对音乐感兴趣。No leaves are exactly the same in the world.世界上没有完全相同的树叶。I happened to be in just the right place.我碰巧正好在现场。What youve heard is only half the story.你听到的只是部分故事。We need do
7、uble the amount we have.我们需要比现有多一倍的量。2.用于by far比较句式中(1)比较级句式中Hes by far the cleverer boy of the two.两个男孩中他要聪明得多。(by far前置时要在the之前)Its quicker by far to go by train.乘火车要快得多。(后置)(2)最高级句式中He is by far the best teacher.他是最好的老师。(前置时要在the之前)He is the most diligent student by far in her class.他是她班上最勤奋的学生。(
8、后置)【高考演练】1.【江西】They chose Tom to be_captain of the team,because they knew he was_smart leader.A.a;the B.the;the C.the;a D.a;a【答案】C 考查冠词。句意:他们选择汤姆作为这个队的队长,因为他们知道他是一位聪明的领导。第一空特指“这个队的队长”,故用the;第二空泛指“一位聪明的领导”。故选C。2.【陕西】_ village where I was born has grown into_town.A.The;a B.A;the C.The;the D.A;a【答案】A 考
9、查冠词。第一空后名词village后有定语从句修饰,表特指,故用the修饰;第二空后名词town是可数名词单数,表泛指,故用a修饰。故选A。3.【天津】Life is like_ocean:only_strong-willed can reach the other shore.A.an;the B.the;a C.the;/ D./;a【答案】A 考查冠词。根据第二个空前的关键词only(只有),可知第二个空表示特指,需用定冠词the,因此选择A。第一个空用an表示泛指,可知生活就像一个海洋似的。句意:生活像一片海洋,只有那些意志坚强的人才能到达彼岸。故选A。4.【浙江】The paper
10、is due next month,and I am working seven days_week,often long into_night.A.a;the B.the;不填 C.a;a D.不填;the【答案】A 考查冠词。句意:下个月要交论文了,我现在一个星期七天,每天都要学习到深夜。第一空a week中的a表示“每个,每”,所以用不定冠词a,相当于per;而第二空into the night是固定用法,表示“入夜,深夜”,所以用定冠词the。故选A。5.【重庆】I cant tell you_way to the Wilsons because we dont have_Wilson
11、 here in the village.A.the;a B.a;/ C.a;the D.the;/【答案】A 考查冠词。way后有to the Wilsons这一后置定语修饰,表示特指,用定冠词。姓氏前用不定冠词,表示一个叫这个名字的人,是泛指,此处意为“村子里没有一个叫Wilson的人”。故选A。6.【重庆】Sam has been appointed_manager of the engineering department to take_place of George.A./;/ B.the;/ C.the;the D./;the【答案】D 考查冠词。句意:Sam代替了George,
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