高考英语语法讲义：倒装句考点汇总.docx

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1、高考英语语法讲义：倒装句考点汇总1. 当以there, here, out , in , up , down, away 等副词开头的句子，为了起到强调的作用，可构成倒装句，只把副词放在句首，主语和谓语位置调换，不加助动词。【名词倒装,代词不倒装】这种倒装要求：主语必须是名词。主语是人称代词时，主语和谓语语序不变。Here it is. / Away he went. /Look, there he comes. 看，他来了。/Down she went.她下来了。这类倒装句式一般只用一般现在时和一般过去时。Here comes the bus. Out rushed the boys.2.副

2、词now, then, thus引导的句子里，谓语是come, follow, begin, end, be等 Now comes your turn! 到你了。 Thus ended the meeting. 会议结束了。Then came the dog.Thencame8yearsoftheAntiJapaneseWar.3. 表地点状语的介词短语放在句首，要用倒装句式，以示强调。这种倒装句也是主谓直接调换位置，不加助动词did, does或do.Under a big tree , half asleep.A.didsatafatmanB.afatmansatC.didafatmans

3、atD.satafatman4. there放在句首时，要用倒装句式。在“there+ lives,stands,comes,lies,flows,enters,rises和appears等。Therecameshoutsforhelpfromtheriver.Thereliesalargewheatfieldinfrontofthehouse.5.so+动词+主语; neither/nor+动词+主语表示两人的同样一个情况时，只能表示一件事，即上、下句所使用的动词、时态要一致。否则要用soitiswithThefirstoneisntgood,neitheristhesecond.He ca

4、nt do it. Neither/nor can I.Hisuncleisaworkerandhasbeenworkinginthefactoryformorethantenyears.Soitiswithhisaunt.6. so+形容词/副词that 的结构状语从句可以用正常语序表示，也可以把so+形容词/副词放于句首构成倒装。句型如下：so +形容词/副词+be/助动词/情态动词that +从句。Light travels so fast that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.=Sofastdoeslighttraveltha

5、titisdifficultforustoimagineitsspeed.Soeasywastheworkthattheyfinisheditinafewdays.So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home.So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.他害怕得很，动也不敢动。So dark was the room that I could hardly see anything.屋子如此黑我什么也看不见。So careless did he drive that

6、 he almost killed himself.他开车如此粗心，差点把自己害死了。7such(在句子开头)that也有倒装用法Such a good boy is he that he is always ready to help=So good a boy is he that he is always ready to help8. 否定副词not , never, seldom, nowhere, little , rarely 放于句首时要用倒装句式。We seldom get up at four in the morning. = Seldom do we get up at

7、 four in the morning.Notasinglewordfromhimcouldtheenemydrag敌人从他的口中问不出一句话来.RarelyhaveIheardofsuchasillything.以前我很少听到这样的蠢事.Little does he care about what others think.他很少在意别人怎么想。Never （before） have Iseen such a good harvest.9.hardlywhen;scarcelywhen;nosoonerthan可以用正常语序had hardly done when did 或用倒装句式Ha

8、rdly had +主语+ done when did 句式。hardly所在的句子用过去完成时。原始句子为：The bell had hardly/scarcely rung when the class began.=The bell had no soonerrung thanthe class began.= Hardly had the bell rung when the class began.（使用倒装）No sooner had he arrived in Beijing than he began to work.=Scarcely had he arrived in Be

9、ijing when he began to work（使用倒装）10. not only but also 如连接两个成分时，不用倒装；连接句子时，前面的句子要用倒装。Notonlywaseverythingthathehadtakenawayfromhim,butalsohisGermancitizenship.Notonlyishebusy,butalsoIhavealotofworktodo.NotonlydoeshespeakEnglishverywell,butalsohespeaksFrenchwell.11. only 及所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时，要用： on

10、ly+状语+ be /助动词/情态动词+主语及其他OnlywhenhetoldmethenewsdidIknowwhathadhappened.OnlyinthiswaycanyoumakeprogressinyourEnglish.12.虚拟语气中的倒装句IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakethejob.=WereIyou,IwouldtakethejobWere it to rain(=If it were to rain), the crops would be saved.要是下雨了，庄稼就有救了。Had you come here(=If you had come here),

11、 you would have met the film star.你要是来了的话就能见到那位电影明星了。Were they here(=If they were here), they would help us.他们要是在这儿，他们会帮助我们的。13. Byno means（绝不）/At no time（绝不）,in no way（绝不）, under no circumstance（绝不）在开头, 引起倒装。By no means/At no time can you tell a lie. 你绝不能撒谎。14. 作表语的现在分词/过去分词/形容词+系动词+主语”形式的完全倒装Seate

12、dinthefrontweretheguests. Injured are those soldiers.GoneforeverarethedayswhentheChinesepeoplehadtouseforeignoil.15. 表示地点，时间，方向等的介词短语放在句首时例如：After the head walked a group of workers.In front of the house stopped a police car.一辆警车停在房子前面。Under the tree sat a boy.一个男孩坐在树下。In my heart was desire to live

13、 more dangerously.我的心渴望一种更加惊险的生活。16. Not until+ then/ 3 oclock /不倒装的句子+倒装句It was not until +不倒装的句子+that 不倒装的从句Not until then/ 3 oclock/Icame back did Irealize Iwas wrong.Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.母亲一直到孩子入睡后离开房间。It was not until thechild fell asleep that the mother

14、 left the room. 注意：如否定词不在句首不倒装。例如：The mother didnt leave the room until the child fell asleep17.以as引导的让步从句中的部分倒装Terrible as was the storm, we contrinuted our way.尽管暴风雪很大，但我们继续赶路。Child as he was, he was able to stand on his own feet.尽管它是孩子，他已经能够独立生活了。Young as he is, he knows a lot.虽然他年轻，却知道很多东西。Late as it was(=Though it was late), they refused to have a rest.Try as they may(=Though they may try), they wont succeed.18. may表示祝愿时用部分倒装。may表示祝愿时，需将may放在主语前。May you succeed! 祝你成功！May they live long. 祝他们长寿。May you have a nice/good trip! 祝你旅行愉快！学科网（北京）股份有限公司