高中英语俚语系列第十辑讲义.doc

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1、136 Pan out 结果是；取得成功She hopes that the future life her husband claimed will pan outbecomes better and better.她希望未来的生活正如她丈夫所宣称的那样越来越好。历史典故19世纪，詹姆斯马歇尔(James Marshan)在加州发现金子，于是那儿就成了人们的淘金圣地。淘金者用盘子舀起河床上的泥沙，细细晃动、在泥沙被水冲走后，如果盘子上留下灿灿的金子，那就发财了。这个俚语后来表示“结果是”，或者“成功”。对话Kevin:Kentucky Fried Chicken is such a succ

2、ess.肯德基办得真成功。Rose: Right. Harland David Sanders started this company from scratch.没错。哈兰德大卫桑德斯白手起家，创建了这家店。Kevin:So he never thought it would pan out like this?所以他从没想过会这么成功吗？Rose: Yeah. The taste and his marketing philosophy are doomed to be successful.对啊，但食物的口味和他的营销理念注定这家店会成功。137 Pandoras box 罪恶、麻烦的根

3、源Power can bring you satisfaction, but sometimes its a Pandoras box.权力能给你满足感，但有时也是罪恶之源。历史典故这个俚语出自希腊神话，相传普罗米修斯(Prometheus)为了造福人类，偷来火种。宙斯(Zeus)得知后暴怒，便决定惩罚他和人类。于是用泥土捏成一个名叫潘多拉(Pandora)的女人，让她集一切诱惑于一身来到人间。普罗米修斯的弟弟最后不堪诱惑，打开了潘多拉带来的盒子，于是灾难、欲望、贪婪都从盒子里跑了出来，唯独希望被关在里面。于是“潘多拉的盒子”从此就成为“罪恶根源”的代名词。对话Kevin: People al

4、ways chase after power and money but never get satisfied.人们一直在追求功利，却从不满足。Rose: Its not their fault. Its just human nature.这也不是他们的错，人性使然。Kevin: I know. But sometimes they get lost in the process and become unscrupulous.Money is also a Pandoras box if you get too obsessed.我知道，但有时候他们会迷失，变得不择手段。如果太过沉迷，金

5、钱还是罪恶之源。138 Par for the course 果不其然；意料中的事My son achieved the highest score for the past exam, which is par for the course as he studied really hard.我儿子在刚过去的考试中取得了最高分，这是意料中的事情，因为他读书真的很努力。历史典故“par”来自拉丁文，相当于英语的“equal”(平等)，“par for the course”这个俚语来源于高尔夫运动。在高尔夫球中，标准杆(par)是指选手在没有犯任何错误的情况下，打完每个洞所应有的杆数。其他用到

6、“par”的短语还有“above par”(水准之上)，“below par”(水准之下)。对话Kevin:Kodak has filed for bankruptcy protection.What a pity!柯达申请破产保护了。真可惜！Rose: But isnt that par for the course in the corporate world?And you know that nowadays few people would take pictures with film strip.这在世界的企业中不是家常便饭吗？你也知道现在很少有人再用胶卷拍照了。Kevin: K

7、odak has recorded so many historic moments in the history of the world. It is just like a film strip of the world.柯达记录了世界历史的那么多的历史性时刻。它就像一卷记录世界历史的胶卷。139 Pass the buck 推卸责任As a grown man, you have to go to work to support your family and have no excuse to pass the buck.作为成年人，你必须去工作来供养家人，并且没有理由推卸责任。历史

8、典故美国总统杜鲁门(Truman)曾经有一句名言：“the buck stops here”。意思是“他会为政府部门的行为承担最终的责任”。“buck”在这里的意思是“责任”。后来随着时间的推移，“pass the buck”就演变成“把责任推给另一个人”的意思了。对话Kevin: I have thought it over and over, and I finally made up my mind that I want to be self- employed.我经过反复考虑之后，最终还是决定要自主创业。Rose: Youd better collect enough informa

9、tion about it,because it is really hard. And once you start a business,theres nowhere to pass the buck.你最好收集足够的信息，因为创业真的很艰难。而且，一旦你开始创业后，就无法推卸责任。Kevin: I have done enough work to prepare for it.我已经做了足够的准备工作了。140 Pass with flying colors 高分过关I knew you would pass with flying colors. Congratulations!我就知

10、道你会高分过关。恭喜！历史典故在17世纪，有这样一个短语:“to come off with flying colors”，指那些得胜归来的战船，同时也说明胜利一方在实力上占有明显优势。于是，“flying colors”就有了“以明显优势取得胜利”的意思,“pass with flying colors”也就成了“大获全胜”。对话Kevin: I am fidgeting now.TOEFL is coming,but I dont think I have done enough preparation for it.我现在是坐立难安啊。托福考试就要到了，但我觉得我还没准备好。Rose:

11、So youll participate into TOEFL. I had passed it last month.你要参加托福考试啊。我上个月刚考过。Kevin: Oh,great! You can do me a favor.哦，太好了，你要帮我一把。Rose: I have a book for you. Use the book properly and youll pass TOEFL test with flying colors.我给你一本书吧，好好利用这本书会让你托福考试顺利过关！141 Pay through the nose 付出大笔钱Dont pay through

12、the nose when you buy the furniture.不要花太多的钱买家具。历史典故“pay”就是付钱的意思。按字面上来解释，“pay through the nose”就是通过鼻子来付钱，这听起来似乎很痛苦。而确切意思是付出比真正的价值高很多的钱。在9世纪时，爱尔兰被丹麦征服、当地的爱尔兰人被迫缴纳很重的特别税，凡是逃税而被逮住的人，鼻子就会被割掉。对话Kevin: Tomorrow is Valentines Day. I will send twelve roses to my girlfriend.明天是情人节，我要送给我女朋友12朵玫瑰。Rose: I dont t

13、hink it is a good idea.我觉得这不是个好主意。Kevin：Why?为什么？Rose: So if you want to give flowers, you can either get creative or pay through the nose.你要是想送花，要不就得有创意要不就得花很多钱。Kevin: Whats your idea?那你有什么主意？Rose: Honestly, I have no idea.老实说，我没有主意。142 Pipe dream 白日梦，空想Playing Super Mario on a Nintendo phone will r

14、emain a pipe dream.在任天堂手机上玩超级玛丽仍然是一场白日梦。历史典故该俚语指的是吸食鸦片者的吞云吐雾的状态。诗人柯勒律治(Samuel Tylor Coleridge)吸食鸦片，我们也很难判定他的超现实主义作品忽必烈汗和吸食鸦片无关。现在人们多用该俚语来表示“白日梦，空想”。对话Kevin: I just wonder why we should make up missed lessons in National Holidays.我就是不明白为什么国家法定假日还要补课。Rose:I think thats the decision made by the officer

15、s of our school.我觉得这是学校领导的决定。Kevin： What is our student union doing? Shouldnt they make suggestion to the management layer of our school?我们的学生会在干什么呢？他们不应该向学校管理层提意见吗？Rose: This is a pipe dream at best.这充其量就是一个白日梦。143 Play ball 合作If we want to get this deal, we need to play ball with them.如果我们想拿到这笔生意，

16、我们必须与他们合作。历史典故“play ball”从字面上解释是打球，在美语口语中的意思是“合作，互相帮忙”。美国人常说“You play ball with me and Ill play ball with you.”从字面上解释，这句话的意思是“你和我打球，我以后也会和你打球”。作为俚语这句话的意思就是“这次你跟我合作，下次我一定跟你合作”。对话Kevin:Whats your sales plan?你的销售计划是什么？Rose: Make some promotion in public,likesquare, park.在公共场合做促销，比如广场、公园。Kevin: Doing th

17、is may annoy people, and lastly, consumers may not play ball.这么做会打扰到别人吧，最后，消费者也许不会合作。Rose: We also can build business relationship with supermarkets.我们也可以和超市建立合作关系。Kevin: I think this will be available.我觉得这个方法可行。144 Play (it) by ear 即兴，随性的Jason and his band are famous for playing by ear.杰森和他的乐队以即兴表演

18、而闻名。历史典故这个俚语可不是“用耳朵玩”的意思。这个用法来源于音乐领域，以前一些乐手看不懂五线谱，他们只能通过耳朵听，然后来模仿、演奏，这就是即兴表演。后来，这个俚语也表示人很随性，不做准备地去完成某件事。对话Kevin：Professor Adam gave us a really interesting lecture this morning.上午亚当教授的课很有趣。Rose: Biology class or Science class?生物课还是科学课？Kevin：Biology. He didnt stick to the textbook, but just played by

19、 ear.生物课。他没有照本宣科，而是即兴发挥。Rose: So did you go to the lab?那你们去实验室了吗？Kevin: Sure! Its my first time to dissect a frog.当然！这还是我第一次解剖青蛙呢。Rose: It sounds really fun!听起来很有趣啊。145 Pull (ones) chain 愚弄人；惹人生气I am in a bad mood today. So youd better not pull my chain.我今天心情很不好，你最好别往枪眼上撞。历史典故“chain”是“链子、拉链”的意思，这可不是

20、说去拉别人的裤子拉链，以前，人们捕捉到凶猛的野兽，比如老虎或者狮子，都会用链子把他们绑住，如果你接近它们，还去拉它们身上的铁链，那它们一定会勃然大怒。所以这个俚语的意思是惹某人生气。对话Kevin：When will Chuck arrive?We are all waiting for him.Whats the problem with him?查克什么时候能到？大伙都在等着呢。他发生什么事了？Rose: He had a big fight with his girlfriend before leaving.He must be furious.他出发前跟女朋友大吵了一架，现在肯定怒火

21、中烧。Kevin:You mean wed better not pull his chain?你是说咱们最好别招惹他吗？Rose:Exactly. Give some comfort and consideration,ok?没错。咱们安慰安慰他吧。146 Pull (ones) leg 开玩笑Dont pull my leg. I know she doesnt like me.别跟我开玩笑了，我知道她根本不喜欢我。历史典故该俚语可以追溯至19世纪，起初看来好像和中文里的“拖后腿”意思差不多，但是其真正意思是“逗别人，开别人玩笑”。据说该释义源于“扯某人后腿，害人跌倒出糗”的引申。对话Ke

22、vin: Have you heard the news that John has won the lottery?你听说约翰中彩票的事了吗？Rose: John?He has never bought the lottery.约翰？可是他从不买彩票。Kevin: But I did see him driving a Lamborghini. Otherwise how can he afford it?但是我确实看见他开着一辆兰博基尼，不然他怎么买得起？Rose: Come on, hes pulling your leg. Its his bosss car.拜托，他是在跟你开玩笑，那

23、是他老板的车。147 Pull out all the stops 全力以赴Were both very competitive, so we pull out all the stops to win every year!我们都非常有竞争力，因此，我们全力以赴赢得每一年！历史典故该俚语中的“stop”，是指老式管风琴(organ)的音栓。琴师弹键盘的时候，会牵动机关，使风进入音管发声。这些音管都有音栓控制，可免同时发声或声量过大。假如琴师把所有音栓拉出，那么，管风琴弹奏时自然会众管齐鸣，发出最大的音量。所以，“pullout all the stops”就是“全力以赴”的意思了。对话Kev

24、in： It is time for college entrance examination. It reminds me of this time of ours.又是一年高考时，这又让我想起了我们的那段岁月。Rose: How time flies! We are junior now.时间飞逝啊，我们都大三了。Kevin: I will never forget what my parents did for me during that period.我永远不会忘记那段时间我父母的辛劳付出。Rose: Me too. Families pull out all the stops t

25、o optimize their childrens scores.我也是，每个家庭都为了孩子的高考成绩尽力排除一切障碍。148 Pull the wool over (ones) eyes 欺骗；蒙蔽It would take a pretty clever person to pull the wool over his eyes.要想蒙骗他，得找一个非常聪明的人才行。历史典故该俚语的起源和18世纪流行的男式假发有关，特别是法官和律师常戴的那种带卷的假发。据说如果一位法官被聪明的律师所蒙蔽，做出了错误的判决，那么人们就会说他是“have the wool pulled over his e

26、yes”，这里的“wool”是假发的俗称。对话Kevin: Tell me whats going wrong with you.I am quite unwilling to be involved in your quarrel.告诉我你们之间发生了什么。我实在不想牵涉进你们的争吵。Rose: Why dont you ask Tom,your best friend?你为什么不去问汤姆，他不是你最好的朋友吗？Kevin: He said you always tried to pull the wool over his eyes.他说你总是试图欺骗他。Rose:He who first

27、 offends will first complain.他真是恶人先告状。149 Push the envelope 挑战极限Even in bad times, it seems, some managers can still push the envelope and go the extra mile.看来，即使在萧条时期，一些管理人士仍能够挑战极限，再创新高。历史典故“envelope”是信封，但是在“push the envelope”这个习惯用语里，“envelope”可不是信封的意思。它是个技术性的词汇，在航空领域，对飞行员来说，“envelope”是指安全范围内操控飞机的极

28、限。当飞行员“push the envelope”，意思就是他要把飞机的性能发挥到极限。但是“push the envelope”这个习惯用语在日常生活中也用来指人际关系的紧张化。对话Kevin: I quite admire Jenny. She has accomplished several academic projects with the direction of her tutor.我相当佩服詹妮。在导师指导下她已经完成好几个学术项目了。Rose: Wow,this is his first year as amaster.哇，这才是她研究生第一年啊。Kevin: Yeah, t

29、oday, she continues to find new projects and push the envelope.对啊，现在，她继续寻找新的项目并突破极限。Rose: She will achieve many successes.她将来一定会取得更多成就。150 Put on the back burner 把事先搁在一旁The hostages had been put on the back burner by the robbers.那些人质已被劫匪暂时搁置一旁了。历史典故欧美国家的家庭煤气炉一般两排火口，每排一般两个火口、“back burner”是指煤气灶后面的火口，前

30、火口则是“front burner”。“放在煤气炉后面火口上”的东西，一般都不是马上拿来吃的，所以“put on the back burner”就演变成现在的意思。对话Kevin: You cant keep busy.Our daughter is sick and you must take good care of her.你不能老是这么忙。我们女儿生病了，你必须好好照顾她。Rose: Id like to, but I have a project of two million dollars at hand.我也想啊，但是我手头上有个两百万美元的项目。Kevin: You should put project on the back burner.You know I cant back home now.你应该把那个项目放一放。你知道我现在回不去。Rose: OK, Ill deal with it.好吧，交给我吧。8