人教新课标必修五Unit1-Unit5核心词汇词形变化学案--高考英语一轮复习.docx

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1、高考英语核心词汇词形变化（必修5）Unit 1Great scientists1conclude_vt.& vi. 结束；推断出conclusion n. 结论；结束2challenge n. 挑战vt. 向挑战challenging adj. 具有挑战性的3announce vt. 宣布；通告announcement n. 通知；宣告announcer n. 播音员；广播员4instruct_vt. 命令；指示；教导instruction n. 指导；指示；用法说明instructive adj. 指示性的；有教育意义的5construct vt. 建设；修建construction n.

2、建设；建筑物6contribute vt.& vi. 捐献；贡献；捐助contribution n. 捐献；贡献7cautious adj. 小心的；谨慎的caution n. 小心；谨慎cautiously adv. 小心地；谨慎地8responsible adj. 有责任的；负责的responsibility n. 责任；负责9scientific adj. 科学的science n. 科学scientist n. 科学家10certainty n. 确信；确实certain_adj. 确实的；肯定的certainly adv. 确定；肯定11universe n. 宇宙；世界univer

3、sal adj. 普遍的；宇宙的universally adv. 普遍地12paint v. 绘画；涂painter n. 画家；油漆匠painting n. 油画；水彩画13pollute vt. 污染；弄脏pollution n. 污染14movement n. 移动；运动；动作move v. 移动；运动Unit 2The United Kingdom1rough adj. 粗糙的；粗暴的roughly adv. 大致地；粗糙地；粗略地2unite_vi.& vt. 联合；团结union n. 联合；联盟；结合；协会3furnished adj.配备好装备的；带家具的furnish vt.

4、 装备；布置(房间、公寓)；提供furniture n. 家具4arrange_vt. 筹备；安排；整理arrangement n. 布置；整理；安排5attract vt. 吸引；引起注意 attraction n. 吸引；有吸引力的地方attractive adj. 有吸引力的6description n. 描写；描述describe vt. 描述7convenience n. 便利；方便convenient adj. 方便的；便利的8delight n. 快乐；高兴；喜悦vt. 使高兴；使欣喜delighted adj. 高兴的；快乐的delightful adj. 令人高兴的9thri

5、ll vt. 使激动；使胆战心惊thrilled adj. 激动的thrilling adj. 令人激动的10collection n. 收藏品；珍藏；收集collect vt. 收集11unwilling adj. 不愿意(的)；不乐意(的)反义词willing adj. 愿意(的)；乐意(的)12._possibility n. 可能(性)possible adj. 可能的impossible adj. 不可能的Unit 3Life in the future1tolerate vt. 容忍；忍受tolerance n. 容忍2impression n. 印象；感想；印记impress v

6、. 使留下深刻印象impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的3constant adj. 时常发生的；连续不断的constantly adv. 不断地4surroundings n. 周围的事物；环境surrounding adj. 周围的surround v. 围绕；环绕5adjustment n调整；调节adjust vt. 调整 6press vi.& vt. 按；压；逼迫n.按；压；印刷；新闻pressure n. 压力7instant n. 瞬间；片刻adj. 立即的；立刻的instantly adv. 立即；立刻8settlement n. 安居；解决settle vi.& v

7、t. 安居；解决settler n. 定居者9exhausted adj. 筋疲力尽的；疲惫不堪的exhaust vt. 耗尽10motivation n. 动机motivate vt. 成为的动机11uncertain adj. 不确切的；无把握的反义词certain adj. 确信的；有把握的Unit 4Making the news1photograph n. 照片vt. 给照相photographer n. 摄影师2delighted adj. 快乐的；欣喜的delight n. 快乐，高兴；乐趣 vt. 使高兴；使欣喜3admirable adj. 值得赞扬的；令人钦佩的admire

8、 vt. 钦佩；羡慕4assist vt. 帮助；协助；援助assistance n. 帮助；协助assistant n. 助手；助理；售货员5profession n. 职业；专业professional adj. 专业的；职业的n. 专业人员professor n. 教授；教师6concentrate vi.& vt.集中；聚集concentration n集中concentrated adj. 全神贯注的7approve vt. 赞成；认可；批准approval n. 赞许，赞成，同意8appointment n. 约会；任命appoint vt. 任命，委派9accurate adj.

9、 精确的；正确的accurately adv. 精确地；准确地accuracy n. 精确度，准确性10technical adj. 技术(上)的；技巧方面的technically adv. 技术上；工艺上Unit 5First aid1poison n. 毒药；毒害 vt. 毒害；使中毒poisonous adj. 有毒的2injury n. 损伤；伤害injure vt. 伤害3variety n. 变化；多样(化)；多变(性)various adj. 各种各样的vary v. 变化；不同4mild adj. 轻微的；温和的；温柔的mildly adv. 轻微地；温和地5swell vi.

10、& vt. (使)膨胀；隆起swollen adj. 肿胀的6tight adj. 牢的；紧的；紧密的tightly adv. 紧地；牢牢地7firm adj. (动作)稳定有力的；坚定的firmly adv. 坚固地；稳定地8treat vt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待 n. 款待；招待treatment n. 治疗；疗法；对待；待遇9apply vt. 涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi. 申请；请求；使用；有效applicant n. 申请人application n. 申请(书)10pressure n. 压力；挤压；压迫(感)press v. 挤压；压迫11bravery n. 勇敢； 勇

11、气brave adj. 勇敢的bravely adv. 勇敢地12unbearable adj.难以忍受的；不能容忍的反义词bearable adj. 能容忍的bear vt. 承担，忍受【语境活用】1 (2020天津卷7月)This led Jones to the conclusion(conclude) that there are too many extremely lonely people in his community, who are easy targets of cheating.2 (2020全国卷)The connection between people and

12、plants has long been the subject of scientific(science) research.3 John was having lunch when he heard the announcement(announce) that he had won the first prize in the speech contest.4 (2018全国卷)This switch has decreased pollution(pollute) in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking

13、 water safer for people.5 In the class, our teacher often instructs us to improve our reading ability and his instruction makes a difference in our English learning.(instruct)6 The writer personally contributed 5，000 to the earthquake fund last week and all his contributions were gratefully received

14、.(contribute)7 The great bridge under construction is designed by Chinese engineers and it will take about a year to construct the large bridge.(construct)8 I was bored with my job and felt I needed a new challenge. Last week I got a new job in a big firm，and I found it very challenging(challenge)9

15、(2020新高考山东卷)Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid description(describe) of the purest of Central Asian traditions. 10 (2019北京卷)Another possibility(possible) is that when there is a lot of talent on a team, some players may make less effort.11 (2020全国卷)Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage, wa

16、lk through his hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection(collect) in the Museum. 12 What attracts me most in Beijing is that there are many attractions,_like the Great Wall, the Summer Palace and so on. They are so attractive as to attract eyes from every corner of the world.(attract)

17、13 Our department will be in charge of arranging the conference. Would you please give us some suggestions on the arrangement for it？(arrange)14 Two days later, to my teachers delight,_I was delighted to hand in all of my work on time.(delight)15 He had been searching for a furnished flat until one

18、day he found one that was well furnished with modern furniture(furnish)16 (2020江苏卷)The question of what we know and do not know constantly(constant) bothered me.17 One day, mentally exhausted(exhaust), I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved.18 In fact, it is possible to tu

19、rn failure into success by making right adjustments(adjust)19 The firm is pressing me for a decision and the pressure from my parents is quite unbearable, so I had to accept this new job.(press)20 The city of Hangzhou is really an impressive place. Especially the famous West Lake always leaves quite

20、 an impression on the visitors. I was strongly impressed by its beauty the first time I visited it.(impress)21 The famous star was enjoying the pleasant surroundings when he was recognized and was surrounded by a crowd of fans.(surround)22 The manager was sent to settle the problem but different opi

21、nions of two sides destroyed all the hopes of a peaceful settlement(settle)23 In class, the naughty boy has little power of concentration；as a result, he could not concentrate on what his teacher says. But when he plays computer games, he cant be more concentrated(concentrate)24 Professor Smith, who

22、 is famous in the medical profession,_is paying a professional visit to our college.(profession)25 We went to the gallery last weekend and all the artists were very admirable. In other words, we admired the artists for their admirable skills.(admire)26 The article is ready to be published, just wait

23、ing for your approval. If you approve it, I will be very grateful.(approve)27 Tom is an assistant teacher in the college. He often assists the students with their problems and gives assistance to any student in need.(assist)28 Mary and I had appointed to meet at the shopping center, but she failed t

24、o keep the appointment,_so I was very angry.(appoint)29 (2020全国卷)Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly(firm) rooted.30 The burning plastic gave off poisonous(poison) gas, which is harmful to our health.31 To her parents relief, the girl

25、 recovered with no lasting injury(injure) to her brain.32 Mary felt the atmosphere in the room unbearable(bear), so she walked out of it quietly.33 The applicants who want to apply for the position should hand in their applications(apply)34 The people in the flooded area fought bravely against the natural disaster. Their bravery deserved to be praised.(brave)35 We like to live a life full of variety and our tastes are various(vary)36 People had to treat themselves in their own way before they received the treatment sent by the government.(treat)学科网（北京）股份有限公司