Unit 3 Environmental Protection知识点归纳讲义--人教版高中英语选择性必修第三册.docx

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1、人教版高中英语必修三Unit 3 Environmental Protection知识点归纳重点单词1. graph C图;图表；曲线图 (pl. graphs)graphic design 平面设计a flow/pie/bar chart 流程/饼形/柱状图diagram n.简图; 图解; 图表; 示意图draw a diagram of.2. emission n.排放物;散发物;排放gas/industrial s 气体/工业排放物the emission of carbon dioxide排放二氧化碳emission reduction减排3. melt vi & vt(使)融化;熔

2、化;软化begin to 开始融化melt the snow融化积雪melt your heart 软化你的心melting ice正在融化的冰melting eyes 柔情似水的双眼4.starve vt & vi(使)挨饿;饿死starve to death 饿死Im starving. 我要饿死了 oneself to lose weight通过节食来减肥starvation n. 饿死；挨饿；绝食suffer from starvation 遭受饥饿starving adj. 饥饿的；挨饿的starving children 饥饿的孩子starve for 渴望=be starving

3、 forstarve for knowledge5. release vt. & n. 排放；释放；发布;+发泄release carbon dioxide/a prisoner/a new versionones emotionsthe of carbon dioxideThe new software is planned for in April.新软件计划四月份发行。6. sustain vt. 维持；遭受；承受住sustain life 维持生命sustain damage 遭受损失The ice will not sustain your weight.这块冰承受不了你的体重。su

4、stainable adj. 可持续的;合理利用的 economic growth 经济的可持续增长 development可持续发展 forest management 合理的森林管理7. trend n. 趋势;趋向;动向economic/social/political trends经济/社会/政治趋势There is a growing towards later retirement.current s in language teaching当前语言教学的趋势8. broadcastvt.&vi (broadcast,broadcast)播送;广播;传播n.广播节目;电视节目bro

5、adcast (sth) live 现场(sth)直播I dont like to the fact that my father owns the company.a live broadcast of. .的现场直播Broadcast 播：都市女装品牌之一9. policy n. 政策；方针；原则make policies 制定政策policies on .关于.的政策/方针ones usual of doing sth 一贯做某事的原则10. restrict vt. 限制；限定；束缚restrict ones freedom 限制某人的自由restrict.to. 把限制在be ed

6、to. 被限制在.Speed is ed to 30mph in town.be ed to members only 只对会员开放restricted adj. 有限的; 受限制的restriction n. 限制规定；限制法规；约束speed restrictions 速度限制place a restriction on. 对.实行限制11. seize vt. 抓住；夺取；控制；(情绪)突然侵袭seize a chance/an opportunity/power抓住机会/抓住时机/夺权seize sb.by the arm 抓住某人的胳膊They d the airport in a

7、surprise attack.他们突袭控制了机场。seize on/upon sth.突然对大为关注;抓住(可利用的事物)Bob d on the rain as an excuse for missing school.鲍勃以下雨为借口不去上学。Seeing the pearl, he was seized by curiosity.看到珍珠，他好奇心顿起。12. reform vi. & vt. 改革；(使)改正；改造 n. 改革；变革；改良 the system 改革体制a reformed character 一个改过自新的人the of the systemeconomic/pol

8、itical reforms经济/政治改革13. undergo vt. 经历；经受(变化/不快等)（underwent-undergone） surgery 接受手术 tests/trials 经受考验14. implement vt. 使生效；贯彻；执行implement policies/reforms 执行政策/实施改革implementation n. （新政策的）实施;the implementation of the new system 新体制的实施15. address vt. climate change/emissions/pollutants(设法解决；处理；对付) a

9、 meeting (演说；演讲) your application to the committee (致函) sb as sth (称呼)n. 地址；演说；称呼16. aim v. 力求达到，力争做到；瞄准 vt. 目的是；旨在 n. 目的；目标-aim at (doing) sth=be aimed at doing sth=aim to do sth 力争做到；旨在做某事-aim for sth 力求达到-be aimed at sb 针对sb-aim (sth) at. （用.）瞄准.-with the aim of. 为了.-take aim at. 瞄准17. harmonious

10、 adj. 和谐的-a harmonious society/community和谐社会/和谐社区harmoniously adv. 和谐地harmony n. 和谐；融洽-in harmony with. 与和谐/融洽18. moderate adj. 适度的；中等的；温和的 adv. ly 一般地；适度地；勉强地a amount of. 适量的.students of ability 能力一般的学生 policies 温和的政策vi. & vt. 缓和；使适中The tension between them has moderated over time. 他们之间的紧张关系随时间推移而缓

11、和。We agreed to our original demands.我们同意降低我们原先的要求。19. submit vt. & vi. 提交；呈递；屈服（submitted ，submitted） an application/a complaint呈递申请书/投诉 sth to . 向.提交，呈递（文件、建议等）submit (yourself) to sb/sth 顺从;屈服;投降;不得已接受=give in=yieldn. submission 提交，呈递；屈服，归顺，投降20. annual adj. 每年的；一年的 n. 年刊；年鉴an annual event 一年一度的大事

12、annually adv. 每年；一年一度;be held annually 每年举行一次21. sensitive adj. 敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的a sensitive topic/issue（敏感的话题）a sensitive and intelligent young man（善解人意的）a highly sensitive camera （高灵敏摄像头）(1.)be sensitive to 对敏感/体恤+ cold food/pollen/seafood/other peoples feelings(2.) be sensitive about/to 对神经过敏/易生气+ he

13、r weight/criticismsense vt&n.感觉sensible adj.明智的，合理的sensitively adv.敏感地; 易受伤害地; 易生气地; 慎重地;sensitivity n. 敏感，感受性; (仪器等的)灵敏性;22. originate vi. & vt. 起源；发源；创立-originate from. 来自， 源于; 起源-originate somewhere源自某处origin n. 起源; 起因; 出身original adj.原来的; 独创的;原作的 n.原件; 原作originally adv.原来; 起初23. volume n. 量；体积；(

14、成套书籍中的)一卷 ；一册; 容量；音量；volume of traffic 交通量turn up/down the volume 把音量调大/小measure the volume of a gas计量气体的体积a library of over 50,000 volumes 藏书5万多册的图书馆24. restore vt. 恢复；使复原；修复restore ones sight /public confidence恢复视力/公众信心I volunteered to contribute to restoring wildlife habitat.restore the documents

15、 恢复文件Her job is restoring old paintings.她的工作是修复旧画。restore sth. to sth./sb.使某物恢复到某种状态；把.归还给某人He is fully restored to health.Police have restored the oil painting to its owner.restoration n. 恢复; 复原; 整修;restorative adj. 促使康复的；整形的25. dozen n. (一)打；十二个dozens of 许多；很多two dozen eggs several/a few dozen peo

16、ple dozens of timesThey arrived in s. 他们大批到达了。26. regarding prep 关于；至于She had said nothing regarding your request.concerning prep 关于；涉及All cases concerning children are dealt with in a special childrens court.27. disposal n. 去掉；清除；处理garbage disposal 垃圾处理the safe disposal of nuclear waste 核废料的安全处理at

17、ones disposal 任某人处理;dispose vt./vi.处理,处置,安排dispose of the waste 处理废物28. inspection n. 检查；查看；=examination视察carry out regular inspections定期检查inspect v. 检查; 查看; 视察inspect the work/ army 检查工作/检阅部队inspector n. 检查员; 视察员; 巡视员29. fine vt. 对处以罚款 n. 罚款/罚金;fine sb sth (for sth /doing sth)因处以罚款fine sb. some mon

18、eyget fined heavily遭到重罚She was fined 200 yuan for speeding.pay a fine of 支付 的罚金 a parking fine 违规停车罚款30. campaign n. 运动；战役 vi. & vt. 参加运动；领导运动a national /nationwide campaignlaunch a campaign发起一场运动conduct an anti-smoking campaign领导一场反吸烟的运动campaign for.参加/领导为了. 的运动campaign against.参加/领导反对. 的运动campaign

19、 to do sth 开展运动去做某事We have campaigned against whaling for the last 20 years.They are campaigning to save the area from building development.他们正开展一场反对在这个地区进行房地产开发的运动。31. tolerate vt. 忍受；包容；容许stand /bear /put up withcant tolerate the air pollutioncant tolerate (sb.) doing sth.容忍/忍受(某人)做某事The school ca

20、nt tolerate cheating in exams.I cant tolerate people smoking any cigarette around me .tolerance n宽容；忍受；忍耐力tolerant adj. 宽容的，容忍的 ; 能耐的重点短语1. carbon dioxide二氧化碳2. fossil fuel化石燃料3. on behalf of代表4. dozens of数十名5. arouse our awareness of唤起我们的意识6. Honesty is the best policy.诚实是上策。7. increasing global te

21、mperature增加全球温度8. get warmer and warmer变得越来越暖和9. suffer/take/face the severe consequences承受/承担/面对严重后果10. along with melting ice and rising sea levels 冰川融化，海平面上升11. a dramatic change in the global climate 全球气候的剧烈变化12. there is little doubt that这一点毫无疑问13. there is no doubt that毫无疑问14. there is some do

22、ubt whether有些人怀疑是否15. starve for peace and welfare渴望和平和福利16. starve to death饿死17. have an impact on对有影响18. refer to the fact that提及这个事实19. a key climate process called the greenhouse effect一个被称为温室效应的关键气候过程20. a short-wave radiation短波辐射21. adopt a policy采取的政策22. be seized by panic惊慌失措23. be responsib

23、le to sb for sth对某人负责某事24. the man-made greenhouse effect人造温室效应25. warm and habitable 温暖,适宜居住26. cause serious damage造成严重破坏27. huge amounts of 大量的28. take appropriate actions and measures to do采取适当的行动和措施去做29. attract worldwide attention吸引全世界的关注31. seize an opportunity to do sth抓住机会做某事32. map out pro

24、cesses制定流程34. show cause and effect relationships展示因果关系35. take responsibility for 负责36. try drawing a diagram试着画一个图表37. allow you to visualize the problems more clearly 使你更清楚地想象问题38. demonstrate your creative thinking and problem-solving展示你的创造性思维和解决问题的能力39. emission reduction 减排40. habitable zone/a

25、rea宜居区/区域41. cut the emission of greenhouse gases减少温室气体排放42. get stuck/caught in 困/陷入43. half-melted sea ice半融化的海冰44. sustain a colorful lifestyle保持丰富多彩的生活方式45. a piece of shocking news一条令人震惊的消息46. a shocked look/expression惊讶的表情47. habitat conservation栖息地保护区48. be seized by curiosity被好奇心所吸引49. restr

26、ict ones freedom限制人的自由50. footprints in the sand沙滩上的脚印51. the sustainable success可持续的成功52. a frequent visitor 常客53. be trapped in a traffic jam陷于交通堵塞中54. with a worldwide reputation享誉世界55. comprehensive quality综合素质56. a comprehensive survey一个全面的调查57. an increase in worldwide sales全球销售的增长文中好句1. There

27、 is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer.毫无疑问，地球正在变得越来越暖。2. A warming ocean and atmosphere along with melting ice and rising sea levels provide evidence of a dramatic change in the global climate.海洋和大气的变暖以及冰川融化和海平面上升提供了全球气候急剧变化的证据。3. According to the scientists who found its dead bod

28、y, all that remained of the polar bear was “skin and bones.据发现它尸体的科学家说，这只北极熊只剩下了“皮包骨”。4. An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died.一位研究北极熊多年的专家说，从北极熊尸体的位置来看，这只熊似乎是饿死了。5. Experts claimed that low sea-i

29、ce levels caused by climate change meant the bear could not hunt seals as before, so it had to travel greater distances in order to find food.专家称，气候变化导致的低海冰水平意味着熊不能像以前那样捕食海豹，所以它不得不走更远的距离去寻找食物。6. Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect, which has two commo

30、n meanings: the natural greenhouse effect and the man-made greenhouse effect.气候科学家经常提到一个关键的气候过程叫做“温室效应”，它有两个共同的含义:“自然的”温室效应和“人为的”温室效应。7. Greenhouse effect refers to the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earths surface as short-wave radiation.温室效应是指太阳的热量进入大气层，以短波辐射的形式温暖地球表面。

31、8 When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels, more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earths surface temperature to rise quickly.当人们燃烧化石燃料产生大量额外的温室气体时，更多的热能被困在大气中，导致地球表面温度迅速上升。9. There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temp

32、erature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also costing human lives.有有力而全面的证据表明，气温上升已经导致全球极端天气和自然灾害增加，不仅造成严重的破坏，而且还造成人命损失。10. Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures to reduc

33、e greenhouse gas emissions.各国政府需要考虑制定政策并采取适当的行动和措施来减少温室气体排放。11. We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce.作为个人，我们也可以通过限制生活方式产生的二氧化碳量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。12. It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts, because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet.我们有责任抓住每一个机会，教育每个人关于全球变暖及其原因和影响，因为这是影响我们这个星球上所有人的最严重的问题。学科网（北京）股份有限公司