简单句的五种基本句型总结讲义 高考英语复习.docx

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1、简单句的五种基本句型基 本 句 型例 句说 明主语+连系动词+表语。I am a student. We are Chinese. We are brave and hardworking.My dream is to go to college.He became a teacher in 1982.I feel cold and hungry. The girl looks beautiful.The song sounds wonderful.The soup smells terrible.They seem (to be) happy.1、主语：前面几个句子中的I、We、We、My

2、dream都是主语；2、最常见的连系动词是“是”；其次，表示“变化”；“感觉、听起来、看起来、闻起来、听起来”；“ seem、appear”等的动词也是连系动词。3、表语就是连系动词后面的名词、形容词等，左边例句中划线部分是表语。主语+不及物动词（谓语）。I get up early in the morning.The sun rises in the east.What happened? 发生什么事了？A plane can fly.get up谓语，early in the morning时间状语rises谓语、 in the east地点状语What主语、happened谓语（不及物

3、）主语+及物动词（谓语）+一个宾语。We love our country.We speak Chinese.Li Hua began to learn English in 1980.The boy enjoys playing basketball.宾语是动作作用的对象，名词、代词、不定式、动名词等可做宾语，左边例句中的划线部分都是宾语。主语+及物动词（谓语）+两个宾语。He gave me a new MP4. =He gave a new MP4 to me.Pass me the dictionary. =Pass the dictionary to me.1、一般情况，表示“人”的

4、是间接宾语（戏称“间人”），表示“物”的是直接宾语。2、跟to+人（间宾）的动词有：bring、give、hand、lend、offer、pass、pay、sell、send、show、teach、tell3、跟for+人（间宾）的动词有：buy、fetch、find、get、find、prepare、save、sing、spare、takeHe bought me a new car. =He bought a new car for me.Fetch me some chalk. =Fetch some chalk for me.主语+及物动词（谓语）+宾语+宾语补足语。I find hi

5、m a cheat. 我发现他是骗子。I find him dishonest. 我发现他不诚实。He told me to work hard.I saw Tom playing chess.I finally made myself understood.1、宾语补足语（宾补）是补充说明宾语的，见例句中的划线部分；2、宾语和宾补之间存在三种逻辑关系（意义上的关系）：第一、主表关系：左边例句可改为 He is a cheat. He is dishonest.第二、主谓（主动）关系： I will work hard.（不定式表将来）He is playing chess.（现分表进行）第三

6、、被动（动宾）关系： I was understood. （我被理解。）附：英语中几乎所有句子都是讲“主语是什么”或“主语做什么”。从句子结构看，只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）的句子，都叫简单句。分为四种情况：1、一个主语+一个谓语：We are friends. 2、并列主语+一个谓语：Tom and Mike are friends. 3、一个主语+一个谓语：I had a quick breakfast and went to work. 4、并列主语+并列谓语：My wife and I had a quick breakfast and went to work.学科网（北京）股份有限公司