unittimeconscious Americans 美国人的时间观念.pptx

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1、Standingbyariver,Confuciussaid:“Timegoesonandonliketheflowingwaterintheriver,neverceasingdayornight!”子在川上曰：逝者如斯夫，不舍昼夜！第1页/共94页Situation1:Onyourwayhome,itoccurredtoyouthatyourAmericanfriendMaryhadinvitedyoutovisitherwhenyouwerefree.Thenyoudroppedinonherhouse.But when you knocked at the door doodoordo

2、or 第2页/共94页InChina,itsOKtovisitfriendswithoutcallingaheadoftime.WhileintheU.S.,itsimpolitetodoso.Maryfeltsurprised.Maryfeltsurprised.Why?Why?Oh my Goddess.第3页/共94页What is the polite way in the U.S.?Callingaheadoftime.第4页/共94页A.Before 7:00,to help her to prepare.B.510 late,not to be the first guest.C

3、.After 8:00,Im the VIP.D.510 earlier,its a polite way to show my respect for her.Situation2:YourAmericanfriendinvitedyoutoherpartytonightat7:30.Whenareyousupposedtogetthere?Why?第5页/共94页IntheU.S.,peopletendtobe_.InChina,closefriendstendtoarrive_，butacquaintancestendtoarrive_.510late(B)before7:00(A)51

4、0earlier(D)第6页/共94页第7页/共94页Budget:如何记忆？：Bud-burse钱包+get=钱包里得到的如何使用？Shehaslearnedhowtobudgethertimecarefully.Asastudent,youhavetolearnhowtobudget.Shetriedtokeephermonthlybudgetbelow$500.第8页/共94页Moreandmorewomennowtendtoseeka“budgethusband”insteadofwealthymenjustashomebuyersnowlookforbudgethousesrathe

5、rthanvillasduringtheeconomiccrisis.Althoughnotearningalot,thebudgethusbandsdonthavebadhabitsandarefamily-oriented.宅女当道，剩女泛滥，杠杆女逆市上杨leveragefemale第9页/共94页Thedoctorchargedus400dollarsforafive-minuteexamination.Themajorityofstallschargedafairprice.Charge:向收费，要价。第10页/共94页Acute:如何记忆？a(一），cu（醋），te(特）=只要用一

6、瓶醋泡下，这把小刀就会变得非常锋利。如何使用？Shehasacutehearing.Theareahasanacuteshortageofwater.第11页/共94页【近义词辨析】acutekeensharp意思都含“锐利的”(包括它的引伸义)意思。用于人时：sharp表示“有洞察力的,精明的,机警的”,着重“狡猾”“不易受骗”,如:Youwontcatchhim.Hesverysharp.你骗不了他,他精明极了。keen表示人的“锐敏”、“聪明”、“善于思索”,如:Hesakeenmind.他头脑灵敏。acute侧重指“人观察事物的深刻性以及分辨问题的细致性。”如:Hehasgivenan

7、acuteanalysisofthesituation.他对形势做了深刻的分析。第12页/共94页restlessWegrowrestlesswiththelongwait.第13页/共94页Heelbowedmeoutoftheway.他把我挤开了。Sheelbowedherwaythroughthecrowdtowardsthetheater.她用肘推着从人群中走向剧院。Elbow:用肘推人第14页/共94页Abrupt:强调一种突兀感，指“突然的”，“出其不意的”，“事先未告知的”。如何记忆？a（一）+br（病人）+up（向上）+t（他）=如果一个病人突然向上跳起，脑子肯定有问题。如何使

8、用？AbruptmannerAbruptchangeofschedule第15页/共94页联想记忆：Bold冒失的，鲁莽的，无礼的。Rash鲁莽的，轻率的。Reckless鲁莽的，不顾一切的。Sudden突然的，意外的。Unexpected料想不到的，突然的。Accidental偶然的，无意中的。Dramatic引人注目的，戏剧性的，突然的。Overnight似乎在一夜之间出现的，突然的。第16页/共94页ritual VS conventionRitual:惯例，老规矩，例行公事（多用于形容一个人习惯了的方式，比如生活方式，行为规律以及有规律的习惯或做事方式）Convention:惯例，常规

9、，习俗，范围更大，意义更广，形容某种文化的习俗，某人或者某事物一直以来遵守且不能轻易被打破的，通常被别人认为是正确的惯例，常规或某种文化礼节长时间形成的习俗或者风俗。第17页/共94页Shewentthroughherusual_ofMakingsureallthedoorswerelockedBeforeshewenttobed.Defy_bywearingoutrageousclothes.第18页/共94页Interaction:inter前缀，表示在之间，相互。Eg.Inter+nationalinter+personalTheinteractionofthesetwogroupspr

10、oducedmanygoodideas.第19页/共94页1.Weassesstheshopkeeperagoodreputation.Wegaveanhonestassessmentoftheshopkeeperfortheirgoodserviceandhighquality.2.Ihavealowassessforhim.Ihavealowassessmentofhim.Assess:如何记忆？a(Asia)+ss(美女）+e(Europe)+ss（美女）人们评价亚洲的美女比欧洲美女要漂亮。第20页/共94页Probe：如何记忆？Pro(向前)+be(是)=爆破手拿着地雷探测针，往前探测

11、是为了查明是否有地雷。第21页/共94页Consequently的用法Thoughsheiseightyyearsold,shelikesstudyingverymuch.SothatsheobtainedadegreeSothat-consequently第22页/共94页Given:Givenhisage,heisdefinitelyafastlearner.Giventhefactthatheisold,heisdefinitelyafastlearner.第23页/共94页-im前缀表示“不，无，非”impossible不可能的（im+possible可能的）immoral不道德的（i

12、m+moral道德的）impolite无礼的（im+polite礼貌的）impartial公平的（im+partial有偏见的）impassive无动于衷的（im+passive没感情）immortal不朽的（im+mortal死的）第24页/共94页significance1.Afamilystaystogetherhassignificance.Itissignificantforafamilytostaytogether.2.psychologyhealthissosignificance.doingsomeexerciseissignificance.第25页/共94页conductA

13、ctorsmayhireagentstoconducttheiraffairs.演员可以雇用经纪人掌管他们的事务。Mostplasticsdonotconductelectricity.大多数塑料都不容易导电。Studentsshouldfollowthecodeofconductinschool.学生应当遵守学生行为守则。第26页/共94页increasinglyTheenvironmentpollutionisbecominganincreasinglyseriousmatter.比较哪个更好？学渣版Moreandmorepeople.学霸版Anincreasinglygrowingnum

14、berofpeople第27页/共94页Whereas:Somepeoplelikefattymeat,whereasothershateit.有些人喜欢肥肉,而有些人却不喜欢。参考bookPage11第28页/共94页Fulfill:Healwaysfulfillshispromise.Hetriestofulfillhismothersdream.第29页/共94页II.Text Analysis:Main Idea and StructureBackThe author comes straight to the point:Americans attitudes towards tim

15、e:Americans value time and save time carefully.Time is regarded as precious resources.Illustrations of the general idea(Paras.3-7)General idea of the whole passage(Paras.1-2)Restatement and emphasis of the general idea(Paras.8)Americans work hard at the task of saving time.They save time not only in

16、 their daily life,business but also in their work.This is illustrated by the foreigners first impression of the U.S.Besides,Americans create a series of devices to save time.By making contrast between Americans viewpoint on time and that of those from other cultures,the author emphasizes the main id

17、ea:In American culture,it is taken as a sign of skillfulness or being competent to solve a problem or fulfill a job with speed.第30页/共94页First reading:1.WhatarethetwothingsAmericanstrytosave?(Para.1)TimeandLabor.2.WhatdoestimemeantoAmericans?(Para.2)Timeisregardedas_preciousresources.第31页/共94页3.Howdo

18、Americansdoeverything?(para.3)Theydoeverything_4.WhendoAmericansstarttalkingbusiness?(para.4)Theystarttalkingbusiness_5.HowdoAmericanssavetime?(para.5-7)TheyworkhardatthetaskofsavingtimeBy_inarushquicklyproducingasteadyflowoflabor-savingdevices.第32页/共94页6.whatistheconclusion?Theforeigners_fromThoseo

19、fAmerican.（Para.8)Havedifferentideas第33页/共94页Part 1:(para12)Coming straight to the point(开门见山)BackThe author comes straight to the point at the beginning:Para.1:Americans believe no one stand still,and time is one of the two elements that Americans save carefully.Para.2:Americans regard time as prec

20、ious resource and they want every minute to be important.返回返回第34页/共94页II.Text Analysis:Main Idea and StructureBackAmericans believe no one stands stillsupporting sentence 1topic sentencesupporting sentence 2If you are not moving ahead,you are falling behind.This attitude results in a nation of peopl

21、e committed to researching,experimenting and exploring.Concluding sentenceTime is one of the two elements that Americans save carefully,the other being labor.第35页/共94页1.no one stands still.(Para.1)Meaning:Noonekeepsmotionless,everyonemovesahead.ustand:v.keeporstayinaparticularpositionorstatePleasest

22、andcalm.第36页/共94页2.you are falling behind.(Para.1)ufallbehind:1)becomebitbybitfurtherbehindThestudenthasbeenworkinghardforfearthatheshouldfallbehind.2)(with)failtoproducesth.atthepropertimeImfallingbehindwithmywork;Imusttrytocatchup.第37页/共94页3.This attitude results in a nation of people committed to

23、 researching,experimenting and exploring.(Para.1)Meaning:Asaresultofthisattitude,Americanstendtodevotetheirtimeandenergytoresearching,experimentingandexploring.resultin:haveasaresult;cause第38页/共94页独立主格结构独立结构要认清，名，代之后副或形或是分词或介短，with结构不可轻。千变万化皆做“状”，其中意义也不多时间，条件和原因，方式，伴随没别的。4.Timeisoneofthetwoelementst

24、hatAmericanssavecarefully,theotherbeinglabor.(Para.1)第39页/共94页Thegirlstaredathim.Hedidntknowwhattosay.Thegirlstaringathim,hedidntknowwhattosay.第40页/共94页Herglasseswerebroken.shecouldntseethewordsontheblackboard.Herglassesbroken,shecouldntseethewordsontheblackboard.第41页/共94页Theysaidgoodbyetoeachother.

25、Onewouldgohome.Theotherwouldgotothebookstore.Theysaidgood-byetoeachother,onetogohome,theothertogotothebookstore.第42页/共94页Thereisnothingelsetodo.Weplayedmahjong.Therebeingnothingelsetodo,weplayedmahjong.Itisaholiday.Alltheshopsareshut.Itbeingaholiday,alltheshopswereshut.第43页/共94页5.We are slaves to no

26、thing but the clock.(Para.2)Meaning:Weareunderthecontroloftimeonlyandnothingelse(or:weareonlydominatedbytime).slavetosth.:apersonwhoiscompletelyinfluencedordominatedbysth.aslavetodrinkaslavetomoneynothingbut:only第44页/共94页6.Webudgetit,saveit,wasteit,stealit,killit,cutit,accountforit;wealsochargeforit

27、.(Para.2)Meaning:Wedealwithtimeinvariouswaysasiftimeweresomethingofrealvalue.第45页/共94页7.Manypeoplehavearatheracutesenseoftheshortnessofeachlifetime.（Para.2）Meaning:Manypeoplehaveaverystrongfeelingthatlifeisshort(sincetimeisapreciousresource).第46页/共94页第47页/共94页8.they cannot be replaced.(Para.2)urepla

28、ce:vt.GeorgehasreplacedEdwardasthepersonnelmanager.Wellhavetoreplacethoseoldcomputerswith(or:by)newones.第48页/共94页9.We want every minute to count.(Para.2)Meaning:Wewanteveryminutetobeputintogooduse(sinceitisprecious).ucount:vi.Ifsth.counts,itisimportantorvaluable.Everysecondcounts.Shestheonlypersonth

29、atreallycountsaroundhere.第49页/共94页Part 2:(para3-7)Deduction(演绎法)BackSpecific aspects:1.Americans save time in their daily life.They are always in a rush and under pressure.(Para.3)2.Americans save time in their business talk.(Para.4)3.Americans work hard at the task of saving time by producing labor

30、saving devices.(Paras.5-7)For detailsGeneral idea:Americans are time-conscious and they want every minute to count.第50页/共94页1.Racing through daytime meals is part of the pace of life in this country.(Para.3)Meaning:ToeattheirmealshurriedlyduringthedayispartofAmericansfastpaceoflife.uracethrough:dost

31、h.inahurryThechildracedthroughhishomeworkinordertowatchthefootballmatchonTV.第51页/共94页病句纠正DoareasonablebudgetisofsignificanceMakingareasonablebudgetisofsignificance.第52页/共94页 2.Dont take it personally.(Para.3)Meaning:Dontletitupsetyoubecausetheyaretreatingeverybodythiswayorbecausetheyarenotdoingthist

32、oyouinparticular.take.personally第53页/共94页第54页/共94页This is a dream which never comes true.定语从句第55页/共94页whoseMr.Left is a lucky dog master wants to teach him Kungfu.第56页/共94页第57页/共94页Mr.Left is a kind husband whose wife always ask him to wash clothes.第58页/共94页Theywillmisstheritualinteractionthatgoeswi

33、thawelcomingcupofteaorcoffeethatmaybeaconventionintheirowncountry.先行词先行语句先行语句第59页/共94页.She is a famous actor who just gets married which brings much sadness to her male fans.第60页/共94页4.Normally,Americansdonotassesstheirvisitorsinsuchrelaxedsurroundingsoverextendedsmalltalk;.(Para.4)Meaning:UsuallyAm

34、ericansdonotjudgeorevaluatetheirvisitorsin(arestaurantorcoffeehousewhichareconsidered)relaxedplacesthroughlong,lightconversations.第61页/共94页.much less do they take them out for dinner,or for around on the golf course.(Para.4)Meaning:.itisevenlesslikelythatAmericanstaketheirvisitorsoutfordinnerortopla

35、ygolf.umuchless:andevenlesslikelyTheoldmancanhardlywalk,muchlessrun.Theyarealwaysshortofwatertodrink,muchlesstobathein.第62页/共94页下一页下一页上一页上一页Back返回课文1.Typical patterns for emphasizing sth.:原句原句:Normally,Americans do not assess their visitors in such a relaxed surroundings over extended small talk;muc

36、h less do they take them out for dinner,(L.27)一般来说，一般来说，美国人是不会美国人是不会在如此轻松的环境在如此轻松的环境里通过长时间的闲聊来里通过长时间的闲聊来评估他们的客人，更评估他们的客人，更不用说带他们出去吃饭不用说带他们出去吃饭,第63页/共94页句型提炼句型提炼下一页下一页上一页上一页（划线部分可替换）（划线部分可替换）返回课文 Sb.does not do sth.;much less does sb.do sth.else.某人不会做某人不会做/没有做某事，没有做某事，更不用说更不用说做其他的事。做其他的事。参考参考book pag

37、e 11.Back第64页/共94页1)她连水都不愿意喝一口，更别提留下来吃饭了。她连水都不愿意喝一口，更别提留下来吃饭了。Shewouldnttakeadrink,muchlesswouldshestayfordinner.Wouldnt take a drink Wouldnt take a drink Much lessMuch less第65页/共94页5.Sincewegenerallyassessandprobeprofessionallyratherthansocially,westarttalkingbusinessveryquickly.(Para.4)Meaning:Sin

38、ceweinmostcasesevaluateourvisitorsandaskthemquestionsfromaprofessionalpointofviewinsteadofasocialone,westarttalkingwhatisourconcernveryquickly(andthereisnoneedinoureyestospendtimeonsmalltalk）第66页/共94页Para.5 Consequently,we work hard at the task of saving time.We produce a steady flow of labor-saving

39、 devices;we communicate rapidly through faxes,phone calls or emails rather than through personal contacts,which though pleasant,take longerespecially given our traffic-filled streets.We,therefore,save most personal visiting for after-work hours or for social weekend gatherings.句型句型词汇学习词汇学习 课文分析课文分析

40、随随 笔笔 第67页/共94页6)我我们们已已经经在在这这个个项项目目上上投投入入了了大大量量的的时时间间和和精精力，所以我们只能继续。力，所以我们只能继续。Wehavepouredintomuchtimeandenergyontheproject.Consequently,wehavetocarryon.PourintoMuchtimeandenergy第68页/共94页短语应用短语应用 词组互译词组互译 随随 笔笔 2.用于强调用于强调“对对某人做事的辩证某人做事的辩证分析分析”Sb.do sth.by/through rather than by/through,which,though

41、+adj,especially given 第69页/共94页人获得知识要靠勤奋而不是靠投机。尽管人获得知识要靠勤奋而不是靠投机。尽管后者更省力，但却是一种自我欺骗，特别后者更省力，但却是一种自我欺骗，特别是考虑到未来职业的需要。是考虑到未来职业的需要。Back创创 新新 应应 用用acquire knowledge/through diligence/through trickery/free from hard work/a self-deception/the demand of future careerOne should acquire knowledge through dili

42、gence rather than through trickery,which,though free from hard work,is a self-deceptionespecially given the demand of future career.意意 群群 提提 示示新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野 短短短短短短 语语语语语语 应应应应应应 用用用用用用N H C EBack课文课文预习预习写作写作导入导入第70页/共94页Para.6a To us the impersonality of electronic communication has little or n

43、o relation to the significance of the matter at hand.In some countries no major business is conducted without eye contact,requiring face-to-face conversation.In America,too,a final agreement will normally be signed in person.However,people are meeting increasingly on television screens,conducting te

44、leconferences to settle problems not only in this country but alsoby satelliteinternationally.句型句型词汇学习词汇学习 课文分析课文分析 随随 笔笔 第71页/共94页短语应用短语应用 词组互译词组互译 随随 笔笔 3.用于表述用于表述“两两种人在事物认识种人在事物认识上的鲜明反差上的鲜明反差”To some,sth.has little relation to sth.else.To others,nothing can be done without(doing)sth.else.第72页/共94

45、页在一些人看来，真爱与财富的数量无多大关系；在一些人看来，真爱与财富的数量无多大关系；然而在另一些人看来，没有充足的金钱免谈爱情。然而在另一些人看来，没有充足的金钱免谈爱情。Back创创 新新 应应 用用the amount of wealth/adequate money/no access to sth./be allowedTo some people,true love has little relation to the amount of wealth.To others,no access to love can be allowed without adequate money

46、.意意 群群 提提 示示新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野新视野 短短短短短短 语语语语语语 应应应应应应 用用用用用用N H C EBack课文课文预习预习写作写作导入导入第73页/共94页Para.7 The US is definitely a telephone country.Almost everyone uses the telephone to conduct business,to chat with friends,to make or break social appointments,to say“Thank you”,to shop and to obtain all k

47、inds of information.Telephones save the feet and endless amounts of time.This is due partly to the fact that the telephone service is superb here,whereas the postal service is less efficient.第74页/共94页4)他他们们利利润润增增长长的的部部分分原原因因是是采采用用了了新新的的市市场场策策略。略。Theirincreaseinprofitispartlyduetonewmarketstrategy.In

48、crease in profitIncrease in profitBepartlyduetoNewmarketstrategy第75页/共94页3)这个星期你每天都迟到，对这个星期你每天都迟到，对此此你怎么解释？。你怎么解释？。Howdoyouaccountforthefactthatyouhavebeenlateeverydaythisweek?Be late,Be late,注意时态注意时态Accountfor第76页/共94页2)他认为我在对他说谎，但实际上我讲的是实话。他认为我在对他说谎，但实际上我讲的是实话。HethoughtIwaslyingtohim,whereasIwaste

49、llingthetruth.Lie to him Lie to him whereaswhereasTellthetruth第77页/共94页5)这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率的提高。这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率的提高。Suchmeasuresarelikelytoresultintheimprovementofworkefficiency.BelikelytoresultinTheimprovementofworkefficiency第78页/共94页英语阅读中的“因果关系”因：because,for,as,since,inthat果：sothat,therefore,consequent

50、ly,asaresult.隐性因果逻辑词：因-果：leadtogiverisetoresultinmakeletstimulate/fuel/produce果-因：resultfromderivefromoriginatefromstemfrom第79页/共94页theincreasedpressuresofexpandingpopulationhave ledtotheremovalofwoodyplantssothatmanycitiesandtownsaresurroundedbylargeareascompletelylackingintrees.第80页/共94页Thismusica