2023年中考英语时事热点阅读专练热点40人类火星探测的新进展(学生版+解析版).pdf

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1、2023 年中考英语时事热点阅读专练 热点 40 人类火星探测的新进展 一、阅读理解 1 For a long time,humans have used technology(科技)to study the world around us,and Mars is the latest place were using machines to explore.Besides the earth,the“red planet”is seen,as the one place in our solar system most likely to have life.Early last month

2、,the first American robot,Spirit,landed on Mars without any problem.Opportunity,the second robot,landed on the planet more than a week ago.Scientists are very excited about these machines safe landing on Mars.It means that now we have an excellent chance to look for water and other signs of life.So

3、far,the robots have found some stones that could show Mars was once a wet and warm planet.But the trips made by Spirit and Opportunity were dangerous.Mars is often called the“death planet”,because in the past its environment has been unfriendly to the robot explorers.Before Spirit and Opportunity,ne

4、arly forty spaceships had been sent to Mars since the 1960s.Two-thirds of them failed.The first spaceship,Korabl,sent in 1962 by Russia was among them.It broke apart(分裂)near the earth.1.For a long time humans think _.A.they can surely find life on Mars B.there may be life on Mars C.its too late for

5、them to explore Mars now D.Mars is the only planet that has life on it 2.The two robots _.A.have found out that it is warm and wet on Mars B.were sent to Mars to find some stones C.were the first two American robots that landed on Mars D.are the only machines that have landed on Mars so far 3.The th

6、ird paragraph mainly tell us _.A.its a very hard and dangerous trip for spaceships to Mars B.two-thirds of the spaceships sent to Mars have failed C.Spirit and Opportunity landed on Mars successfully D.Mars is called the“death planet”2 After traveling more than seven months in space,Tianwen 1 is one

7、 step closer to Mars!Tianwen 1,Chinas first Mars probe,successfully entered Mars orbit(轨道)in February,according to the China National Space Administration(CNSA).It will stay in orbit for about three months before landing on the red planet.A small step on the red planet will be a big step for human b

8、eings.Humans have launched 46 Mars exploration missions since October 1960,but only 19 of them have been successful,according to China Daily.Its Chinas first spacecraft to Mars,and the missions are rather ambitious.Tianwen 1 aims to achieve“orbiting,landing,and roving(环绕，着陆，巡视)”all in one journey,wh

9、ich will make the country the worlds first to achieve all three goals with one probe,mission scientists said.Among the three tasks,touchdown on the red planet is the most difficult.The result mainly depends on the“breathtaking(惊险的)seven minutes”to make sure Tianwen 1 land safely,according to the Glo

10、bal Times.February was Mars month.NASAs Perseverance Rover(毅力号火星车)landed on Mars on Feb 19,and Chinas Tianwen 1 and United Arab Emirates Hope Probe have arrived within orbit of the red planet.Although the three countries started their Mars journeys at almost the same time,their missions vary.Hope Pr

11、obe successfully entered the orbit of Mars on Feb 9.Perseverance will collect samples(样品)of rock and soil for further research.Tianwen 1s ultimate goal is to land a rover on Mars in May or June,and it will carry out scientific research on Mars soil,environment,water and so on.“When we step into the

12、far planets of the solar system,the magnitude(量)of the resources and timeline required will take global action,”a US official said,highlighting(强调)the importance of international cooperation(合作)in space.4.Tianwen 1 aims to achieve _ to set a record in Mars exploration.A.landing a rover on the red pl

13、anet B.bringing back samples from Mars C.staying in orbit around Mars for months D.orbiting,landing and roving with one probe 5.The underlined word“it”in Paragraph 4 refers to _.A.Hope Probe B.Perseverance C.Mars D.Tianwen 1 6.Whats the biggest challenge that Tianwen 1 is facing in space?A.Achieving

14、 a safe landing.B.Lack(缺乏)of the resources and timeline.C.Collecting samples of rock and soil.D.Completing entering the orbit of Mars.7.What can we learn about Tianwen 1?A.It is expected to land on Mars in May or June.B.It will spend 10 months preparing for its landing.C.Its one of the 46 successful

15、 Mars exploration missions.D.Its the worlds first probe to enter the orbit around Mars.8.What can we infer(推测)from the US officials words in the last paragraph?A.Space exploration calls for global cooperation.B.There are risks(危险)in exploring other planets.C.Tianwen 1 will reach other planets beside

16、s Mars.D.Exploring space takes considerable(相当大的)time and resources.3 Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System(太阳系).Sometimes Mars is also called the“Red Planet”.Mars is the second closest to Earth and it is easy to see in the night sky.Like Earth,it

17、has clouds,winds,seasonal weather and mountains and other familiar features.A day on Mars is about 24 hours and 37 minutes,while a day on Earth is about 23 hours and 56 minutes.Humans have started to explore Mars since the 1960s.Elon Musk,the founder and CEO of Space X,is considering getting people

18、to go to Mars and finally setting up a base that can serve as an actual city,supporting one million people there.To build a city on Mars,rockets should be sent to Mars continually until there are enough resources(资源).The SpaceX team will build rockets that are able to be used 1,000 times.With the ro

19、ckets,spaceships with people and things will be sent to Mars.The spaceship is central to the plan.Each spaceship can carry up to 100 people and about 450 tons of things at a time and it will take about 80 days to get to Mars.To support the project,SpaceX is going to build 1,000 spaceships.Because it

20、 is really cold on Mars,human-friendly living spaces will be built under ground.On the ground,spaces will be built with special glass with plant life inside,where humans could walk around without spacesuits(宇航服).As for food,plants could grow in water instead of soil on solar-powered farms.“There is

21、a good chance that we will not succeed,”Elon Musk says,“but we are going to do our best and try to make as much progress as possible.”Lets hope that we will live a better life on Mars in the future.9.What do we know about Mars?A.Its the fourth closest to Earth.B.It cant be seen in the night sky.C.It

22、s the second planet from the Sun.D.It has something in common with Earth.10.What is Musks final plan?A.To build rockets to fly people to Mars.B.To have one million people live on Mars.C.To carry things from Mars back to Earth.D.To make Mars a place for people to have fun.11.How long will it take for

23、 a spaceship to fly to Mars?A.23 days.B.80 days.C.100 days.D.450 days.12.How does Musk feel about the plan?A.It is a piece of cake.B.It is sure to succeed.C.He may not make it but others will.D.He knows it may fail but he will try.4 China has named the nations first Mars rover（火星车）ZhuRong.For all of

24、 us,Zhu Rong is a well-suited name.In an ancient Chinese story,Zhu Rong had the face of a man and the body of an animal.H rode on two dragons.When he had a big fight with Gong Gong,the god of water,Zhu Rong won.But after the fight,the human world came into complete darkness.Then he brought fire from

25、 heaven（天国）to the world.“Zhu Rong is regarded as the earliest god of fire in traditional Chinese culture,”a space official said.“The first Mars rover was named Zhu Rong.The name symbolizes（象征）light and hope for space exploration（探索）in our country,and means to guide humans to continue exploration.”Af

26、ter leaving the earth last summer,Zhu Rong circled Mars for several months and landed on it in May.In recent years,our country has sent up the worlds first quantum satellite（量子卫星）,and Change-4 has made a soft landing on the moon.We have made great progress in space technology and will soon start bui

27、lding our own space station.13.What Zhu Rong brought from heaven to the world was _.A.fire B.wars C.water D.animals 14.For Chinas space exploration,the name Zhu Rong symbolizes _.A.a big fight B.complete darkness C.light and hope D.Chinese culture 15.The underlined word“it”in the last paragraph refe

28、rs to“_”.A.the earth B.Mars C.the moon D.the sun 16.According to the passage,we can infer that _.A.Zhu Rong is a bad person in an ancient Chinese story B.China has made great progress in space technology C.the writer is proud of Chinas space technology D.the official doesnt like the name Zhu Rong 5

29、Tianwen I is Chinas first Mars probe（火星探测器）.Where does the name come from?Do you still remember Qu Yuan,a famous poet in ancient China?He loved his motherland very much.His long poem“Heavenly Questions（天问）”expresses the continual hard work and the great spirit of the Chinese nation to science.That i

30、s why Tianwen I was officially named,which is quite cultural and beautiful.On July 14,2020.Tianwen I arrived at the Wenchang Space Launch Site（发射站）in Hainan Province.The space probe Tianwen I based off（发射升空）at 12:41 p.m.on July 23,2020,carrying a Long March 5 carrier rocket（长征 5 号运载火箭）.It took Tianw

31、en I about seven months to travel to Mars.The Chinas Mars rover（火星车）,Zhurong moved from is landing platform（平台）onto the surface of the Red Planet at 10:40 a.m.on May 15th,2021,starting is exploration（探险旅程）around the landing site.The 240-kilogram robot was sent into the sky to survey Mars landforms,g

32、eography situation,and something about water,ice,environment and other physical fields.Before Tianwen I,no country had ever tried to send an orbiter（运行器）,a lander and a rover in one single expedition（考察）to Mars.17.Which country is Tianwen I Mars probe from?A.China.B.America.C.Canada.D.Japan.18.Why w

33、as the first Mars probe here given the name,Tianwen I?A.Because of a book written by Li Bai.B.Because of a poem written by Qu Yuan.C.Because of a famous scientist.D.Because of a well-known engineer.19.When was Tianwen I sent into the space?A.On June 23,2020.B.On June 24,2020 C.On July 23,2020.D.On J

34、uly 24,2020.20.How long did it take Tianwen I to travel to Mars?A.About 3 months.B.About 5 months.C.About 7 months D.About 9 months.21.What does the Mars rover,Zhurong survey on Mars?A.Landforms and geography situation.B.Something about water,ice and environment.C.Other physical fields.D.All of the

35、above.6 Will humans someday live and work on Mars（火星）?Many scientists think so.In fact,they are already working on plans to turn Mars into a new Earth.Humans need three basic things to live:water to drink,air to breathe and food to eat.Because of the shortage of those above,it is impossible to live

36、on Mars right now.Then how can we make Mars a right place for humans to live on?The answer is to change the environment of the planet so that it is similar to Earths.On Mars,the temperature is about 60.So one of the main purposes is to warm it up.One idea for warming Mars comes from a problem here o

37、n Earth climate change.Most scientists agree that Earth is becoming warmer because of increased levels of greenhouse gases（气体）in our atmosphere（大气）.We might create similar conditions on Mars by building factories that give off greenhouse gases.The gas will change the atmosphere on Mars.Rain will fal

38、l,and it may be possible to grow plants for food.There will be many difficulties in changing Mars.The program could take many centuries,and the cost will be high.We have some of the technology,such as the ability to create greenhouse gases,but not the money.Anyway,life on Mars is a real possibility

39、for future people.22.The writer writes this article to_.A.talk about living conditions on Mars at present B.talk about difficulties people meet with on Mars C.introduce plans to turn Mars into our future home D.introduce scientists discovery about our atmosphere 23._is the key to warming Mars.A.Rain

40、 B.Plant C.Money D.The greenhouse gas 24.What can be inferred（推断）from the passage?A.Money is one of the difficulties to hold back the program.B.Mars is the only planet for humans to live on in the future.C.It is possible for people to live on Mars in the near future.D.Technology can change Mars into

41、 a right place to live on now.二、完型填空 阅读下面短文,掌握大意,然后从等题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。Alyssa Carson is a 17-year-old girl.She dreams of being the 25 person to Mars,and she knows that no one has ever been there so far.When she was three,she was interested in becoming a(n)26 .At that time,there was a popular

42、cartoon called Backyardigans.The characters in the cartoon had been to Mars for many times.The journeys were full of risks,27 they tried to search for strange information from it.When Alyssa was watching,she felt so 28 that she really wanted to be one of them.After knowing the serious pollution and

43、large population on the earth,Alyssa thinks people may need to 29 another planet to live on in the future.She also thinks Mars is a good place to live on.Thats because it is a planet similar to the earth in some ways.Alyssa 30 to go to Mars and work in the field of astrobiology.Alyssa is crazy about

44、 her dream.To make her dream come true,she 31 studying and training as hard as she can.She is the first person in the world to have completed all three NASA Space Camps,and she has got a 32 of becoming part of the first human mission to Mars in the year 2033.She will spend two or three years doing s

45、omething on Mars,like growing food,doing science experiments and searching for signs of life.For Alyssa,the biggest challenge is time and getting everything done at such a(n)33 age.Alyssa is positive and has a strong will.She often encourages other young people,“34 follow your dream and dont let any

46、one take it from you.”As someone says,she is doing the right things and taking the right steps.25.A.first B.second C.third D.fourth 26.A.artist B.astronaut C.doctor D.scientist 27.A.so B.and C.or D.but 28.A.relaxed B.excited C.nervous D.sad.29.A.think about B.set up C.look for D.wait for 30.A.hurrie

47、s B.expects C.agrees D.forgets 31.A.keeps B.enjoys C.finishes D.practices 32.A.dream B.choice C.promise D.chance 33.A.old B.middle C.young D.small 34.A.Never B.Always C.Often D.Sometimes 三、短文首字母填空 Some people believe that humans could live on the planet Mars by the year 2100.Our own planet,the Earth

48、,is becoming more and more c35.and polluted because of the increase in population.It is hoped that people could start to b36.a better world on Mars.Here is what life there could be like.At present,our spaceship are too slow to carry large numbers of passengers to Mars-it would take months,with the d

49、evelopment of t37.,by the year 2100,the journey might only take about 20 minutes in spaceship that travel at the speed of light!However,the spaceship would travel so fast that the journey to Mars might be quite uncomfortable.Many people would f38.ill.Humans cannot survive(活下来)without water,oxygen or

50、 f39.So far,nobody knows whether there would be enough water or oxygen on Mars for people there.Moreover,scientists are not sure whether plants could g40.on Mars.Food would most probably be in the form of pills(药丸)and would not be so tasty.Gravity(重力)could be a41.problem.The gravity on Mars is only