名词性从句的考点课件.ppt

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1、名词性从句名词性从句考点归纳考点归纳His success in the competition made us happy.That he succeeded in the competition in the game made us happy.一个句子，一个句子，在连词的引导下，在另一个句子中充在连词的引导下，在另一个句子中充当名词使用，叫名词从句。当名词使用，叫名词从句。1.The fact that Great Britain is made up of 3 countries is still unknown to many.2.The result of this French

2、 influence was that the English language ended up with many French words.3.That most of these are now threatened and may disappear is a serious matter to the people in Britain.4.Some people know that Wales is and ancient fairy land.Noun clauses(1)主语从句主语从句在句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句。在句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句。That he wil

3、l come is certain.Whether it will please them is not easy to say.主语从句后置主语从句后置!为避免主语冗长为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻句子头重脚轻,经常用经常用it作形式主语作形式主语,主语从句放后面作真正主语主语从句放后面作真正主语.That we shall be late is certain.-Its certain that we shall be late.用用it形式主语常有以下四种不同的搭配：形式主语常有以下四种不同的搭配：1 It+be+形容词形容词 that从句从句It is necessary/importa

4、nt/obvious+that 2 It+be+-ed分词分词 that从句从句It is believed/reported/suggested+that 3 It+be+名词名词 that从句从句 It is a pity/shame/fact+that 4 It+不及物动词不及物动词 主语从句主语从句It happens that.碰巧碰巧It occurred to me that 我突然想起我突然想起（2）宾语从句）宾语从句I wonder who you are.I find it necessary that we should do the work.Im interested

5、 in what you are saying.Im afraid(that)I have to go now.宾语从句中连接词宾语从句中连接词that在以下三种情况下不能省略：在以下三种情况下不能省略：（1 当当that 从句与其他从句并列作宾语时，从句与其他从句并列作宾语时，_不能省；不能省；（2 当当that从句作从句作_宾语时，宾语时，that不可省掉。不可省掉。（3 用用_的宾语从句的宾语从句,that不可省不可省Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.The reason lies in that she works

6、 harder than the others do.最后一个宾语从句的最后一个宾语从句的that引导词引导词介词介词it做了形式宾语做了形式宾语(3)表语从句表语从句The truth is that he has never been to the countryside.This school is no longer what it was before.It looks as if it were going to rain.The reason why you was punished was that you hadnt finished your homework.(4)同位语

7、从句同位语从句 跟在某些名词后面，对该名词作进一步解释说明。跟在某些名词后面，对该名词作进一步解释说明。常用名词有常用名词有belief,fact,idea,hope,news,doubt,thought,information,opinion,suggestion,order,demand,wish等等They forget the fact that Canada is 5,500 kilometres from coast to coast.Word came that he has passed the driving test is true.There is no doubt th

8、at he will keep his promise.引导同位语从句的连词最常见的是引导同位语从句的连词最常见的是_，它在句子中无实际它在句子中无实际_，在句中不作，在句中不作_；若同位语从句意义不完整，需要有若同位语从句意义不完整，需要有“是否是否”含义时，含义时，应用应用_；在在no idea,problem,question等词后的同位语等词后的同位语从句常用从句常用_引导引导含疑问意思的词含疑问意思的词that意思意思成分成分whetherWe will discuss the problem whether the sports meeting be held on time I

9、have no idea when he will be back.We havent yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.名词性从句点多面广，是每年高考必考要点之一。名词性从句点多面广，是每年高考必考要点之一。其考点概括如下：其考点概括如下：一、名词性从句的语序一、名词性从句的语序;二、名词性从句的二、名词性从句的引导词引导词;三、名词性从句的时态三、名词性从句的时态;四、名词性从句相关提示四、名词性从句相关提示.一、名词性从句的语序一、名词性从句的语序一、名词性从句的语序一、名词性

10、从句的语序名词性从句都应用陈述语序名词性从句都应用陈述语序，即把引导词放在从，即把引导词放在从句开头句开头,后边采用后边采用“主语主语+谓语谓语”结构；结构；You dont know how happy they were to see you.高考真题例示：高考真题例示：The photographs will show you _A.what does our village look like B.what our village looks like C.how does our village look like D.how our village looks like Someo

11、ne is ringing the doorbell.Go and see _.A.who is he B.who he is C.who is it D.who it is BD二、名词性从句的引导词二、名词性从句的引导词一一 名词性从句连接词有名词性从句连接词有1 连接词：连接词：that whether 和和 if在从句中不做成分，只起连接作用在从句中不做成分，只起连接作用that无词义，无词义，whether 和和 if表示表示“是否是否”2 连接代词有：连接代词有：who whom what which whose等等 在从句中要做相应成分（主，宾，表，定语）在从句中要做相应成分（主

12、，宾，表，定语）有词义（谁，谁的，哪一个，什么东西）有词义（谁，谁的，哪一个，什么东西）3 连接副词有：连接副词有：when where why how 等等在从句中做状语，有词义（何时，何地，为何，怎样）在从句中做状语，有词义（何时，何地，为何，怎样）表语从句还可用表语从句还可用as if/though,because等引导等引导4 疑问词的疑问词的ever形式形式(whatever whoever,however,whichever)等等 也可引导主语和宾语从句。也可引导主语和宾语从句。多了多了“无论，任何无论，任何”的意思的意思怎样确定引导词怎样确定引导词第一步找出从句部分，判断从句类型

13、以及缺什么第一步找出从句部分，判断从句类型以及缺什么成分。确定其是否属于名词性从句。成分。确定其是否属于名词性从句。如果缺主宾表，在连接代词中选，其他按句子所如果缺主宾表，在连接代词中选，其他按句子所需意思就可确定。需意思就可确定。依据依据“缺什么补什么缺什么补什么”原则确定正确的连词原则确定正确的连词。如果从句中缺主语，指人用如果从句中缺主语，指人用_，指物用指物用_；如缺宾语，指人用；如缺宾语，指人用_，指物用指物用_；范围中的哪个用；范围中的哪个用_;whowhatwho/whomwhatwhich如缺时间状语用如缺时间状语用_；地点状语用；地点状语用_；原；原因状语用因状语用_；方式状

14、语用；方式状语用_；缺定语用缺定语用_,偶尔也会用偶尔也会用what或或which来修饰来修饰名词；名词；什么都不缺用什么都不缺用_，只缺只缺“是否，好像，因为是否，好像，因为等等”意思时，对应的用意思时，对应的用whether/if,as if,becausewhenwherewhyhowwhosethat练习练习 P238二、名词性从句的几种引导词的区别二、名词性从句的几种引导词的区别1.that和和what;2考查考查whether与与if的区别的区别 3 考查名词性从句中的疑问词考查名词性从句中的疑问词+ever引导的名词性引导的名词性从句与从句与no matter+疑问词引导的状语从

15、句的区别疑问词引导的状语从句的区别1.that和和what;二者都可以引导这些从句，主要区别在于：二者都可以引导这些从句，主要区别在于：that是连词是连词只起连接作用只起连接作用，不作句子成分，不作句子成分,而而what是连接代词，既是连接代词，既起连接作用，又充当句子成分。起连接作用，又充当句子成分。What he said at the meeting made us surprised.She expressed the hope that they would come to China one day.高考真题例示：高考真题例示：1._we cant get seems bette

16、r than _we have.(NMET1996)A.What;what B.What;that C.That;that D.That;what2.No one can be sure _ in a million years.(MET1991)A.what man will look like B.what will man look like C.man will look like what D.what look will man like 3._ you have done might do harm to other people.(MET 1987)A.That B.What

17、C.Whether D.How4._ you dont like him is none of my business.(上海上海1992)A.What B.Who C.That D.WhetherAABC2.if与与whether:常用常用whether不用不用if的几种情况：的几种情况：(1)引导主语从句引导主语从句(位于句首位于句首)、表语从句、同位语从句时，、表语从句、同位语从句时，只能用只能用whether。(2)作介词的宾语时，只能用作介词的宾语时，只能用whether。(3)其后有其后有or not 时，只能用时，只能用whether。(4)与不定式连用时，只能用与不定式连用时，

18、只能用whether。(6)宾语从句是否定句时，只能用宾语从句是否定句时，只能用whether。例例1._well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.(NMET1996)A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where2.What the doctors really doubt is _my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.(上海上海2001)A.when B.how C.whether D.why3._ she said suggested that she h

19、adnt decided_ to go or not.A.What,if B.That;whether C.What;whether D.What;whichever BCC3.考查名词性从句中的疑问词考查名词性从句中的疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句与引导的名词性从句与no matter+疑问词引导的状语从句的区别疑问词引导的状语从句的区别 no matter+wh-结构结构只能引导让步状语从句只能引导让步状语从句，疑问词疑问词+ever形式形式既可引导名词性从句也可以引导让步状既可引导名词性从句也可以引导让步状语，此时可与语，此时可与no matter+疑问词互换；疑问词互换；Whoeve

20、r breaks the rule must be punished.Whoever breaks the rule，he must be punished.(=No matter who breaks.)Whichever(=no matter which)side wins,I shall be satisfied.高考真题例示：高考真题例示：例例1.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _he or she wants.(NMET1997)A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever例

21、例2._leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.(MET1988)A.Anyone B.The person C.Whoever D.Who例例3.Sarah hopes to have a friend of _shares her interests.(上海上海1995)A.anyone B.whomever C.whoever D.no matter whoBCC三、名词性从句的时态三、名词性从句的时态三、名词性从句的时态三、名词性从句的时态一般来说，这些从句的时态要一般来说，这些从句的时态要与主句的时态相呼应与主句的时态相呼应

22、，但应注意以下几点：但应注意以下几点：1.宾语从句表示客观事实或真理，从句常用一般现在时。宾语从句表示客观事实或真理，从句常用一般现在时。The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.2.主句谓语动词是表建议，要求，命令等语气的动词主句谓语动词是表建议，要求，命令等语气的动词（suggest,insist,demand,advise等）时，宾语从句等）时，宾语从句谓语用谓语用“should+动词原形动词原形”，其中，其中should可以省略。可以省略。We all insist that the boy(should)be s

23、ent to hospital.It was demanded that we should set off before daybreak.3.表示表示“建议、命令、要求建议、命令、要求”等意义的等意义的名词后接名词后接(如：如：advice,suggestion,order,demand)表语从句、表语从句、同位语从句同位语从句中也用中也用“should+动词原形动词原形”，其中，其中should可以可以省略。省略。The advice that she wait till next week is reasonable.His suggestion is that a medical t

24、eam be sent to the flooded area immediately.四、名词性从句相关提示四、名词性从句相关提示1考查考查it在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法高考真题例示：高考真题例示：例例1._ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.(NMET1995)A.There B.This C.That D.It2.It worried her a bit _her hair was turning grey.A.while B.i

25、f C.that D.for3.I hate _when people talk with their mouths full.(NMET1998)A.it B.that C.this D.them4.Does _ matter if he cant finish the job on time?(MET 1991)A.this B.that C.he D.it DCAD2 2 同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句与定语从句的区别一、比较：一、比较：The suggestion that we discuss the problem all over again is a good one.（

26、同位语从句）（同位语从句）（定语从句）（定语从句）The suggestion(that)he gave at the meeting was a good one.What is the suggestion?What is the suggestion?Which suggestion was a good one?Which suggestion was a good one?同位语从句是同位语从句是对前面的名词作进一步解释、说明对前面的名词作进一步解释、说明它它是什么、是谁；是什么、是谁；thatthat无实际意义，不充当句子成无实际意义，不充当句子成份，通常不能省略。份，通常不能省略

27、。常接同位语从句的词常接同位语从句的词belief,fact,idea,hope,wish,news,truth,doubt,thought,information,suggestion,advice,order,demand等等。等等。定语从句是定语从句是修饰前面的先行词；修饰前面的先行词；thatthat在句中充在句中充当主语或宾语，有实际意义，作宾语时可以省略。当主语或宾语，有实际意义，作宾语时可以省略。3 what引导主语从句时，引导主语从句时，主句谓语动词一般用单主句谓语动词一般用单数数，但如果，但如果表语是复数表语是复数名词，主句谓语动词名词，主句谓语动词用单用单复数均可复数均可。如：如：What we need is more time.What I have now is/are two books.4 否定转移否定转移当主句主语为第一人称，谓语动词为当主句主语为第一人称，谓语动词为think,believe,Suppose等词时，若宾语从句是否定句，要把否定等词时，若宾语从句是否定句，要把否定转移到主句部分。转移到主句部分。I dont think that he is right.