英汉翻译翻译标准过程精品文稿.ppt

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1、英汉翻译翻译标准过程第1页，本讲稿共21页I.TranslationCriterion（翻译的标准）vTranslation criterion is not only the principle to guide the translation practice but also the important measurement of translation criticism.第2页，本讲稿共21页Translation Criterion at Homev1.Yan Fus faithfulness,expressiveness and elegance v2.Lu Xuns fait

2、hfulness and smoothness v3.Fu Leis spiritual likenessv4.Qian Zhongshus sublimity(perfection)v5.Mao Duns artistic creative translationv“Faithfulness and Smoothness”is our criterion of translation teaching.第3页，本讲稿共21页Translation Criterion Abroadv1.Tytlers three principles of translation:v1)The transla

3、tion should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work.v2)The style and manner of translated version should be of the same character with that of the original.v3)The translation should have all the ease of original composition.第4页，本讲稿共21页v2.Eugene A.Nidas Dynamic Equivalence第5页，本讲稿

4、共21页II.Translation Process DeepStructure语义对应SurfaceStructureSourceLanguage原语（SL）SurfaceStructureReceptorLanguage译语（TL）理解 表达第6页，本讲稿共21页1.Comprehension(理解)v1)Comprehension of linguistic levelvLets look at some examples:v（1）The police went out in force to control the crowd.v译文1：警察出动武力去控制人群。v译文2：警察大批出动去

5、控制人群。第7页，本讲稿共21页v（2）On the walls were the posters proclaiming the goals of the New Society,the need for discipline,increased production.v （原译）墙上满是宣扬新社会目标的广告：加强纪律啦，增加生产啦。v （改译）墙上都是宣传画：新社会的目标啦、加强纪律啦、增产成绩啦。第8页，本讲稿共21页v（3）Bright clouds of mayvShade half the pond.v五月行云明丽v池塘浮影半掩。第9页，本讲稿共21页2）Comprehension

6、 of logical levelv（1）a legacy the Professor had left to me,of inestimable value,which could not buy,with which we cannot part.v 原译：这也是教授留给我的一份遗产。这份遗产价值连城，我们无法购买。一旦得到，便永远不能分开。v 改译：这是教授留给我的一份无价之宝，它无法用金钱买到，可一旦得到它，便会终生受益。第10页，本讲稿共21页v（2）This fish which is cheep but heavily contaminated has been forbidde

7、n to be sold.Many persons eating this fish died as a result of poison.v 这种鱼虽然便宜但受到严重污染，现已禁止出售。许多人因吃了这种鱼而中毒死亡。第11页，本讲稿共21页3）Comprehension of background knowledge levelv（1）A moon is singing in the sky,v And a yellow dog lies in the flower.v The moon(a bird)is shinning in the sky.v And a yellow dog(a t

8、ype of insect)lies under the flowers.v（2）John can be relied on.He eats no fish and plays the game.第12页，本讲稿共21页 2.Representation(表达)vLets look at the following two examples:v1)Their accent couldnt fool a native speaker.v表层：他们的口音不能愚弄本地人。v浅层：本地人是不会听不出他们是外乡人的。v深层：本地人一听他们的口音，便知道他们是外乡人。第13页，本讲稿共21页v2)John

9、 is tall like I am the Queen of Sheba.v表层：约翰高得像我是西巴皇后。v浅层：约翰高得话，我就是西巴皇后。v 深层：要说约翰个头高，没那回事！第14页，本讲稿共21页Literal translation(直译)v（1）Nothing could be done.v *.无事可以被做好.v （2）We saw an acrobat standing on his head.v *.我们看见一个杂技演员正站在他的头上.第15页，本讲稿共21页v（3）But I hated Sakamoto,and I had a feeling hed surely lea

10、d us both to our ancestors.v 但是，我恨坂本，并预感到他肯定会领着我们去见祖先去见祖先。v（4）Hitler was armed to the teeth when he launched the Second World War,but in a few years,he was completely defeated.第16页，本讲稿共21页Free Translation(意译)v（1）Ruth was upsetting the other children,so I showed her the door.v （2）The mills of God gri

11、nd slowly.v （3）Every miller draws water to his own mill.v （4）Too much water drowned the miller.第17页，本讲稿共21页3.ProofreadingTwo purposes for proofreading:v1)Add what is missed;v2)Correct what is mistranslated 第18页，本讲稿共21页Homework for todayv1.Why do we need translation criterion?v2.How many typical tran

12、slation criteria have been advanced by translation scholars both home and abroad?v3.How do you understand Yan Fus“faithfulness,expressiveness and elegance”?v4.What is the translation process?v5.How can we understand the original text thoroughly?第19页，本讲稿共21页v6.How can you handle well the literal translation and free translation when translating?v7.What are purposes of proofreading in translation?第20页，本讲稿共21页vThe End of Lecture TwovThank You!第21页，本讲稿共21页