2020届广州市恒福中学高三英语期中考试试题及答案解析.pdf

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1、20202020 届广州市恒福中学高三英语期中考试试题及答案解析届广州市恒福中学高三英语期中考试试题及答案解析第一部分第一部分阅读（共两节，满分阅读（共两节，满分4 40 0 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 1515 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项A AWhat are you waiting for?A new series of movies shown this year cant be missed.Have you enjoyed themalready?Frozen IIFroze

2、n was the highest grossing(票房)animated film ever.In Frozen II Elsa,Anna,Olaf and Krist left offArendelle to seek thesource of Elsas icy magic.Although the millions of children who loved the first film are oldernow,they might give it a reception.Last ChristmasA festive romantic comedy,Emilia Clarke s

3、tars in Last Christmas as Bridget Jonesy,a shop assistant,whoselife in London is a mess,and Henry Golding as the eligible bachelor(黄金单身汉)who tidies it up.The filmsdirector,Paul Feig,and co-writer,Emma Thompson,promise that the film is worth expecting.A Beautiful Day in the NeighborhoodTom Hanks star

4、s in A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood as the only American celebrity(名人)more famousthan he is.As the host of Mister Rogers Neighborhood for more than 30 years,Fred Rogers is a legend ofpre-school childrens television,which appeals to a large audience.Charlies AngelsHollywoodaction movies starring

5、 women are rare.But have you seen a movie starred,written and directed bywomen,too?Charlies Angels is one of the first.A reboot(翻拍)of the 1970s TV series,not to mention the twofilms from 2000 and 2003,the new version is directed by Elizabeth Banks.She also plays Bosley,one of the femaledetectives wh

6、o are employed by Charles Townsend to go on global adventures.1.Which moviebecame the most popular cartoon film this year?A.Frozen II.B.Last Christmas.C.A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood.D.Charlies Angels.2.Which character works on a TV station?A.Krist.B.Emilia Clarke.C.Fred Rogers.D.Bosley.3.Whic

7、h action movie was directed and starred by a woman?A.Frozen II.B.Last Christmas.C.A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood.D.Charlies Angels.BSome years ago a young man applied to a large United States optical firm for a job as a lens designer.Heapologized for lack of training,but on announcing that he o

8、wned two copies of the classic Conradys AppliedOptics and Optical Design,one for his office and a second for his bedside table,he was hired on the spot.Perhapsthe story will be repeated some day with Buchdahls Introduction to Hamiltonian Optics as a similar certificate ofqualification.Hamiltonian th

9、eory describes with powerful generality the overall properties of optical systems considered asblack boxes,although it does not describe the detailed structure needed to construct the systems and achievethese properties.Buchdahls book is therefore on the subject of geometrical optics,but itis not ab

10、out how todesign lenses.It is,however a compact comprehensive account of the fundamentals of the theory written withthe lens designers needs very much in mind.Every lens designer worth his salt has at some time in his careerattempted to apply the broad concepts of Hamiltonian optics to the solutions

11、 of practical problems.Success hasbeen sufficiently rare that the theory,as such,has made little direct contribution to techniques for opticalinstrument design.The failures have been frustrating because of the obvious fundamental power of the theoryand because of its conceptual elegance.The indirect

12、 effects have been large,however,both in contributing to anunderstanding of fundamental principles that govern the overall behavior of optical systems and in pointing theway to other,more practical,theoretical approaches.Buchdahl approaches the subject not only as a capable mathematical physicist,bu

13、t as one who with aknowledge of practical optics has made a significant contribution to geometrical optical theory.Buchdahlsapproach has,over the last decade,had a major impact on modern lens design with computers.Thus,he brings tothis exposition of Hamiltonian optics a familiarity with practical op

14、tics not usually found in authors on this subject.The author claims his book to be non-mathematical,and indeed it might be so viewed by a professionalmathematician.From the point of view of many physicists and engineers,it will appear to be quite mathematical.Moreover,this is a tightly written book.

15、The subject matter is developed with precision,and the author expectsthe reader,at very point,to be master of the preceding exposition.4.Hamiltonian theory met with failures as a result of _.A.newer finding related to the wave particle nature of lightB.very complicated concepts too difficult to unde

16、rstand by most lens designersC.too much mathematical detail in the theoryD.not enough practical information offered by the theory to allow for use by lens crafters5.The author of this passage implies that Introduction to Hamiltonian Optics is necessary to _.A.the students who are major in mathematic

17、al geometryB.those who want to grasp the basic principles of optical systemsC.the lens designers who look for instructions on practical designsD.those who are interested in physics6.The article points out that the great benefits of Hamiltonian optics have been found is _.A.indirect ways of learning

18、mathematicsB.a fundamental power within the theoryC.the conceptual elegance of the theoryD.the practical applications of the theory in finding new approaches to old problems7.This passage is probably excerpted from _.A.a review of a bookB.a chemistry textbookC.an opticians essayD.a general science t

19、extCBy mid-century there will likely be 9 billion people on the planet,using ever more resources and leading evermore technologically complex lives.What will our cities be like?How much will artificialintelligence(AI)advance?Will global warming cause disastrous changes,or will we be able to engineer

20、 our way out of the climate changeissues?Recently,the magazineBig Thinkasked top minds from a variety of fields to weigh in on what the futureholds 40 years from now.The result is as follows.Its likely that by 2050 the majority of the people in the world will live in urban areas and will have a much

21、higher average age than people today.Cities theorist Richard thinks urbanization will transform the educationsystem of,making our economy less houses driven and removing the divisions between home and work.And rapidly advancing technology will continue ever more rapidly.Cities of the future wont loo

22、k like“somesort of science-fiction fantasy”,but its likely that technological advances and information overlays(VR and AR)willgreatly change how we live.Self-driving cars will make the roads safer and provide faster transports.A largerversion of driverless cars-driverless trucks may make long-distan

23、ce drivers out of date.Some long view predictions are completelydire.Environmentalist Bill says that if we dont make greatprogress in fighting global warming,its likely we could see out-of-control rises in sea levels,huge crop shortfallsand wars over limited freshwater resources.In terms of how we w

24、ill eat,green markets founder and“real food supporter Nina believes that there will bemore small milk processing plants and more regional food operations and well be healthier as a result.New YorkTimeswriter Mark thinks that people will eat fewer processed foods and eat foods grown closer to where t

25、hey live.And more people will be aware of the ethical responsibility to grow foods.8.What may happen by 2050 based on the magazineBig Think?A.Education will be driven by economy.B.The majority of people will be taller.C.AI will cause disastrous changes.D.Most people will live in big cities.9.What do

26、 we know about technology in the future according to Paragraph 3?A.It will make people live in science-fiction fantasy.B.It will ensure safer transports due to faster cars.C.It will greatly change the way in which people live.D.It will increase the number of long-distance drivers.10.What does the un

27、derlined word dire in Paragraph 4 mean?A.Magical.B.Terrible.C.Ridiculous.D.Meaningful.11.What does Nina think of foods in the future?A.People will eat healthier and fresher foods.B.Land-raised farm systems will be improved.C.There will be smaller regional food operations,D.Food supplies will become

28、much more limited.DThere is an old Chinese proverb that states“One generation plants the trees;another gets the shade,”andthis is how it should be with mothers and daughters.The relationship between a mother and a daughter issometimes confusing.The relationship can be similar to friendship.However,t

29、he mother and daughterrelationship has unique characteristics that distinguish it from a friendship.These characteristics includeresponsibilities and unconditional love,whichprecludemothers and daughters from being best friends.Marina,27 years old,said,“I love spending time with my mom,but I wouldnt

30、 consider her my best friend.Best friends dont pay for your wedding.Best friends dont remind you how they carried you in their body andgave you life!Best friends dont tell you how wise they are because they have been alive at least 20 years longerthan you.”This doesnt mean that the mother and daught

31、er relationship cant be very close and satisfying.Thisgeneration of mothers and adult daughters has a lot in common,which increases the likelihood of sharedcompanionship.Mothers and daughters have always shared the common experience of being homemakers,responsible for maintaining(保持)and passing on f

32、amily values and traditions.Today contemporary mothers anddaughters also share the experience of work and technology,which may bring them even closer together.Best friends may ormay not continue to be best friends,but for better or worse;the mother and daughterrelationship is permanent,even if for s

33、ome unfortunate reason they arent speaking.Sometimes this is not anequal relationship.Daughters dont always feel responsible for their mothers emotional well-being.But mothersnever stop being mothers,which includes frequently wanting to protect their daughters and often feelingresponsible for their

34、happiness.The mother and daughter relationship is a relationship that is not replaceable byany other.Mothers always“trump(胜过)”friends.12.What does the underlined word“preclude”in paragraph 1 probably mean?A.differ.B.benefit.C.prevent.D.change.13.What can we learn from what Marina said?A.Best friends

35、 will not spend money on her wedding.B.Best friends will not remind her of important issues in life.C.Her mother is wiser on account of her age.D.Her mother is definitely not her best friend.14.Why can a mother and a daughter build a even closer relationship today?A.Because they share advanced techn

36、ology with each other.B.Because they work together to support the whole family.C.Because they experience the same values and traditions.D.Because they have common experience in life and work.15.What is the text mainly about?A.How to build a good mother and daughter relationship.B.A mother-daughter r

37、elationship is irreplaceable.C.Mothers want to be daughters friends.D.A daughter is a mothers best friend.第二节（共第二节（共 5 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 1 10 0 分）分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项It was midday on August24 inthe year 79._16_In the crowded market,shoppers cried and pointedatMount V

38、esuvius,the huge volcano near the city.Ash and smoke were shooting 30 kilometers into the sky fromthe volcano.The thick ash turned everything black.People couldnt see the sun.All the landmarks disappeared.The people could not see where to go or how to escape._17_Other people hid and became trapped i

39、ntheir homes.The ash did not stop falling.It got deeper and deeper,blocking doors and building.Around midnight,hot clouds of ash,rock,and harmful gas rushed down the mountain,and destroyedeverything in their way._18_The terrible eruption was finished.The ruins ofPompeiitoday are like a trip back in

40、time.The volcanic ash kept buildings,art and even the formsof people who died.You can see important buildings and beautiful homes where wealthy people used tolive._19_Bakeries still have bread in the oven.Kitchens a till have pots on the stove.Walls still have lovenotes,pictures,and other messages.N

41、ow,almost 2,000 years later,three million people Live near Vesuvius.Pompeiiis ancient history,but thevolcano will probably erupt again._20_They will try to warn peopleofan eruption and prevent anotherdisaster like the one that destroyedPompeii.A.You can also look into other peoples lives.B.Today,we

42、know a lot about that terribleday.C.Some people took money and ran for their lives.D.By 7 oclock the next morning,Vesuvius andPompeiiwere silent.E.There was a deafening noise,and the city ofPompeiistarted to shake.F.Pompeii was destroyed after a volcanic eruption killed thousands of people.G.No one

43、knows when it will happen,but scientists are watching the volcano very carefully.第二部分第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分语言运用（共两节，满分4545 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 2020 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项I was packing lunch for my two children.It was so early in the day that it was still_2

44、1_outside.It droveme crazy because I lacked_22_.Being a singlemom,I needed all the shut-eye I could get.So why wasIadding this_23_to my life?Its all because of a family_24_.I remember my grandmother telling me how she_25_leftovers(剩菜)for my grandfathers lunch.Healways_26_to come home starving._27_,a

45、fter much questioning,he admitted he hadbeen_28_half his lunch to a coworker.From then on,my grandmother always sent extra.My mom didnt have_29_to pack lunches for five kids in school,so we ate_30_food.Once,Ibroke school rules,_31_,Mom decided to pack my lunch to school,which consisted of_32_ahambur

46、ger and a cookie for several days.But by Friday,I found in my lunchbox my_33_egg saladsandwich and a giant jellyroll(卷筒蛋糕)with a note on top-Just in case you want to_34_.I wasin_35_as I offered slice after slice to my friends.As I went on packing lunch,I thought about the_36_it took for my grandpare

47、nts to share what littlefood they had.And my mother_37_to do the same.Even today,Thanksgiving day at her home alwaysincludes at least two guests who are_38_.Either leaves with a bag of leftovers and several dollars.Although our budget was_39_and unable for extras,by sharing the little we had,I was c

48、arrying on atradition,a lesson of kindness I could_40_to my own kids!21.A.darkB.brightC.stormyD.normal22.A.moneyB.sleepC.confidenceD.honour23.A.stressB.hopeC.identityD.sweet24.A.gatheringB.conflictC.traditionD.business25.A.boughtB.preparedC.searchedD.packed26.A.pretendedB.seemedC.intendedD.happened2

49、7.A.EventuallyB.GenerallyC.StrangelyD.Naturally28.A.breaking upB.paying offC.calling forD.giving away29.A.privilegeB.problemC.courageD.time30.A.bakeryB.standC.canteenD.cafe31.A.Even soB.What is moreC.If necessaryD.As a result32.A.partlyB.merelyC.slightlyD.hardly33.A.alternativeB.ordinaryC.favoriteD.

50、expensive34.A.abandonB.bargainC.shareD.return35.A.heavenB.tensionC.curiosityD.trouble36.A.appreciationB.responsibilityC.sacrificeD.intelligence37.A.refusedB.continuedC.affordedD.failed38.A.ambitiousB.homelessC.punctualD.speechless39.A.tightB.abundantC.compulsoryD.independent40.A.make use ofB.take on