高考英语阅读理解专题技巧训练试题.pdf

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1、创 作人：荧多莘日 期：二 O 二二 年 1 月 17 日高考英语阅读理解专题技巧训练高考英语阅读理解专题技巧训练创创 作人：作人：荧多莘荧多莘日日 期：期：二二 OO 二二二二 年年 1 1 月月 1717 日日阅读理解试题的测试目的：阅读理解试题的测试目的：考察考生的阅读理解才能、推理判断才能和概括归纳才能。考察考生英语知识掌握和直接运用英语的才能。阅读理解考点：阅读理解考点：1、理解主旨大意2、理解文中详细信息3、根据上下文推测生词的词义4、做出简单推理和判断5、理解文章的根本构造6、理解作者的意图和态度阅读理解命题特点：阅读理解命题特点：1、体裁多样，题材广泛。体裁：有记叙文、说明文、

2、议论文和应用文等多种体裁。题材：内容涉及到人物、故事、文化、社会、经济、广告、新闻、科普等多种题材。2、语段大都贴近生活，实用性强，具有强烈的时代气息。材料全部来自英语原版素材，语言原汁原味，浸透着英语为母语国家的文化气息。缺乏英语文化背景知识也是考生读不懂、读不快的重要原因。要努力多接触原文，培养对原文的良好语感和英语文化修养。3、题型多变，设问角度新颖。创 作人：荧多莘日 期：二 O 二二 年 1 月 17 日创 作人：荧多莘日 期：二 O 二二 年 1 月 17 日题型包括理解文章的主旨或者要点，理解文章中的信息细节，根据上下文推断生词意思，根据上下文做出简单的判断和推理，理解文章的写作

3、意图、作者的见解和态度等，设问角度新颖，文字流畅平易。0404、0505 两年的英语试卷阅读理解考察要点：两年的英语试卷阅读理解考察要点：细节理解主旨、归纳推测词义推断意图、观点20212021一共 9 题67,68,7261,63,69,57,60,73,75716256,57,58,62,63,69,74,7560,66,7059,61,64,65,67,72,73684、阅读理解编排由易到难，一般第一篇较易。5 篇选定的阅读文章的总字数都控制在2000个至 2400 个左右之间。2021 试卷阅读理解题总阅读量一共计2196 词其中文章 1469 词，试题 727 词。2021 年为 2

4、383 词其中文章1651 词，试题732 词，词数比去年少187 词。阅读技巧主旨大意理解主旨涉及文章段落的主题、中心思想、标题或者写作意图等，是作者在文章中要表达的核心内容，也是作者在文章中自始至终要说明的问题。主旨题的提问形式：1、Whats the story mainly about?2、What is the main idea of this passage?3、What is the best title of this passage?4、What is the authors main purpose?5、What topic is discussed in the pas

5、sage?6、The best title of this passage is_.创 作人：荧多莘日 期：二 O 二二 年 1 月 17 日创 作人：荧多莘日 期：二 O 二二 年 1 月 17 日7、The passage mainly tells us/deals with _.解答阅读理解主旨题的方法：解答阅读理解主旨题的方法：1 1、略读阅读法：、略读阅读法：要擅长捕捉主题句、关键词信息。要擅长捕捉主题句、关键词信息。主题句的位置：首句，文中或者末尾。主题句的位置：首句，文中或者末尾。例例 1:1:Kleptomania is an illness of the mind that

6、gives a person the desire tosteal.Such a person is not really a thief.They are sick and cannot help themselves.All small children act naturally and as they grow up they normally learn to controltheir actions.People with kleptomania for certain medical reasons have failed todevelop control over their

7、 desire to take things that do not belong to them.Withmedical help they may become normal citizens again.The things thata kleptomaniacsteals are seldom of great value.They often give away what they have stolen orcollect objects without using them.What is the title of the passage?What is the title of

8、 the passage?A.Young thievesB.Reasons for stealingD.A normal childs actionsC.An unusual illness例例 2:2:In the United States,old people who no longer have an income or who sufferfrom a loss of physical abilities are often forced to give up living alone.Theymust leave their homes and depend on someone

9、else to give them a place to live inand to take care of their physical needs;they must either live with relatives orlive in homes for the aged.This loss of independence is a major problem for theaged.创 作人：荧多莘日 期：二 O 二二 年 1 月 17 日创 作人：荧多莘日 期：二 O 二二 年 1 月 17 日Which of the following best expresses the

10、main idea?Which of the following best expresses the main idea?A.Old people in the US who are poor or sick cannot live alone.B.Being unable to live alone is a serious problem for old people in the US.C.Old people who are poor or sick should live with their relatives,not in homesfor the aged.D.In the

11、US,old people who are poor or sick are forced to live in homes forthe aged.例例 3:3:Whats the best way for you,as an employer,to deliver bad news to anemployee?First of all,you have to break the news yourself,face to face with therecipient承受者.You cant writememos to tell people they will not get raised

12、this year or that they have made an error or are not performing as well as expected.You have to show them how you feel about the matter and that you are personally sorryand sympathize with them.If you indicate that you are ready to listen to theirreactions to your bad news,you will undoubtedly save

13、yourself from their wrath.Above all,you must be ready for an emotional reaction from the recipient of badnews.Give people time to digest your news and to control the emotion they invariablyfeel.Although it is never easy to break bad news,if you follow these steps,youwill at least soften the blow.The

14、 authors main idea is that _.A.bad news is hard to impartB.all employers have to criticize their employees创 作人：荧多莘日 期：二 O 二二 年 1 月 17 日创 作人：荧多莘日 期：二 O 二二 年 1 月 17 日C.there are ways of softening the impact of bad newsD.people respond emotionally to bad newsThe authors main idea is expressed _.A.in th

15、e first sentenceB.in the last sentenceD.nowhereC.in the middle of the paragraphThe authors main idea is supported by _.A.examples of employers giving bad newsB.a list of reasons for having go break bad newsC.sympathy for both the employer and employeeD.instructions on how to soften the blow of bad n

16、ews2 2、对于没有主题句的段落或者没有主题段的文章，对于没有主题句的段落或者没有主题段的文章，宜采用提纲挈领法，宜采用提纲挈领法，或者综合概括法。或者综合概括法。从详细的细节阐述中提挈出要点，概括出文章的中心。从详细的细节阐述中提挈出要点，概括出文章的中心。例例 1:1:Moscow,Russia(Space news)“The computer is a better chess player,insisted Victor Prozorov,the loser.“It seemed as if it were laughing after everygood move.I know t

17、hat I should have beaten it for the sake of mankind,but I justcouldnt win,he announced and shook his head sadly.Prozorovs disappointment was shared by several grand masters that were present,some of whom were upset that they shouted at the machine.Many chess players saidthat this meant the end of ch

18、ampionships around the world,since the fun had beentaken out of the game.The computer walked,or rather,rolled away with 5,000 dollars in prize money创 作人：荧多莘日 期：二 O 二二 年 1 月 17 日创 作人：荧多莘日 期：二 O 二二 年 1 月 17 日and limited its marks to a set of noises and lights.Which of the following best gives the main

19、 ides of this newspaper article?Which of the following best gives the main ides of this newspaper article?A.5,000 dollars goes to a computer!B.New invention:a laughing computer!C.Worlds best chess player beaten!D.Computer defeats man in chess!例例 2:2:Not everyone in the world requires the same amount

20、 of living space.Theamount of space a person needs around him is a cultural difference,not an economicone.Knowing you own psychological space needs is important because they stronglyaffect you choices,including,for example,thenumber of bedrooms in the home.Ifyou were brought up in a two-child family

21、 and both you and your sister or brotherhad your own bedrooms,the chances are,if you have two children or more,that youalso will offer separate bedrooms for them.In America,for example,they trainpeople to want to have their own rooms bygiving them their own rooms when they arebabies.This is very rar

22、e in the world.In many other countries,the baby sleepsin the same bed with his parents or in bed near them.The space in the home also shows a lot about psychological space needs.Somefamilies gather closer to each other and the size of their house has nothing to dowith it.Others have separate little

23、corners where family members go to be alone.Although it is truethat psychological space needs arenot decided by economicreasons,they sometimeshave to be changed a little because of economicpressures.创 作人：荧多莘日 期：二 O 二二 年 1 月 17 日创 作人：荧多莘日 期：二 O 二二 年 1 月 17 日It is almost impossible,however,to complete

24、ly change your psychological spaceneeds.The best title for the passage is _.The best title for the passage is _.A.American Way of LivingB.Psychological SpaceC.Space Needs in Different countriesD.Psychological Space and Economic Pressure例例 3:3:Handshaking,though a European practice,is now often seen

25、in big citiesof China.Nobody knows exactly when the practice started in Europe.It is said thatlong long ago in Europe when people met,they showed their unarmed hands to eachother as a sign of goodwill.As time went on and trade in cities grew rapidly,peoplein cities began to clap each others hands to

26、 make a deal or to reach an agreement.This practice was later changed into shaking hands among friends on meeting orleaving each other.“Lets shake hands on it sometimes means agreement reached.This paragraph mainly tells us _.This paragraph mainly tells us _.A.where shaking hands was first practiced

27、B.how handshaking came aboutC.about the relationship between handshaking and tradeD.about the practice of handshaking both in Europe and in China【参考答案】创 作人：荧多莘日 期：二 O 二二 年 1 月 17 日创 作人：荧多莘日 期：1、略读阅读法：例 1:解析：二 O 二二 年 1 月 17 日答案是：C该段的第一句话“Kleptomania is an illness of the mind that givesa person the de

28、sire to steal.为主题句，后面的句子是阐述主题句的详细内容。例 2:解析：答案是：B该段的最后一句话是主题句，是对本段内容的总结。例 3:解析：这是一篇说明文，作者一开场先提出了问题：“作为雇主，如何才能以最恰当的方式向你的员工发布不好的消息？，然后分步骤从不同的方面和角度展开了阐述，最后得出理解决这一问题的方法。答案是：C通读全文可知，作者在短文最后得出的结论是，“尽管发布坏消息是不容易的，但假如按照这些步骤去做，至少可以减轻坏消息对人们的打击。选项A、B、D表述的内容与问题不符。答案是：B从本文的构造看，首句是作者提出的问题，故A 项不符合题意。中间局部为作者所阐述的解决这一问

29、题的详细步骤，C 项也不符合题意。最后一句是本文的中心，表达了作者的主要观点，应选项B 为正确答案。选项 D 那么明显与原文不符。答案是：D D 项所表述的内容是，“对如何减轻坏消息的打击所作的阐述，与本文相符，应选项 D 为正确答案。而选项 A、B、C 在文中并没有提及，与此题不符。2、提纲挈领法或者综合概括法：例 1:解析：答案是：D选项 A 是文章的一个细节；选项 B 和本文内容不符；选项 C 是一个说明主题的例证，不能概括文章的主旨；只有D 才是本条新闻要说明的主要内容。创 作人：荧多莘日 期：二 O 二二 年 1 月 17 日创 作人：荧多莘日 期：例 2:解析：二 O 二二 年 1

30、 月 17 日答案是：B 本文提出了生活空间的需求取决于心理空间需求的问题。如第一段所描绘 Not everyone in the world requires the same amount of livingspace第二段进一步阐述心理空间所产生的结果。第三段作者谈到经济压力会使你的心理空间带来一点点改变，但最后作者强调：It is almost impossible,however,to completelychange your psychological space needs.通过全文我们可以看出，选项B 是对全文的提炼、概括，是全文的中心论点。例 3:解析：答案是：B本段主要讲

31、“握手的来历。【模拟试题】AEveryones at it,even my neighbors.I thought I might be the only person leftin the world who hadnt done an eBay deal.So,I decided to try my hand at onlineauction网上拍卖.Buying for beginners:Sign up on.Most itemse.g.tables,computers,and booksready for auction will come with a picture and a

32、short description;others may bemarked with“Buy It Nowand have a fixed price.You can buy these right away.If the item is being auctioned,you offer the highest price you are preparedto pay and eBay bids出价for you.The bid will be increased little by little untilit goes beyond your highest bid,then you a

33、re emailed and asked if you would like创 作人：荧多莘日 期：二 O 二二 年 1 月 17 日创 作人：荧多莘日 期：二 O 二二 年 1 月 17 日to bid again.Auctions last up to 10 days and when they finish you get an email tellingyou whether you have won the item.How to pay:Sellers decide how theywould like to be paid and you need to checkthis be

34、fore placing a bid as you might not want to post a cheque or postal orders.The easiest way is through PayPal,an online payment system that takes the moneyaway from your credit card信誉卡.Selling made simple:If you plan to sell on eBay,it helps to include a pictureof the item.I followed my friends advic

35、e and put up the items I wanted to sellfor a 10-day auction,starting on a Thursday.This way buyers had two weekends tobid.The big things inlife:Its easy to post a small item,but furniture is a bigpart of eBay and this has to be collected or sent by deliverymen.Check the waysof delivery before you bi

36、d.1.What is the passage mainly about?A.How to make payment online.B.Ways of making delivery online.C.Advantages of an online-auction system.D.How to use an online-auction system.BIt seems that some people go out of their way to get into trouble.Thats moreor less what happened the night that Nashvill

37、e Police Officer Floyd Hyde was on duty.创 作人：荧多莘日 期：二 O 二二 年 1 月 17 日创 作人：荧多莘日 期：二 O 二二 年 1 月 17 日“I was on the way to a personal-injury accident in West Nashville.As I gotonto Highway 40,blue lights and sirens警笛going,I fell in behind a gold PontiacFirebird that suddenly seemed to take off quickly d

38、own the highway.The driversomehow panicked at the sight of me.He wasgoing more thana hundred miles an hourand began passing cars on the shoulder.But Hyde couldnt go after him.Taking care of injured people is always moreimportant than worrying about speeders,so the officer had to stay on his way toth

39、e accident.But he did try to keep the Firebird in sight as he drove,hoping anothernearby unit would be able to step in and stop the speeding car.As it turned out,keeping the Firebird in sight was not that difficult.Every turn the Pontiac madewas the very turn the officer needed to get to the acciden

40、t scene.Hyde followed the Pontiac all the way to his destination目的地.At that pointhe found another unit had already arrived at the accident scene.His help wasntneeded.Now hewas free to try to stop the driver of the Firebird,who by this timehad developed something new to panic about.“Just about that t

41、ime,Hyde says,“I saw fire coming out from under that car,with blue smoke and oil going everywhere.Hes blown his engine.Now he had tostop.“After I arrested him,I asked him why he was running.He told me he didnthave a drivers license执照.That accident cost the driver of the Firebird plenty a thousand do

42、llarsfor the new engine not to mention the charges for driving without a license,创 作人：荧多莘日 期：二 O 二二 年 1 月 17 日创 作人：荧多莘日 期：二 O 二二 年 1 月 17 日attempting to run away,and dangerous driving.What is probably the best title for the article?A.Losing His Way?C.Fun All the Way?C It was a warm April day when a

43、big fat envelope came in the mail from the onlycollege I had ever imagined attending.I tore open the packet.My eyes were fixedon the word“congratulations.I dont remember ever smiling so wide.Then I looked at my financial财政的package.The cost of Dream Schools tuition学费,room and board was around$40,000

44、an impossible sum!How could I afford to attend?What good reasons did I haveto go there when three other fine colleges were offering me free tuition?My otherchoices were good,solid schools even if they werent as famous as my first choice.In my mind,attending my dream university would be the only way

45、to realize mydream of becoming a world-class writer.My parents understood how I felt.They toldme that even though it would be a financial problem,I could go whenever I wouldbe happiest.But as I was always careful with money,I wasnt sure what to do.One of the schools that offered me a full ride had a

46、n informational dinner onenight in the spring.Considering my parents financial difficulties,I decided todrive the 45 minutes and attend.At first,all I had planed to do was to smile politely,eat free food,listen quietly.But I surprised myself.B.Going My Way?D.Help on the Way?创 作人：荧多莘日 期：二 O 二二 年 1 月

47、17 日创 作人：荧多莘日 期：二 O 二二 年 1 月 17 日 At dinner the president of the university talked about the wonderful activitieson campus校园including guest lectures and social gatherings.He also made itperfectly clear that free food would be offered at all future events.He continuedwith explanations of professors,c

48、lass sizes,activities,and sporting events oncampus.As he spoke,I began to realize that this school,though not as good as myfirst choice,night he the best one for me.It seemed small yet with many greatprograms.It seemed challenging yet caring.As the president ended his speech,we clapped politely and

49、pushed back our chairs.As I walked out of that door,a feeling of comfort washed over me.Looking at thecampus that night,I realized that I would be spending the next four years rightthere.In all honesty,my university is not as well-known as my“dreamuniversity.However,it turned out to be the right cho

50、ice of schools for me.What does the author mainly want to say?A.Your second-choice college may actually be your best fit.B.You should consider comfort in your choice of schools.C.You should try your best to attend your dream school.D.You choice of schools should be based on their fame.D At Dallas/Fo