2019年高考英语全国卷1答案及解析.pdf

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1、题-在_无_号-生此考_效_-_卷名_姓_-_上校学业毕-答-绝密启用前20192019 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷 1 1）英语注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分 30 分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（

2、共 5 小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirtA.B.C.答案是 C。1.Where does this conversation take placeA.In a classroom.B.In a hospital.C.Inamuseum.2.What does Jack want to doA.Take fitness classes.B.Buy a pair of gym shoe

3、s.C.Change his work schedule.3.What are the speakers talking aboutA.What to drink.B.Where to meet.C.When to leave.4.What is the relationship between the speakersA.Colleges.B.Classmates.C.Strangers.5.Why is Emily mentioned in the conversationA.She might want a ticket.B.She is looking for the man.C.Sh

4、e has an extra ticket.第二节（共 15 小题，每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.How long did James run his business years.years.7.How does the woman feel about James situationA.Embarrassed.B.Concerned.C.Disappoin

5、ted.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.What has Kates mother decided to doA.Return to school.B.Change her job.C.Retire from work.9.What did Kates mother study at collegeA.Oil painting.B.Art history.C.Businessadministration.10.What is Kates attitude toward her mothers decisionA.Disapproving.B.Ambiguous.C.Understandin

6、g.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.What is the man doingA.Chairing a meeting.B.Hosting a radio program.C.Conducting a job interview.12.What benefits Mary most in her jobA.Her wide reading.B.Her leaders guidance.C.Herfriendshelp13.Who will Mary talk about nextA.Her teacher.B.Her fatherC.Her mother.听第 9 段材料，回答第 14

7、 至 17 题。14.Why does the man seldom do exerciseA.He lacks motivation.B.He has a heart problem.C.He works all the time.15.What does Jacob Sattelmair probably doA.Hes an athlete.B.Hes a researcher.C.Hesajournalist.16.Why does the woman speak of a studyA.To encourage the man.B.To recommend an exercise.C

8、.To support her findings.17.How much time will the man probably spend exercising weeklyA.300 minutes.B.150 minute.C.75 minutes.听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。18.What did the scientists do to the roadA.They repaired itB.They painted it.C.They blocked it19.Why are young birds drawn to the road surfaceA.Its w

9、arm.B.Its brown.C.Its smooth.20.What is the purpose of the scientists experimentA.To keep the birds there for a whole year.B.To help students study the birds well.C.To prevent the birds from being killed.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A A_Need a

10、Job This SummerNeed a Job This Summer_The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help_students find summer jobs.The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on_号the program.生考Not a student Go to the government website to learn about programs andonline tools available to hel

11、p people under 30 build skills,find a job or_start businesses all year round._Jobs for YouthJobs for Youth_If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province,you could_名姓be eligible（符合条件）for this program.Which provides eight weeks of paidemployment along with training._Who is eligible:You

12、th 15-18 years old in select communities（社区）._Summer CompanySummer Company_校Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and学业awards of up to$3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.毕Who is eligible:Students aged 15-29,returning to school in the fall.Stewardship Youth

13、Ranger ProgramStewardship Youth Ranger ProgramYou could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local naturalresource management projects for eight weeks this summer.Who is eligible:Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire,but not turning18 before December 31 this year.题-Summer Employment O

14、pportunitiesSummer Employment Opportunities（机会）（机会）Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program,students are hired在each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial PublicService,its related agencies and community groups.Who is eligible:Students aged 15 or older.Some positions

15、requirestudents to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.无-21.What is special about Summer Company此A.It requires no training before employment.B.It provides awards for running new businesses.C.It allows one to work in the natural environment.效-D.It offers more summer job opportunitie

16、s.卷-22.What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program.23.Which program favors the disabledA.Jobs for Youth.B.Summer Company.上-C.Stewardship Youth Ranger Program.D.SummerEmploymentOpportunities.B BFor Canaan Elementarys second grade in Patchogue,.,today is speechday,and right now

17、its Chris Palaezs turn.The 8-year-old is the joker of答-the class.With shining dark eyes,he seems like the kind of kid who wouldenjoy public speaking.But hes nervous.“Im here to tell you today why you should should”Chris trips on the“-ld,”a.pronunciation difficulty for manynon-native English speakers

18、.His teacher,Thomas Whaley,is next to him,whispering support.“Vote for me”Except for some stumbles,Chris isdoing amazingly well.When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion,Whaleyinvites the rest of the class to praise him.A son of immigrants,Chris stared learning English a little over threeyears

19、ago.Whaley recalls（回想起）how at the beginning of the year,whencalled upon to read,Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience.Whatyou need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes.“It takes a lot forany student,”Whaley explain

20、s,“especially for a student who is learningEnglish as their new language，to feel confident enough to say,I dontknow，but I want to know.”Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign projectwhen he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought theycould never be a p

21、resident.The answer broke his heart.Whaley says theproject is about more than just learning to read and speak in public.He wantsthese kids to learn to boast（夸耀）about themselves.“Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities,”Whaley says,“isvery difficult for a child who came into the classroom not

22、 feeling confident.”24.What made Chris nervousA.Telling a story.B.Making a speech.C.Taking a test.D.Answering a question.25.What does the underlined word“stumbles”in paragraph 2 refer toA.Improper pauses.B.Bad manners.C.Spelling mistakes.D.Sillyjokes.26.We can infer that the purpose of Whaleys proje

23、ct is to _.A.help students see their own strengthsB.assess students public speaking skillsC.prepare students for their future jobsD.inspire students love for politics27.Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacherA.Humorous.B.Ambitious.C.Caring.D.Demanding.C CAs data and identity theft

24、becomes more and more common,the market isgrowing for biometric（生物测量）technologieslike fingerprint scansto keepothers out of private e-spaces.At present,these technologies are stillexpensive,though.Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-costdevice（装置）that gets around this

25、 problem:a smart keyboard.This smartkeyboard precisely measures the cadence（节奏）with which one types and thepressure fingers apply to each key.The keyboard could offer a strong layerof security by analyzing things like the forc e of a users typing and thetime between key presses.These patterns are un

26、ique to each person.Thus,thekeyboard can determine peoples identities,and by extension,whether theyshould be given access to the computer its connected toregardless ofwhether someone gets the password right.It also doesnt require a new type of technology that people arentalreadyfamiliarwith.Everybod

27、yusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.In a study describing the technology,the researchers had 100 volunteerstype the word“touch”four times using the smart keyboard.Data collectedfrom the device could be used to recognize different participants based onhow they typed,with very low error rates.T

28、he researchers say that thekeyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly madeof inexpensive,plastic-like parts.The team hopes to make it to market inthe near future.28.Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboardA.To reduce pressure on keys.B.Toimproveaccuracyintyping

29、C.To replace the password system.D.To cut the cost of e-spaceprotection.29.What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possibleA.Computers are much easier to operate.B.Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.C.Typing patterns vary from person to person.D.Data security measures are guaranteed

30、.30.What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboardA.Itll be environment-friendly.B.Itllreachconsumerssoon.C.Itll be made of plastics.D.Itllhelpspeeduptyping.31.Where is this text most likely fromA.A diary.guidebookC.A novel.D.A magazine.D DDuring the rosy years of elementary school（小学）,I enjoy

31、ed sharing mydolls and jokes,which allowed me to keep my high social status.I was thequeen of the playground.Then came my tweens and teens,and mean girls andcool kids.They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smokingcigarettes,breaking rules and playing jokes on others,among whom I soonfou

32、nd myself.Popularityisawell-exploredsubjectinsocialpsychology.MitchPrinstein,a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into twocategories:the likable and the status seekers.The likables plays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jump-startinterpersonal skills and,when

33、tapped early,are employed ever after in lifeand work.Then theres the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence:status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed,Dr.Prinsteins studies showunpleasant consequences.Those who were highest in status in high

34、 school,aswell as those least liked in elementary school,are“most likely to engage（从事）in dangerous and risky behavior.”In one study,Dr.Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235adolescents,scoring the least liked,the most liked and the highest in statusbased on student surveys（调查研究）.“We f

35、ound that the least well-likedteens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates.But sohad those who were high in status.It clearly showed that while likabilitycan lead to healthy adjustment,high status has just the opposite effect onus.Dr.Prinstein has also found that the qualities

36、that made the neighborswant you on a play date-sharing,kindness,openness carry over to lateryears and make you better able to relate and connect with others.Inanalyzing hisand otherresearch，Dr.Prinstein came toanotherconclusion:Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes,but itisalsores

37、ponsibleforthoseoutcomes,too.Beinglikedcreatesopportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that helpsomebody gain an advantage,”he said._32.What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school_A.Unkind.B.Lonely.C.Generous.D.Cool._ is the second paragraph mainl

38、y about_号生A.The classification of the popular.考B.The characteristics of adolescents._C.The importance of interpersonal skills._D.The causes of dishonorable behavior._34.What did Dr.Prinsteins study find about the most liked kids_名姓A.They appeared to be aggressive._B.They tended to be more adaptable.

39、_C.They enjoyed the highest status._D.They performed well academically._校学业35.What is the best title for the text毕A.Be Nice-You Wont Finish LastB.The Higher the Status,the BeerC.Be the Best-You Can Make ItD.More Self-Control,Less Aggressiveness第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）题-根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选

40、项。选项中有两项为多余选项。在Is Fresh Air Really Good for YouIs Fresh Air Really Good for YouWe all grew up hearing people tell us to“go out and get some freshair.”36 According to recent studies,the answer is a big YES,if theair quality in your camping area is good.无-37If the air youre breathing is clean-which it

41、 would be if youre此awayfromthe smogofcities-then the airisfilled withlife-giving,energizing oxygen.If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn tobreathe more deeply,allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles（肌肉）and your brain.效-Recently,people have begun studying the connection between t

42、he naturalworld and healing（治愈）.38 In these places patients can go to be near卷-nature during their recovery.It turns out that just looking at green,growingthings can reduce stress,lower blood pressure,and put people into a bettermood（情绪）.Greenery is good for us.Hospital patients who see tree branche

43、sout their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who seebuildings or sky instead.39 It gives us a great feeling of peace.上 40While the suns rays can age and harm our skin,they also give-is beneficial Vitamin D.To make sure you get enough Vitamin Dbut stillprotect your skin put

44、on sunscreen right as you head outside.It takessunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working,and thats plenty of timefor your skin to absorb a days worth of Vitamin D.A.Fresh air cleans our lungs.答-B.So what are you waiting forC.Being in nature refreshes us.D.Another side benefit of getting fresh

45、 air is sunlight.E.But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always saidF.Just as importantly,we tend to associate air with health care.G.All across the country,recovery centers have begun building HealingGardens.covered with thick grass.I 56 twelve shades of green from where I stand.Ab

46、ove 4,000 meters is the highland 57 :gravel（砾石）,stones and rocks.58 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 59 snow and the glaciersthat may soon disappear.Does Kilimanjaro 60 its reputation as a crowded mountain with linesof tourists ruining the atmosphere of peaceI found the opposite to be true.第三

47、部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro,the highestmountain in Africa.They 41 with them lots of waste.The 42 mightdamage the beauty of the place.The glaciers（冰川）are disappearing,changingt

48、he 43 of Kilimanjaro.Hearing these stories,Im 44 about the place other destinationsare described as“purer”natural experiences.However,I soon 45 that much has changed since the days of disturbingreports of46 among tons of rubbish.I find a47 mountain,withtoilets at camps and along the paths.The enviro

49、nmental challenges are 48but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 49 .The best of a Kilimanjaro 50,in my opinion,isnt reaching the top.Mountains are 51 as spiritual places by many cultures.This 52 isespecially evident on Kilimanjaro as 53 go through five ecosystems（生态系

50、统）in the space of a few kilometers.At the base is a rainforest.It endsabruptly at 3,000 meters,54 lands of low growing plants.Further up,the weather55 low clouds envelope the mountainsides,which are41.A.keep42.A.storiesreporters43.A.position44.A.silent45.A.discover46.A.equipmentstones47.A.remote48.A