中考英语八大时态讲解与专项练习.pdf

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1、课课题题中考英语语法总复习之动词八大时态中考英语语法总复习之动词八大时态教学目标教学目标理解英语语法中的八大时态，掌握并灵活运用。理解英语语法中的八大时态，掌握并灵活运用。重重点点理解并掌握英语中的八大语法知识要点。理解并掌握英语中的八大语法知识要点。难难点点灵活运用本课所学的语法知识，提高能力。灵活运用本课所学的语法知识，提高能力。Step 1Step 1 教学衔接：教学衔接：1 1、检查作业情况。检查作业情况。2 2、讲解疑难点。讲解疑难点。Step 2Step 2 教学内容：教学内容：1 1、英语八大时态讲解。英语八大时态讲解。2 2、变换规则讲解。变换规则讲解。Step 3Step 3

2、 跟踪练习：跟踪练习：1 1、能力提高练习。能力提高练习。2 2、语法专项练习。语法专项练习。Step 4Step 4 课堂小结：课堂小结：总结课堂所学。总结课堂所学。Step 5Step 5 家庭作业：家庭作业：作业中考英语语法总复习之动词八大时态中考英语语法总复习之动词八大时态【学习目标】：初中阶段八种时态的结构及其用法。【学习过程】：I.I.概述：概述：英语中，不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态要用不同的动词形式不同的动词形式来表示。动作动作发生的时间不同发生的时间不同，动词的形式就有所不同动词的形式就有所不同。所以，动词的时态就是指动词在某一个时间段内应当采取的相应动词形态。我们已经学过的

3、八种时态分别是：1._2._3.5._6._7._8._Step 1Step 1 中考英语八大时态讲解与练习中考英语八大时态讲解与练习1 1一般现在时一般现在时a 表示经常发生的动作、行为或存在的状态。常用的时间状语有：often,usually,always,every day 等。I go to school every day except Sunday.除了星期日，我每天上学。There are fifty students in our class.我们班上有五十个学生。b表示一种客观事实或普遍真理The earth is round.地球是圆的.The sun is bigger

4、than the moon.太阳比月亮大。c在条件状态从句和时间状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。If you dont go soon,youll be late.如果你不快去的话，你就要迟到了。I will wait for you until you come back.我将一直等到你回来。动词三单形式的变化规则：1.大多数动词直接+s2.以 s,sh,ch,x,o 结尾的动词+es3.以辅音字母+y 结尾的动词变 y 为 i+es一般现在时专项练习题一般现在时专项练习题用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.He often _(have)dinner at home.2.Daniel and

5、 Tommy _(be)in Class One.3.We _(not watch)TV on Monday.4.Nick _(not go)to the zoo on Sunday.5._ they _(like)the World Cup6.What _they often _(do)on Saturdays7._ your parents _(read)newspapers every day8.The girl _(teach)us English on Sundays.9.She and I _(take)a walk together every evening.10.There

6、_(be)some water in the bottle.11.Mike _(like)cooking.12.They _(have)the same hobby.13.My aunt _(look)after her baby carefully.14.You always _(do)your homework well.15.I _(be)ill.Im staying in bed.2.2.一般过去式一般过去式肯定式否定式疑问式一般动词I(You,He,She,We,They)I(You,He,She,We,Did you(I,he,she,we,they)worked there.Th

7、ey)didnotworkwork therethere.be 动词I(He,She,It)was there.I(He,She,It)was notWas I(he,she,it)thereWe(You,They)were therethere.We(You,They)werenot there.have 动词I(You,He,She,We,They)hadI(You,He,She,We,Had I(you,he,she,we,they)books.They)had not/didnt any books 或have any books动词过去式的构成：(1)规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则：

8、一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。如：look-looked。Did I(you,he)have any booksWere you(we,they)there以不发音的字母 e 结尾的动词，去 e 再加-ed。如：live-lived。末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop-stopped。末尾是辅音字母+y 结尾的动词，先变 y 为 i，然后再加-ed。如：study-studied。(2)不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。如：am(is)-was,are-were,go-went,take-took,have(has)-had 等。a 表示在过去某一时

9、间内发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：yesterday,last week,an hour ago,the other day,just now,upon a time,in 1989,in the old days,when I was at middle school等。He left for Beijing yesterday morning.他昨天上午到北京去了。She wasnt at home last night.她昨晚上在家。Did you finish your work at four yesterday afternoon 你昨天下午四点完成工作了

10、吗b表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。I got up very early at that time.我那时总是起得很早。Mary always got up too late and never had enough time for breakfast when she wasat middle school.玛丽上中学时总是起得很晚，从来都没有足够时间吃早饭。一般过去时专项练习题：一般过去时专项练习题：1 My fatherill yesterday Aisnt B.arent C.wasnt D.werent2 your parents at home last week A Is B

11、Was C Are D Were3 The twinsin Dalian last year Theyhere now A are;were B were;are C was;are D were;was4 your father at work the dayyesterday(前天）A Was;before B Is;before C Was;after D Is;after5 Who was on duty last Friday A I am B I was C Yes,I was D No,I wasnt二、请用正确动词形式填空。(10)1.I _(have)an exciting

12、party last weekend.2._ she _(practice)her guitar yesterdayNo,she_.3.What _ Tom _(do)on Saturday evening He _(watch)TV and _(read)an interesting book.4.They all _(go)to the mountains yesterday morning.5.She _(not visit)her aunt last weekend.She _(stay)at home and _(do)some cleaning.3 3一般将来时一般将来时肯定式否定

13、式疑问式I(We)shall/will goI(We)shall/will not goShall I(we)go theretherethereYou(He,She,They)willYou(He,She,They)will not Will you(he,she,they)go therea表示将要发生的动作行为或存在的状态。常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如：tomorrow,next time,next year,in a few days 等。Ill go and see her next Friday.我下周五去看她。He wont go there tomorrow morning.

14、他明天上午不到那儿去。Will you do it again 你再做一遍好吗b没有时间状语，根据上下文判断其谓语动作是将要发生的。I dont know who will do it.我不知道谁将做这件事。Dont worry,he will be there on time.别着急，他会准时在那儿。c表示将来经常发生的动作。From now on Ill get up early every morning.从今以后，我每天早晨早起。注意：1）be going to 这个结构表示：a即将发生的动作；b主语打算或准备要做的事；go therego therec说话人根据已有的迹象判断即将发生

15、的事。be going to 结构中的 be 随着句子中主语的人称而变化。例如：We are going to learn English.我们将学习英语。How are you going to spend your holidays 你们打算怎样度过假期Look at these black clouds.I think its going to rain.看这些黑云，我想天要下雨了。2）在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，一般将来时要用一般现在时代替。He will come to see you when he has time.他有空时会来看你的。They will ring you u

16、p as soon as they get back.他们一回来就打电话给你。一般将来时专题练习题一般将来时专题练习题1、选择填空1.There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.A.willbegoingtoB.willgoingtobeC.isgoingtobe D.will go to be2.Charlie _ here next month.A.isnt workingB.doesnt working C.isnt going to working D.wont work3.He _ very busy this week,he _ free next w

17、eek.A.willbe;isB.is;isC.willbe;willbe D.is;will be4.There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.A.wasB.isgoingtohaveC.willhaveD.is going to be5._ you _ free tomorrow No.I _ free the day after tomorrow.A.Are;going to;will B.Are;going to be;will C.Are;going to;will be D.Are;going to be;will be6

18、.Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday.A.will give B.will give C.gives D.give7.Shall I buy a cup of tea for you_.（不，不要。）A.No,you wont.B.No,you arent.C.No,please dont.D.No,please.8.Where is the morning paper I _ if for you at once.A.getB.amgettingC.toget D.will get9._ a concert next Saturday

19、A.There will beB.Will there beC.There canbeD.There are10.If they come,we _ a meeting.A.haveB.willhaveC.hadD.would have4 4现在进行时现在进行时表示说话时或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作，常与时间状语 now,this week,these days 等连用。肯定句:主语+be（is/am/are）+现在分词否定句：主语+be（is/am/are）+not+现在分词一般疑问句:be（is/am/are）+主语+现在分词特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+相应 be 动词+主语+现在分词+Sth

20、变化规则1.直接+ing(例：sleep+ing sleeping)2.去掉不发音的 e+ing(例：biting，leaving,making,coming,writing.）注意：如果单词结尾的e 发音，则不能去掉，也直接加ing.例如：see-seeing/agree-agreeing.3.以 ie 结尾变 ie 为 y+ing（例：die-dying lie-lying）4.对于重读闭音节词，双写末尾字母再加ing.例如：sitting,beginning,getting,putting,running,stopping cutting,controlling肯定式I am worki

21、ng now.You are working now.否定式I am not working now.You are not working now.疑问式Am I working nowAre you working nowHe(She)is working now.He(She)is not working now.Is(he,she)working nowWe(You,They)areWe(You,They)arenotAre you(we,they)workingworking now.a表示说话时谓语的动作正在进行。Who are you waiting for你在等谁He know

22、s that we are helping him now.他知道我们现在正在帮助他。b在现阶段正在进行的动作，但不一定说话时动作正在进行。The students are working on the farm there days.这些天学生们正在农场劳动。c有些动词的进行时态还可用来表示将来时。这类动词有go,come,leave,arrive,move,die 等。He is coming soon.他不久就要来了.Mary is arriving here at 4 o/clock this afternoon.玛丽今天下午四点到达这里。注意：1）表示状态或感觉的动词，如：know,

23、love,like,want,hear,see,think等，一般没有进行时态，因为它们不能表示正在进行的动作。但是，如果词义发生变化，能表示一个正在进行的动作，也可使用进行时态。Stop,I am thinking.停下来，我正在想问题呢。2）无法延续动作的动词，如：jump,begin,start,stop 等一般不宜用于进行时态。但是，若想表示动作反复或即将发生，也可使用进行时态。He is jumping up and down.他一下一下地跳个不停。working now.now现在进行时专项练习题现在进行时专项练习题（）1.我在照看孩子.(A)I am looking after

24、the baby.(B)Im look aftering the baby.(C)I look am aftering the baby.(D)I looking after the baby.()s making_a kite.(A)I,me (B)My,my (C)My,me (D)His,his()the woman _ yellow your teacher(A)in (B)putting on (C)wearing (D)having()!The twins_their mother do the housework(A)are wanting (B)help(C)are helpi

25、ng(D)are looking()the birds doing They are singing in a tree.(A)Who (B)What (C)How (D)Where()she_something(A)eat (B)eating (C)eatting (D)eats()7.你在干什么 (A)What is you doing (B)What are you do(C)What are you doing (D)What do you do()are you listening_(A)/(B)for (C)at (D)to()9.我正在听他说话.(A)I listening to

26、 him.(B)Im listening to him.(C)Im listen to him.(D)Im listening him.()are_their clothes.(A)makeing (B)putting (C)put away (D)putting on(5.5.过去进行时过去进行时表示过去某个时刻或过去一段时间正在进行的动作。常与表示过去的时间状语如：then atthat time,once,a moment ago等连用，或者用另一动作表示过去的时间或者用另一动作表示过去的时间。I was writing a letter at home at seven yesterd

27、ay evening.我昨晚七点在家写信。He was watching TV when I came home yesterday evening.当我昨晚回家的时候他正在看电视一般疑问句及答语：Was/Were+主语(You/he/she/they/we)+doing+其它Yes,I was./No,I wasnt.Were you playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon昨天下午四点你们在打篮球吗特殊疑问句=特殊疑问词+was/were+主语(I/you/he/she/they/we)+doing+其它过去进行时专项练习题过去进行时专项

28、练习题一、用动词的适当形式填空。1.I _(have)my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.2.Mary _(go)over her lessons from six to seven last night.John and peter_(do)the same thing.3.What _ you _(do)at that time We _(watch)TV.4.Was your father at home yesterday evening Yes,he was.He _(listen)to theradio.5.They _(

29、not make)a model ship when I saw him.二、选择题。1.I _ cooked a meal when you _ me.a.cooked,were ringingb.was cooking,rangc.wascooking,were ringing d.cooked,rang2.He said he _ to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time.a.triesb.triedc.wastrying d.will try3.While she _ TV,she _ a sound outside the room

30、.a.was watching,was hearing b.watched,was hearingc.watched,heard d.was watching,heard4.They _ a football game from 7 to 9 last night.a.werewatchingb.watchc.watched d.are watching5.What book _ you _ when I _ you at four yesterday afternoon？a.did,read,was seeing b.did,read,sawc.were,reading,saw d.were

31、,reading,was seeing6.6.现在完成时：现在完成时：基本结构基本结构：主语+have/has+done肯定句：主语+have/has+done+宾语.否定句：主语+have/has+not+done+宾语.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+done+宾语.肯定回答：Yes,主语+have/has.否定回答：No,主语+havent/hasnt.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+done+其他）用法：用法：1.1.常与常与 forfor（+时间段）时间段）,since,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用时间点或过去时的句子）连用.for+时段为

32、时间since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从 以来）since+时段+agosince+从句（过去时）It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）标志词：标志词：already（肯定）,yet（否定，疑问）,just,before,recently,ever,never,.times(次数).瞬间性动词可表示某一动作的完成但是当后面有表示一段时间的状语时要变成相应的延续性动词瞬间性动词改为延续性动词：buy-hadarrive-be in/atfallasleep-beasleepborrow keptleave-beaway（from)come/go/become-beleave-be awa

33、ybegin/start-be onput on-be onstop-beovercome/go-be in/atgo out-be outdie-bedeadfinish/end-be overgetmarried-bemarriedjoin-be in/amember ofcome to work-workbegintostudy-studyhave(has)been to 与 have(has)gone tohave(has)been to+某地，表示到过某地，说明去过某地，说话时已经回来了。have(has)gone to+某地，说明去某地了，说话时还没有回来。【拓展】【拓展】一般过去

34、时与现在完成时的相互转换一般过去时与现在完成时的相互转换:在现在完成时中，延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用，瞬间动词却不能。但是，可用别的表达方式：瞬间动词用于“一段时间+ago”的一般过去时的句型中；瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语，与一段时间连用；瞬间动词用于“It is+一段时间+since+一般过去时”的句型中，表示“自从以来有时间”的意思，主句一般用it is 来代替 It has been；瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since+一般过去时”的句型中。如：A.He joined the League two years ago.B.He h

35、as been in the League for two years.C.It is two years since he joined the League.D.Two years has passed since he joined the League.现在完成时专项练习题现在完成时专项练习题一、单项选择。1、Both his parents look sad.Maybe they _whats happened to him.A.knew B.have known C.must know know2、He has _ been to Shanghai,has he A.already

36、3、Have you met Mr Li _A.just B.ago D.a moment ago4、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year.A.is writing writing written5、Our country _ a lot so far.Yes.I hope it will be even _.changed;well ;good changed;better ;better6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years.A.was;studying B.w

37、ill;study C.has;studied D.are;studying7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl.A.know B.had known C.have known D.knew8、Harry Potter is a very nice film.I_ it twice.see seen9、These farmers have been to the United States.Really When _ thereA.will they go B.did they goC.do they go D.have they gone10、

38、_ you _ your homework yetYes.I _ it a moment ago.;do;finished ;done;finished ;done;have finished ;do;finish二、句型转换。1、He has never surfed,（改成反意疑问句）2、They have been here since 2000.(对划线部分提问)have they been here3、The old man _ last year.He for a year.(die)4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换)Thi

39、s factory _ for twenty years.5、Miss Gao left an hour ago.(同义句转换)Miss Gao _ _ _ _ an hour ago.6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years.（同义句）Her mother _ the Party three years _.7.7.过去完成时：过去完成时：基本结构：基本结构：主语+had+done肯定句：主语+had+done否定句：主语+had+not+done一般疑问句：Had+主语+done肯定回答：Yes,主语+had.否定回答：No,

40、主语+had not.（动词填空）特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（Had+主语+done）被动语态：主语+had（hadnt)+been+done用法：用法：A A 由时间状语来判定由时间状语来判定。(1)by+过去的时间点。I had finished reading the novel by nine oclock lastnight.(2)by the end of+过去的时间点 We had learned over two thousand English wordsby the end of last term.(3)before+过去的时间点。They had planted

41、 six hundred trees before lastWednesday.B.B.由“过去的过去”来判定。由“过去的过去”来判定。过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。(1)宾语从句中,当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句She said that she had seen the film before.(2)状语从句中,在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动

42、作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。After he had finished his homework,he went to bed.注意：before,after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于 before和 after本身已表达了动作的先后关系，若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主、从句都用一般过去时。After he closed the door,he left the classroom.(3)表示意向的动词，如hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean,suppose等，用过去完成时表示 原本，未能We had hoped that you

43、would come,butyou didnt.过去完成时专项练习题过去完成时专项练习题一.单项选择1He asked me _A_ during the summer holidays.A.where I had been B.where I had gone C.where had I been D.where had I gone2.What _D_ Jane _ by the time he was severA.did,do B.has,done C did,did.D.had,done3.I _C_ 900 English words by the time I was ten。A

44、.learned B.was learning C.had learned D.learnt4.She _A_lived here for _ years.A.had,a few B.has,severalC.had,a lot of D.has,a great deal of5.By the time my parents reached home yesterday,I _A_ the dinner already.A had cooked B.cooked C.have cooked D.was cooked6.She said she _D_ the principle already

45、A.has seen B.saw C.will see D.had seen7.She said her family _B_ themselves _ the army during the war.A.has hidden,from B.had hidden,fromC.has hidden,with D.had hidden,with8.By the time he was ten years old,he _D_.A.has completed university B.has completed the universityB.had completed an university

46、D.had completed university9.She had written a number of books _C_ the end of last year.A.for B.in C.by D.at10.He _B_ to play _ before he was 11 years old.A had learned,piano B.had learned,the pianoC.has learned,the piano D.learns,piano.8.8.过去将来时过去将来时概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。时间状语：the next day（mor

47、ning，year ），the following month（week ），基本结构：wasweregoing to do；wouldshould do否定形式：waswerenotgoing to do；wouldshould notdo一般疑问句：was 或 were 放于句首；wouldshould 提到句首1）构成过去将来时由助动词 should 或 would 加动词原形构成。2）用法a用于从过去某一时间来看将要发生的事情。常用在宾语从句中表示从句的动作发生在主句动作之后。They said they would go to visit the second factory.他们说

48、他们将要去参观第二个工厂。The teacher told us that there would be a concert the next Tuesday.老师告诉我们下周二将要有场音乐会。b过去将来时也可由“was/were going to+动词原形”来表示。She said she was going to see her uncle.她说她要去看望她的叔叔。c有些动词的过去进行时也可表示过去将来时。I didnt have much time to talk with you became I was leaving for Shanghai intwo hours.我没有多少时间

49、跟你谈话了，因为再过两个小时我就要动身去上海。注意：“would+动词原形”有时并不表示过去将来时，而表示一种客气的请求。Would you please open the window过去将来时专项练习题过去将来时专项练习题 plane is leaving right now,but Jim hasnt arrived yet.-Well,he said he _here on time.A came B would come C can be D will be2.She _that she _ her best to help them the next term.A.sayswill

50、 doB.saidwill doC.said would doD.sayswould do3.Jack _ that they _ surprised to see it this Friday.A.know would beB.knows will beC.knew would beD.knew will be4.She _ ill so she _ able to go skating the next day.A.is wont beB.is wouldnt beC.was won t beD.was wouldntbe5.He _ the thief to the police whe