2020届广州市恒福中学高中部高三英语下学期期末试题及答案解析.pdf

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1、20202020 届广州市恒福中学高中部高三英语下学期期末试题及答案解析届广州市恒福中学高中部高三英语下学期期末试题及答案解析第一部分第一部分阅读（共两节，满分阅读（共两节，满分4 40 0 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 1515 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项A AIf your Spanish is good enough,many Spanish gossip magazines being published around the world willprovide entertai

2、nment and,at the same time,help you practice your language.Diez Minutos:The magazine is a classic Spanish gossip feast with dailynews based on many stories of love,separation,divorce and death.The two main parts are headlined love and partners.They also have an onlineversion of the magazine for seri

3、ous gossip addicts.Hola:It isSpains top weekly magazine and the leader of the gossip world.It contains many pictures and around-up of well-known and less well-known nobles and people in show business.Apart from edited highlightsfrom the present and past issues,there is a report of the week and photo

4、 of the week.There is also a Frenchversion called OhLa!Revista CUORE:As the third best-selling gossip magazine inSpain,it is mainly aimed at younger teenagereaders who look not only for current celebrity gossip,but also for fashion and TV news.It uses a lot of oral terms.Revista SEMANA:It is a Spani

5、sh magazine covering the latest news on the famous inSpainandHollywood.Italso offers its readers information on fashion,beauty,cooking and travel.Marujeo:It is a blog serving up a daily diet of national gossip news on Spanish and international celebritiesand the celebrity world from a particular poi

6、nt of view.Revista CARAS:It is a magazine published in various countries ofLatin America.It is also exported to certainparts of theUnited States,bringing together strange and wonderful news from around the world and the famousLatin community.1.Which magazine is also published in French?A.MarujeoB.Re

7、vista SEMANA.C.Revista CARAS.D.Hola.2.How many of the magazines mentioned in the text can be read on the Internet?A.Four.B.Three.C.Two.D.One.3.What can be learned from the passage?A.Diez Minutos presents its readers weekly picturesB.Revista CUORE can help improve ones spoken Spanish.C.Revista SEMANA

8、 is intended for readers in teensD.Revista CARAS mainly reports news fromLatin America.BWatching what you eat can be easier said than done,but a recent study shows it might not just be about whatson your plate it could be about how quickly it disappears.Japanese researchers followed 1,083 adultsfor

9、five years,splitting them into three categories based on howquickly they ate:slow,normal,and fast.They also answered a questionnaire at the beginning of the study,sharingtheir diet,physical activity,and medical history.In the beginning,none of the volunteers had metabolic syndrome(新陈代谢综合征)-meaning a

10、t least three risk factors which can lead to health problems like heart conditionsand diabetes.When the participants reported back five years later 84 had been diagnosed(诊断)with metabolic syndrome and their eating speed was a major predictor,according to the results in the journal Circulation.The fa

11、st eaterswere 89 percent more likely to have metabolic syndrome than slow and normal eaters.Just 2.3 percent of sloweaters received the diagnosis,compared to 11.6 percent of fast eaters.But thats not all.Fast eaters also saw moreweight gain,larger waistlines,and higher blood sugar levels than slow e

12、aters.The researchers saygobblingmakes it easier not to take notice of fullness before your body has a chance to signalyou to stop.“So when people eat fast they are more likely to overeat,”said Takayuki Yamaji,MD,study author andcardiologist at Hiroshima University in Japan in a statement.Previous r

13、esearch backs up the weight benefits of slow eating,too.One study of New Zealand women found fasteaters have higher body-mass indexes(指数),and a Chinese study found that both healthy and fat men ate lesswhen told to chew 40 times instead of 15 times before swallowing.Initial research even suggests ch

14、ewing yourfood longer could bum more calories-up to about 1,000 extra every month.4.What are the participants divided by?A.Medical history.B.Health condition.C.Physical activity.D.Eating speed.5.Which may be the result of the study?A.Fast eaters are 4 times more likely to have metabolic syndrome.B.N

15、ormal and slow eaters dont have metabolic illness.C.89%of fast eaters have higher blood pressure.D.Slow caters are healthier than fast eaters.6.What does the underlined word“gobbling”in Paragraph 4 best mean?A.Tasting slowly.B.Digesting quickly.C.Eating greedily.D.Cooking carefully.7.What does the l

16、ast paragraph tell us?A.The importance of eating speed.B.The advantage of eating slowly.C.The result of a Chinese study.D.Fast eating and overeating.CAccording to Oxford Dictionaries,morality means:“Principles concerning the distinction between right andwrong or good and bad behavior.”Though moralit

17、y is a rather subjective subject,there are some principles thatare universal across all cultures found by an Oxford University study:“help your family,help your group,returnfavors,be brave,obey superiors,divide resources fairly,and respect others property”.The fact that these moralsare found across

18、60 cultures from around the world demonstrates that morality,though subjective,is thecornerstone of keeping our societies together.Here are some reasons to be moral:without morality,a social life isalmost impossible to maintain;having a good reputation and having a clear conscience is psychologicall

19、y healthy;and most philosophies regard unselfish and principled behavior as important.There is no doubt that without morals,a society cannot function effectively.A confused situation wouldappear,According to the Society of Morality,“We are social animals,and the actions we take-the things we do andt

20、he things we dont do-have consequences on our environments and on the others around us.As a result,weneed to be able to govern our behavior in the near term so as not to injure ourselves or our community in the longterm.This system of controlling our actions and our thoughts in order to operate in a

21、 community is what we oftenrefer to as morality”.Therefore,we need a set of morals in order to operate within a social circle and a socialenvironment.Acting immoral usually results in being excluded from social activities or being avoided by a societybased on laws and cultural standards.Besides acti

22、ng moral having a sociological need,it also has a psychologicalbasis.Most people are concerned to some extent about their reputation.According to PsyPost,“A lot of economicmodels of human behavior assume that people are only rational(理性的)when they narrowly pursue their ownself-interest,but history s

23、hows us that people are also tremendously concerned with being and appearing moral”.So,the fear of ones reputation being damaged is often a strong motivator to be moral.And if someonehas beenimmoral,most people go out of their way to make sure no one finds out,or to correct the behavior in order to

24、notbe caught.This goes in line with conscience as well.People generally feel in a better psychological state if they feelthat their conscience is clean.A dirty conscience can result in a lack of sleep,anxiety,internal stress,and evenillness.On the side of philosophy,the study of ethics(伦理)comes into

25、 play.Most philosophers agree that oneshould rationally choose a set of standards of behavior in order to function.Though there is moral relativism,there are universal anthropological(人类学的)morals,as mentioned in the introduction.By the nature of oursocieties and cultures,we choose what we believe is

26、 right and wrong.But surprising,this rational behavior comesto a general agreement on morals.So,there is a fine line between moral relativism and moral absolutism.But themain thing to take away from this discussion is that philosophers generally believe that each individual has theright to rationall

27、y come up with a set of ethics to live by,and that it is healthy to do so.8.The author discusses morality(paragraph 1)in order to _.A.explain the relationship between morality and cultureB.describe the moral rules found all around the worldC.contrast the distinction between right and wrongD.introduc

28、e the definition,principles and reasons of morality9.It can be inferred from the passage that _.A.acting moral allows us to fit into group betterB.morality brings the system of controlling behaviorC.contrast the distinction between right and wrongD.introduce the definition,principles and reasons of

29、morality10.Which of the following is the psychological basis for acting moral?A pursuit of self-interest.B.a clean conscience.C.The concern about reputation.D.a dirty conscience.11.What does the author advise us to do according to the last paragraph?A.To reach a general agreement on morals based on

30、ethics.B.to carve ones own sense of ethics to operate in this world.C.To choose between moral relativism and moral absolutism.D.To exclude philosophers beliefs and solution as well.DMany of us in China enjoy adding chilies(辣椒)toour food,but did you know that this spicy vegetable couldalso be dangero

31、us?A 34-year-oldUSman recently ended up in hospital after eating a Carolina Reaperthe spiciestchili in the world.After taking just a single bite of one,the man suffered from serious headaches in the followingfew days,reported BBC News.In fact,reports of stomachache and headache caused by eating spic

32、y food are not something unusual.But ifchilies are harmful,why is it that human beings are the only animals to eat this vegetable?According to thewebsite Huanqiu,about 600 million Chinese peoplealmost half of the national populationare chili eaters.Sowhat makes people love chilies so much?The human

33、body reacts to the burning feeling that comes from eatingchilies by releasing natural chemicals that“produce a sense of happiness”,noted BBC News.And the benefits go even further than just personal enjoyment.A survey conducted by the Chinese Academyof Medical Sciences found that the death rate of th

34、ose who eat spicy food once or twice a week is 10 percentlower than those who eat it less than once a week.The number decreased to 14 percent for those who eat spicyfood six to seven times a week.And another study done by theUniversityofVermontcame to a similar conclusion.“The data encourages people

35、 to eat more spicy food to improve health and reduce death risk at an early age,”LiuQi,a nutritionist at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health,told BBC News.Chilies have anti-cancer quality and the ability to increase our metabolism(新陈代谢).So,dont worry if youlove spicy food.It seems that chili

36、es are actually good for usexcept for the Carolina Reaper,perhaps.12.The example of a 34-year-old American is mentioned in Paragraph 1 to prove _.A.chiliescan be beneficialB.chilies are popular inAmericaC.chilies can be dangerousD.serious headaches can be dangerous13.Eating chilies gives people a se

37、nse of happiness by_.A.decreasing death rateB.releasing natural chemicalsC.curing serious headachesD.providing enough nutrition14.Which of the following statement is TRUE?A.Human are the only animals to eat chilies.B.Stomachache and headaches caused by chilies is something unusual.C.The more chilies

38、 you eat,the healthier you are.D.Chilies have anti-cancer quality but it cant increase our metabolism.15.The writer wrote the passage to _.A.warn people of the dangers of chiliesB.ask people to eat Carolina ReaperC.encourage people to eat more chiliesD.tell people the benefits of chilies第二节（共第二节（共 5

39、 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 1 10 0 分）分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项The American bookWhoMovedMyCheesehas been a best-seller all over the world._16_Now its author Spence Johnson has written a book just for teenagers.The book tells us that when facing changes in our lives,like a new schoo

40、l or new friends,dont beafraid.Instead,use these changes to make a better life._17_A school is changing from having two terms to three terms because there are too manystudents.Several teenagers are talking about this.Most of them are unhappy and worried.But Chris laughs and tellsa story about two mi

41、ce,two little people and some cheese._18_Here,cheese means something important inlife,like moving to a new class or getting into college._19_The mice realize that they cant change what has happened and have to find more cheese._20_The littlepeople,however,cant do this.They are afraid of change so th

42、ey find no cheese.After Chris finishes the story,the friends understand one thing:to get more cheese,move in a new directionquickly.His friends understand how this can be used in the changes all teenagers face,such as doing well at schoolor having good relationships or just feeling good about yourse

43、lf.A.But they find the cheese is gone.B.This means finding different dreams.C.The four are in a maze looking for the cheese.D.The book gives an example of a change at school.E.It teaches people how to face changes in their lives.F.However,some strange things happened in a school.G.It tells a story w

44、hich happened between mice and people.第二部分第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分语言运用（共两节，满分4545 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 2020 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项One of the greatest things about getting out of the city is heading into nature and really communingwith(与融为一体)the Earth and wild

45、life.But sometimes,the_21_finds its way into the city.A man named Tom Bell lives inLondon.When he went up to his rooftop to take a break one day,he realizedhe wasnt_22_.But dont worry.His_23_was of the fuzzy(毛茸茸的)variety.A wild fox had made itsway up to the roof just in time to_24_the sunset.It was

46、getting_25_and cold,but fortunately,therewas a_26_laid out and ready for it!The tired fox just_27_to have a sleep.Tom quickly_28_the event online with the world and received many_29_.People wereobviously_30_by the truly unbothered fox._31_the lucky man,the fox got up therethrough the fire escape.A m

47、an named Steve even played it some music to make sure the fox hadthe_32_evening!In fact,Londonis home to many foxes,_33_not all of them are this cute and beautiful.Theyvecome to be called urban foxes and they began to make themselves_34_in London back in the 1930swhen the city s growth started_35_th

48、eir natural territory(领地)And they live in cities alloverEngland.It is_36_that theres a population of about 33,000 urban foxes in total in the country.Once Tom shared his_37_house guest,others aroundLondonalso started_38_photosof their urban foxes!Well,its probably safe to say that were a little envi

49、ous(羡慕的)of these lucky persons andtheir fuzzy visitors.It is_39_to see that people and the wilderness can live together_40_.21.A.sunlightB.roadC.photoD.wilderness22.A.awakeB.awayC.aloneD.alike23.A.visitorB.neighborC.friendD.audience24.A.overlookB.followC.catchD.mark25.A.wetB.quietC.riskyD.dark26.A.m

50、apB.blanketC.gardenD.bed27.A.wantedB.pretendedC.happenedD.continued28.A.readB.foundC.sharedD.checked29.A.likesB.ticketsC.lettersD.orders30.A.encouragedB.attractedC.confusedD.supported31.A.Because ofB.According toC.Instead ofD.Expect for32.A.perfectB.eventfulC.stormyD.final33.A.ifB.andC.orD.but34.A.o