现在完成时语法练习课_新目标-课件.ppt

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1、Welcome to our class-现在完成时态语法练习课语法练习课时态不同时间发生的动作，动词要用不同形式已已学习过的时态学习过的时态名称名称时间时间动动动词形式动词形式一般现在时一般现在时平时，经常平时，经常 1.v原形原形 2.v+s/es（三单现）三单现）现在进行时现在进行时正在进行正在进行am/is/are+v-ing一般将来时一般将来时即将，计划即将，计划 1.will/shall+v原形原形2.am/is/are going to+v原形原形一般过去时一般过去时过去（与现过去（与现在无关）在无关）1.v-ed（规则动词）规则动词）2.不规则动词不规则动词过去进行时过去进行时

2、过去某一时过去某一时间，在进行间，在进行was/were+v-ing1.v原形原形 2.v+s/es（三单现）三单现）am/is/are+v-ing1.will/shall+v原形原形2.am/is/are going to+v原形原形1.v-ed（规则动词）规则动词）2.不规则动词不规则动词was/were+v-ing判断下列句子的时态判断下列句子的时态1.She works in a factory.2.I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.3.We are going to have a picnic this Sunday.4.T

3、hey held a sports meeting last week.5.Are you helping your mother?一般现在时一般现在时一般现在时一般现在时过去进行时过去进行时一般将来时一般将来时一般过去时一般过去时现在进行时现在进行时动词的过去分词形式动词的过去分词形式1.规则动词2.不规则动词finish-finished-finishedlive-lived-livedcarry-carried-carriedstopstopped-stoppedEg.gowentgonesee-sawseenforgetforgot-forgotten 表表示示经经历历或或经经验验。常

4、常与与ever或或never连用。如：连用。如：Have you ever been to Hong Kong?Ive never traveled by air.用用 法法 I have already written to her.She hasnt spent much time on it yet.表表示示刚刚刚刚发发生生过过的的动动作作或或事事情情，常常与与just连用。连用。They have just sent us a telegram.She has just come here.表示最近发生的动作或情况。常与表示最近发生的动作或情况。常与yet或或already连用。如：连

5、用。如：表表示示过过去去发发生生，目目前前还还有有可可能能仍仍在在继继续续下下去去的的动动作作或或事事情情。常常与与since或或for连用连用(动作的持续性要通过一段时间来表示动作的持续性要通过一段时间来表示)E.g.Kate has lived here for 3 years.Kate has lived here since 3 years ago.Kate has lived here since she came to Chinafor 和和since的运用对比的运用对比:for:+一段时间一段时间 for two weeks for three yearssince 过去的某一时

6、刻过去的某一时刻 since then since last month 一般过去时态的时间状语从句一般过去时态的时间状语从句 since she left注意注意:for 和和since 所引导的时间状语都所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间表示一段时间.He has been away for a week.He has been away since last week.对对划线部分提问都用划线部分提问都用How long 现在完成时态是中考的必考时态，由于现在完成现在完成时态是中考的必考时态，由于现在完成时态既涉及到过去，又联系到现在，和一般过去时态，时态既涉及到过去，又联系到现在，和一般过

7、去时态，一般现在时态，现在进行时态既有联系，又有一般现在时态，现在进行时态既有联系，又有 区别，所以同学们掌握起来比较困难。区别，所以同学们掌握起来比较困难。现在完成时动词构成现在完成时动词构成 have/has+v 过去分词过去分词 助动词助动词否定否定haventhasnt疑问疑问Have you?Has he?1.都表示过去发生的事2.现在完成时强调过去和现在的联系，不能和具体的时间状语连用；3.一般过去时强调过去发生的事或状态与表示过去的具体时间连用（last,ago,yesterday,etc.）presentpastI have lived here for two yearsI

8、have lived here for two yearsI lived there 2 years agoI lived there 2 years ago现在完成时与一般过去时的区别现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 当有一个表示过去某时的状语时，不当有一个表示过去某时的状语时，不能用现在完成时，而多用一般过去时。能用现在完成时，而多用一般过去时。I saw Mary an hour ago.She lost her handbag yesterday.有些时间状语，既能用于现在完成时，有些时间状语，既能用于现在完成时，又能用于一般过去时，但意义上有差别。又能用于一般过去时，但意义上有差别。Iv

9、e written three letters this morning.（说话时仍是上午）说话时仍是上午）I wrote three letters this morning.（说话时仍是上午或晚上）（说话时仍是上午或晚上）现在完成时强调动作或事情发生在过现在完成时强调动作或事情发生在过去，一直延续到现在，而且还有可能继续延去，一直延续到现在，而且还有可能继续延续下去；而一般过去时只表示发生在过去的续下去；而一般过去时只表示发生在过去的动作或事情。动作或事情。I have taught this class for ten years.（还在教）（还在教）I taught this clas

10、s for two years.（曾教过两年，现在不教了）（曾教过两年，现在不教了）1.我们买这本书三年了我们买这本书三年了.We have had the book for three years.2.他感冒三天了他感冒三天了.He has had a cold for three days.We bought the book three years ago.He caught a cold three days ago.一般过去时态和现在完成时态同义转换一般过去时态和现在完成时态同义转换3.我借的这本书一周多了我借的这本书一周多了.I have kept the book for a w

11、eek.4.我成为一个学生两年多了我成为一个学生两年多了.I have been a student for over two years.I borrowed the book a week ago.I became a student two years ago.5.Mr Black死了三年了。死了三年了。Mr Black has been dead for three years.Mr Black died three years ago.重点句型重点句型:It is/has been+段时间段时间+since从句从句 段时间段时间+has passed+since从句从句eg.他死了两

12、年了：He died two years ago.He has been dead for two years/since two years ago It is/has been two years since he died.Two years has passed since he died.注注:现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状不能和表示过去的时间状yesterday,last year,in 1980,three days ago,just now,when I came in等连用连用Pay attention 注意注意1.现在完成时句中常见的时间状语现在完成时句中常见的时间状语A

13、.表示从过去一直持续到现在表示从过去一直持续到现在,不能是具体过去时间不能是具体过去时间 (1).for+表示表示一段一段时间的短语时间的短语 (2).since+表示表示过去时间点过去时间点的词语的词语 (3).since+表示过去时间的时间状语表示过去时间的时间状语从句从句eg.I have been a teacher _ a year.He has been at this school _ 1992.We have learned 1,000 English words _ we came to this school.forsincesince不能是具体过去时间不能是具体过去时间

14、B.just,already,yet,before/ever,never 有此类副词时有此类副词时,常强调动作完成常强调动作完成,不强调动作的持续不强调动作的持续.eg.Have you _been to Japan?I have _ finished my homework.I have finished my homework _.I havent finished my homework _.everjustalreadyyet2.区分区分短暂性动词短暂性动词与与持续性动词持续性动词.英语的行为动词大体可以分为两大类型：一是英语的行为动词大体可以分为两大类型：一是延续延续性的动词，性的动

15、词，二是二是短暂短暂性动词。性动词。延续行动词延续行动词是指那些动是指那些动作意义不会一下完成，而是可以延续、发展的动词。作意义不会一下完成，而是可以延续、发展的动词。如：如：work,read,write,study等等,短暂性动词短暂性动词是指那些动作是指那些动作一次完成，不能延续的动词。如：一次完成，不能延续的动词。如：come,go,buy,die,等。等。表示短暂性表示短暂性(瞬间性瞬间性)的动词在现在完成时的句中的动词在现在完成时的句中不能不能和和一段时间一段时间连用连用.即即for,since短语或短语或how long问句问句I have bought this pen for

16、 two months.I have had this pen for two months.How long have you _ this pen.hadThe play has begun for an hour.has been on for an hour.结束性动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用结束性动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,但是他可以转但是他可以转换成相应的延续性动词换成相应的延续性动词.1.直接用延续性动词直接用延续性动词 buy have catch(get)a cold have a cold borrowkeepCome/go/becomebe put on

17、-wear2.转换成转换成be+名词名词 join the army be a soldierJoin the Party be a Party membergo to school be a student 3转换成转换成be+形容词或副词形容词或副词 diebe dead finish be over beginbe on leavebe away fall sleep be asleep close be closed4.转换成转换成 be+介词短语介词短语 go to school be in school join the army be in the army1.我们买这本书三年了

18、我们买这本书三年了.We have had the book for three years.2.他感冒三天了他感冒三天了.He has had a cold for three days.We bought the book three years ago.He caught a cold three days ago.一般过去时态和现在完一般过去时态和现在完成时态可以构成同意句成时态可以构成同意句Correcting 1.I have borrowed the book for 3 months.2.My bother has joined the army since he was 18

19、.3.Jack and Tom have lived here since 5 years.4.The film has been on since I have come to the cinema.5.When has Mr.Li caught a bad cold?have kepthas been in/been a member of the armysince 5 years ago/for 5 yearscame didcatch6.Ten years have passed since they got married.7.Jim has gone to Beijing for

20、 2 years.8.What time have the factory opened?9.I have gone to Chunhua Middle School twice10,The dog has died for a month.hashas been indidopenbeen tobeen dead改写句子改写句子改写句子改写句子1.My father came back from the bookshop just now.My father _ just _ _ the book shop.2.He began to learn Chinese in 2001.He _ _

21、 Chinese since 2001.3.The film began two minutes ago.The film _ _ _ since two minutes ago.4.He has had the motorbike for two years.Its two years _he _ the motorbike.He _ the motorbike two years _.Two years _ _ since he _ the motor bikehasreturned fromhaslearnedhas been on sinceboughtboughtagohas pas

22、sedbought用所给用所给动词的适当形式填空动词的适当形式填空1.He_(go)to America the year before last.2.-What _ you _(do)?-I _(be)a teacher.3.Do you like _(drink)milk?4.He _ _(not have)his supper yet.5.We _ (see)Uncle Li tomorrow.6.Joans mother often _ at four,now she _(cook)7.He _(read)a book when the accident _(happen).8._ (

23、travel)by air is very fast9.Let us _(wait)outside.10.The teacher told us _(not talk)any more.wentdo doamdrinkinghasnt hadare going to seecooksis cookingwas readinghappenedTraveling waitnot to talk思考思考Whats the difference between the blue words and the red ones?Exercises I am an American boy I came t

24、o China two years ago.I _(study)here for two years.My father often (take)me_ (play)football on the playground.Last week I _(take)to the park by him.We saw a lot of monkeys (jump)in the tree.I heard a voice from behind When I (walk )along the river.I thought myself.“It must_(be)Mr.Brown.He _(take)photos.”We _ (enjoy)that day.We _ (go)back to America next week.have studied takesto playWas taken was walkingjumpbeis takingenjoyedwill go