Unit 3 单元测评 -2021-2022学年高中英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册(含答案).docx

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1、第三单元测评第二局部 阅读（共两节，总分值50分）第一节（共15小题;每题2.5分，总分值37.5分）阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最正确选项。AKangaroos have long been a nuisance to many Australian farmers.Keeping these kinds of animals away from their crops and water supplies has become a continuous fight.A traditional way has been a series of the huge sc

2、reaming （尖叫）from loudspeakers.Researchers have found that kangaroos often become used to these man-made sounds and take little notice of them.Australian farmers could be about to get an unusual new weapon （武器）to protect their crops from kangaroos.Researchers in Melbourne have found that kangaroos ca

3、n be frightened away by the loud sound of their own large feet.It appears to be quite a breakthrough.This is the noise these animals make when they feel danger before running away quickly.Using the animals own alarm system could be what angry farmers have been looking for.Animal rights protectors ar

4、e happy about this new finding.When people complain that the number of kangaroos has risen quickly,they see that a large number of kangaroos have been killed or injured on Australian roads by cars and trucks.Also,they don t want several million to be shot dead every year by human beings.Researchers,

5、who are hoping to develop their footstep sound technology,believe it could also be used to lead kangaroos away from busy highways.The protectors are in favour of this solution which can prevent kangaroos from being harmed and also please the farmers.21 .What problem do kangaroos bring to Australian

6、farmers?A.Breaking into houses.B.Making noises.C.Frightening farmers.Destroying crops.22 .What is the new way to drive away kangaroos?A.Cutting off water supplies.B.Killing them with guns.C.Using the sound of their own footsteps.D.Sending man-made sound through loudspeakers.23 .Why do animal rights

7、protectors agree with this new solution?A.Because it costs less.B.Because they prefer new technology.C.Because it s a prevention-and-protection way.D.Because it can help reduce the traffic accidents.第三单元测评【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。澳大利亚的研究人员创造了一种预防袋鼠破坏庄稼的方法。 21.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Keeping these kinds of animals awa

8、y from their crops and water supplies has become a continuous fight.”及第二段中 的“.to protect their crops from kangaroos”等内容可知，在澳大利亚，袋鼠经常破坏农民的庄稼，应选D项。22 .C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Researchers in Melbourne have found that kangaroos can be frightened away by the loud sound of their own large feet.This is the noise t

9、hese animals make when they feel danger before running away quickly.”可知,研究人员发现袋鼠会被自己大脚的声音吓跑， 因此用这种声音驱逐袋鼠很有效。应选C项。23 .C 推理判断题。根据文章最后的“The protectors are in favour of this solution which can prevent kangaroos from being harmed and also please the farmers.“可知，用袋鼠 自 己的脚步声驱逐 它们既能保护袋鼠不被伤害，又能解决袋鼠破坏庄稼的问题，让农

10、民们高兴,这是一种预防和保护 的方法，应选C项。【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在美国濒临灭绝的锈迹大黄蜂的情况，说明了其 灭绝的原因以及采取的保护措施。24 .C 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The rusty patched bumblebee is the first of its species to be declared endangered in the lower 48 statesmeaning every state except Alaska and Hawaii.”可次口，有 48个州宣布锈迹大黄蜂濒临灭绝。应选C项。25 .D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The

11、 officials also suggest that gardeners leave their plants alone at the end of the summer instead of cutting them.That way,the bees will have a place to live over the winter.”可知，官员们还建议园丁们在夏末的时候不要修剪植物，而是将它们留在园中。 这样，蜜蜂就有地方过冬了。由此推知，定期剪植物对锈迹大黄蜂是有害的。应选D项。26 .C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The insects directly fertilise

12、many kinds of fruit and vegetable crops.And they fertilise grain crops used to feed cattle and milk cows.It costs billions of dollars to duplicate the job the bees do for free.”可知，这些昆虫直接给许多水果和蔬菜作物施肥，它 们还为喂牛和奶牛的谷物施肥，复制蜜蜂这些免费的工作要花费数十亿美元。由此推知,锈迹大 黄蜂对土地的主人是有益的。应选C项。27 .A 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句The Fish and Wild

13、life Service says the rusty patched bumblebee was added to the endangered species list partly because of habitat loss.”可知，鱼类和野生 动物管理局说锈迹大黄蜂被列入濒危物种名单，局部原因是栖息地丧失。由此可知，本文主要说 明大黄蜂被加入了美国濒危物种名单。应选A项。【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了马尔代夫遇到海平面上升引起的生存危机以及各 方为对抗海平面上升而做出的努力。28 .B 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“But the rising sea level an

14、d the carbon pollution causing warming oceans are threatening their existence.”可知，海平面上升和碳污染威胁着马尔代夫。应选 B项。29 .C 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句They re also building up islands such as the Hulhumale.” 以及第三、四句 More than 40,000 people live there.The plan is to house 240,000,providing new opportunities for jobs.”可知，这座岛屿正

15、在建造中,现在有4万多人住在这里，计划容纳24万人。 C 项“240,000 people live on the Hulhumale now.”与文中内容不符，表述错误。30 .A 推理判断题。根据文章末段第一句Climate change is happening,but we are not leaving the Maldives to the sea/ said Environment Minister Thoriq Ibrahim.”可推知,当地政府正在采取一 些措施保护马尔代夫。应选A项。31 .D 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了马尔代夫遇到的海平面上升造成的生存危机，以及各方为 对

16、抗海平面上升而做出的努力。D 项 “The Maldives and Their Fight Against the Rising Sea Level” 能够概括文章主旨，适合作本文标题。【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了过度包装的现状、人们对包装的认识和过度包装 的危害，指出虽然有更多人已经开始循环利用,但形势很严峻，改变现状是一项艰巨的任务。32 .D 词义猜想题。根据画线词所在句（我们正在以最环保的方式处理 的后果，但如果我们一开始不带那么多的材料回家，情况会好得多）可知，画线局部意义应为“过度消费”，与后面的 “不带那么多的材料“形成比照转折。应选D项。33 .D 推理判断题。根

17、据第二段中引用的数字（从1999年到2005年，包装总量增加了 12%。它 现在占了英国典型家庭垃圾的三分之一）可知,作者使用数字的目的是让读者清楚地理解过度包 装的现实问题。应选D项。34 .C 推理判断题。第四段讲述了人们对于包装不好的物品的固有认识,即人们普遍认为包装 不好的物品质量肯定差，可以推断出以包装评判产品是不对的。应选C项。35 .A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture,but we have a mountain to climb.可知,我们需要面对我们消费文化中的浪费，

18、但我们还有 一座高山要攀登，所以抗击浪费任务艰巨。应选A项。【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些保护环境的方法,如降低能源、使用公 共交通、减少塑料和废物、种植物等。36 .B 分析文章可知，文章采用了总分结构，第一段为总起段，因此最后一句需起到总起作用，引出 下文介绍的一些保护环境的方法,B项符合语境。37 .D 第二段第一句提到“Turn off lights and unplug power strips that you re not using.”,说明这 是一件非常简单的、随手就可以做的事，故D项符合语境。38 .A 第三段的主旨大意是使用公共交通,A项中提到,步行、骑

19、自行车或乘坐公交车可以减少 尾气和碳排放，符合第三段的语境。39 .F 空格处是段落小标题。第四段提到要拒绝使用不必要的塑料吸管、盖子、塑料袋，不要 使用塑料袋来储存食物。F项提到减少塑料和废物,符合第四段的语境。40 .G 最后一段提到可以养一些比拟容易照顾的植物。G项中提到“Lucky Bamboo”就是一个特 别好的选择,因为它几乎不需要怎么照顾就可以生长。由此可判断G项是对上文的进一步解释， 符合语境。【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者女儿喂养小动物的故事。41 .B 根据下文的“took good care of them”可知,女儿认真照顾小鸡,excited “兴奋的符合

20、语境。 surprised “吃惊的”;disappointed“失望的”;amazed “惊讶的”。42 .C 根据下文的“both chickens died”可知,unfortunately“不幸地”符合语境。naturally”自然而 然地3suddenly 突然地最后”。43 .C 因为它们的死，她突然大哭起来(burst into tears)o break打破”;happen“发生转变”。44 .A 由“under a tree behind our house”可知，作者帮她把死掉的小鸡埋在了房子后的一棵树下。 bury埋葬”;put 放殳置”。45 .A 结合上下文可知，作者

21、认为小鸡死后，女儿就不会再养其他小动物了,故此处指她的想法结 束了，符合语境。end结束beginning“开始”;wish希望reality现实”。46 .A 根据下文的“She still tried to keep a small animal or even a snail.”可知，之前的经历并没有让 她沮丧(upset),女儿仍然想养小动物。encourage“鼓励;help“帮助impress”使印象深刻”。47 .B 去年冬天的一天，作者注意到(noticed)屋檐下有麻雀一家。stare“凝视”;sense“感觉到”； glare 瞪.C 结合句意可知，要想把麻雀作为宠物，首先

22、得抓住它们，且下文的“Mum,can we catch and cage the sparrows”也有暗示,catch 是原词复现。look“看;act行动;catch“抓”;feed喂”。48 .D 根据上下文，作者是一个善良温柔的人，故此处用“放(put)”更能表达出这一点。throw“扔”;pour“倾倒”;pile“堆。49 .A 几分钟之后，麻雀一只接一只地停到窗台上开始啄食谷物。结合句意可知，此处用“一只 接一(one after another)” 来表达麻雀的数量较多。one another“相互”;every other”其余的;each other “相互”。50 .C

23、结合上文的“One day last winter”可知，事情发生在冬天，所以cold符合语境。51 .A 根据下文的“No one can keep them in a cage.”可知，作者告诉女儿没有人能够把麻雀关在 笼子里，故推测她告诉女儿它们喜欢自由(freedom)。52 .D 根据上文的“The sparrow is a bird who loves.”可知，麻雀习惯在户外生活。safe“安 全的”;proucT骄傲的”;grateful感激的be used to doing sth意为“习惯做某事.C 根据上文的“we have set up a kind of relatio

24、nship with the sparrow family”可知，作者一家和 麻雀建立了很好的关系，故推测他们把麻雀一家当成自己的宠物来对待(treat)。think“想，认 为 ”;dream“ 梦想”;appreciate“感激”。53 .A 作者和女儿都是爱鸟之人，所以喜欢看这些小鸟在春天的早晨在树枝、树叶和花朵间飞 来飞去。enjoy“享受，喜欢”;would like想”;want“想”;consider“考虑，认为“。【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了越南农民Tuan受到袁隆平故事的激励而努力去 提高农作物产量的故事。54 .of考查介词。句意:几十年来，他一直在努力让他的家

25、人摆脱饥饿。rid sb of是固定短语，意 为“使某人摆脱故填of。57 .to expand 考查动词不定式。句意:但是，如何扩大农作物产量这个问题一直困扰着他。此句 是“疑问词+不定式”作主语。故填to expand。58 .disturbing 考查形容词。句意:这个令人烦恼的问题导致他后悔当了 一个农民。形容词修饰 名词作定语。故填disturbingo.another考查限定词。句意:他宁愿选择另一份工作。another job意为“另一份工作”。故填 another o59 .focused 考查动词时态。句意:他在袁隆平的国籍和职业下画了线，然后开始专注于他的发现 和他的研究数

26、据。根据上文中“He underlined Yuan s nationality and occupation”的时态，可知谓 语动词用一般过去时。故填focused。60 .practical考查形容词。句意:他发现袁隆平的知识非常实用。此处形容词作宾语补足语。故 填 practical。61 .himself考查代词。句意:他种植了营养丰富的超级谷物,并配备了防止细菌和害虫的设备。 本句的主语为heo主语与宾语为同一个人或者事物时，宾语用反身代词,所以此处用反身代词 himself 作宾语。故填 himselfo.reducing 考查非谓语动词。句意:他还增加了土壤中的矿物质，同时减少了

27、化肥的使用。分 析句子可知，此处是非谓语动词作状语,he和reduce在逻辑上是主谓关系，应用动词的-ing形式。 故填 reducing o62 .freedom 考查名词。句意:虽然这让他失去了更多的时间和自由,但是他充满了希望。此空 与time并列，作宾语。故填freedomo.his考查代词。句意:第二年,Tuan虽然晒黑了，但对自己的产品很满意。名词前应用形容性 物主代词。故填his。写作 第一节Deal fellow students,Our school has started a programme of garbage sorting.lt is my great honou

28、r to represent the Students? Union to make our voice heard on it.As we all know,we produce lots of garbage,such as leftover food,waste paper and plastic bottles every day,which becomes a big headache in our life.Therefore,garbage sorting is a good way of dealing with it.lt is beneficial to us in the

29、 following ways.To begin with,we can recycle what can be reused to save more resources.Besides,harmful materials in the sorted garbage can be properly treated to avoid environment pollution. As students,we are supposed to tell different types of garbage and put them in different dustbins to make rec

30、ycling easier.Now I am here to call on everyone to take action together to make the environment clean and beautiful.Yours,Li Hua 第二节It seemed as if Robert would be dyi n g.Just at the moment,Henry happened to be passing by.Hearing the screams,Henry ran to the riverside,threw off his clothes and jump

31、ed into the water without hesitation.He reached Robert just as he was sinking the last time.By great effort,and with much danger to himself,he brought Robert to the shore.Thus,Robert s life was saued.Robert and his new friends were ashamed at having called Henry a coward.They realised that Henry had

32、 true courage.They said sorry to Henry for their rude behaviour and asked for his forgiveness.Henry forgave them happily.He and Robert were friends again and they went home together as usual.From this,Robert learned what true courage was:never be afraid to do good,but always fear to do evil.A small

33、insect is getting a lot of attention in the United States.The rusty patched bumblebee（大黄蜂） is the first of its species to be declared endangered in the lower 48 states-meaning every state except Alaska and Hawaii.The rusty patched bumblebee is named for a rust-coloured line on its back.The U.S.Fish

34、and Wildlife Service announced this month it was adding the bee to its endangered species list.The insects are “on the brink of extinction,according to the service.lt said the bees were once found in 28 states.But there now are only small populations remaining in 13 states.The government agency will

35、 make a plan to help the dying bees recover.The agency said that such a plan might help other insects,like butterflies.US officials think land owners can take small steps to help the rusty patched bumblebee.They say land owners can be friendlier towards bees by using native plants in their gardens.T

36、he insects directly fertilise many kinds of fruit and vegetable crops.And they fertilise grain crops used to feed cattle and milk cows.It costs billions of dollars to duplicate the job the bees do for free.Land owners are also being urged to cut back on their use of pesticide products.The officials

37、also suggest that gardeners leave their plants alone at the end of the summer instead of cutting them.That way,the bees will have a place to live over the winter.The Fish and Wildlife Service says the rusty patched bumblebee was added to the endangered species list partly because of habitat loss.Oth

38、er reasons were disease,pesticides and climate change.Officials are worried that other bees will suffer,too. Another species of bees in Hawaii is also endangered.24 .How many states declared the rusty patched bumblebee endangered?A.13.B.28.C.48.D.50.25 .Which one is harmful to the rusty patched bumb

39、lebee?A.Planting native plants.B.Reducing the use of pesticide products.C.Leaving plants alone.Cutting out plants regularly.26 . What can we know about the rusty patched bumblebee according to the text?A.All the states declared it as an endangered species.B.It is named for a rust-coloured line on it

40、s belly.C.It is beneficial to landowners.D.It is endangered mainly because of the habitat loss.27 .What is the passage mainly about?A.The bumblebee added to the US endangered species list.B.Why is the bumblebee on the brink of extinction.C.Take steps to help the bumblebee.D.The benefits of protectin

41、g bumblebee.Located in the Indian Ocean,the Maldives（马尔代夫）are among the most beautiful islands in the world,with white sandy beaches,clear water,and amazing coral reefs（珊瑚礁）.The country depends on tourism,fishing,and shipping.But the rising sea level and the carbon pollution causing warming oceans a

42、re threatening（威胁）their existence.The Maldives have asked for international help.They are a tiny country.The World Bank,the United States,the European Union,and many other groups have offered money to develop safeguards against climate change.To protect the islands,the Maldives have built sea walls

43、and increased the elevation（海拔）of important buildings and services such as the two international airports,which lie just 165 feet from the coastline.They re also building up islands such as the Hulhumale.The new island is surrounded by 9-foot sea walls.More than 40,000 people live there.The plan is

44、to house 240,000,providing new opportunities for jobs.The goal is an excellent planned community with sustainable housing and buildings sensitive to the environment and needs of the people.The government will move people living on smaller,lower-lying islands to the new built-up islands.The new islan

45、ds offer free houses,new schools,health hospitals,fresh water,and waste treatment.Depending on tourism,the country hopes to build 50 more tourist islands.“Climate change is happening,but we are not leaving the Maldives to the sea J said Environment Minister Thoriq Ibrahim.The Maldives will protect t

46、heir islands,people and tourism with new islands and ongoing island development against the rising sea level.28 .What makes it difficult for the Maldives to exist?A.Their tourism,fishing and shipping.B.Their rising sea level and carbon pollution.C.Their sandy white beaches and coral reefs.D.Their di

47、stant islands and warming oceans.29 .What do we fail to learn according to the passage?A.The Maldives are a small country.B.Many groups have helped the Maldives.C.240,000 people live on the Hulhumale now.D.The Hulhumale is surrounded by 9-foot sea walls.30 . Which of the following will Thoriq Ibrahi

48、m agree with?A.The Maldives will be protected.B.The Maldivians will leave all the islands.C.The Maldives should give up tourism.D.The Maldives will sink to the sea.31 . Which of the following is the best title for this passage?A.The Maldives and Their TourismB.The Maldives and Their Rising Sea LevelC.The Maldives and Their Climate ChangeD.The Maldives and Their Fight Against the Rising Sea LevelDAsk someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling.Recycling in the home is very important of course.However,being forced to recycle