英语国家概况课后习题答案.docx

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1、一、选择题（答案在下面）Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1. The two main islands of the British Isles are .A. Great Britain and IrelandB. Great Britain and ScotlandC. Great Britain and WalesD. Great Britain and England2. is the capital city of Scotland.A. BelfastB. EdinburghC.

2、 AberdeenD. CardiffAccording to a 2005 estimate, Britain now has a population of over million.A. 160B. 600C. 60D. 16Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, is the smallest.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern IrelandAlmost a quarter of the British population lives in England.A. northeasternB

3、. southeasternC. northwesternD. southwesternEnglish belongs to the group of Indo-European family of languages.A. CelticB. Indo-lranian C. GermanicD. RomanThe introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of words to English.A. Danish and FinnishB. Dutch and GermanC. French and Ital

4、ianD. Latin and Greek3. The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the influence.A. NormanB. DutchC. GermanD. DanishSamuel Johnsons dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of .A. grammarB. handwritingC. spellingD. pronunciationAt present, nearly of the world/s population co

5、mmunicate in English.A. halfB. a quarterC. one thirdD. one fifthThe attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. DanishC. CelticD. GermanicBy the late 7th century, became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic ChristianityB. Anglo-Saxon ChristianityC. Germanic Christia

6、nityD. Roman Christianity4. Westminster Abbey was built at the time of .A. St. AugustineB. Edward the ConfessorC. William the ConquerorD. Alfred the Great5. The marked the establishment of feudalism in England.A. Viking invasionB.signing of the Magna CartaC. Norman ConquestD.Adoption of common law6.

7、 The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of .A. the House of ValoisB.the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD.the House of Lancaster7. The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIITs effort to .A. divorce his wifeB. break with RomeC. support the ProtestantsD. declare his

8、supreme power over the church8. The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between .A. Protestants and PuritansB. Royalists and ParliamentariansC. nobles and peasantsD. aristocrats and Christians9. was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A. Bill of RightsB. Act of Supremacyproblems.(F)5.The economic a

9、pproach adopted by Tony Blair is different from that of the Labor party and the Conservative Party.(T)6.Blair made the Bank of England independent in order to separate politics and economic policy.(T)7.Britain is the worlds leading exporter of poultry and dairy products.(F)8.The fishing industry pro

10、vides more than 50%of Britains demand for fish.(T)9.Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil industry has a long history.(F)10.Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain.(T)Chapter 5 .The British government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s.(F)1 .Edu

11、cation in Britain is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and 15.(F).The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the state system and the independent system.(F)2 .When children finish their schooling at 16, they are required to take a national GCSE examination.(T).Graduates from state

12、 schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enter famous universities than those from independent schools.(T)6.In the 1960s, a large number of new universities were founded in Britain.(T).Most British people begin their day with reading the morning newspaper and end it watching television in

13、 the evening.(T)7 .The Times is the worlds oldest national newspaper(F).The BBC World Service broadcasts only in English throughout the world.(F)8 .Some British holidays are celebrated to mark the important events of the Christian calendar, and others are related to local customs and traditions.(T)1

14、 .The Canterbury Tales is a representative work of the Old English Period.(F).Renaissance is characterized by admiration of the Greek and Latin classics.(T)2 .Hamlet depicts the heros struggle with two opposing forces: moral integrity and the need to avenge his fathers murder.(T).Alexander Pope was

15、a great English poet who also translated Homers /ad.(T)5Jonathan Swift is probably the foremost prose satirist in the English language, and Robinson Crusoe is his masterpiece.(F).William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge brought the Romantic Movement to its height.(F)6 .Lord Byron distinguished

16、 himself by the musical quality of his short poems, such as Ode to the West Wind.(F)8Jane Austen was a well-known novelist of the stream of consciousness school.(F)9Joseph Conrad is classified as a forerunner of Modernism, which prevailed before World War II.(T). detailed in his works the dual probl

17、ems of the Third World: the oppression of colonialism and the chaos of postcolonialism.(T)Chapter 7.The Republic of Ireland occupies the entire area of the island of Ireland.(F)1 .The earliest inhabitants in Ireland were Celtic tribes from Europe.(F)3.In the 1800s, Ireland gained in prosperity becau

18、se it became a part of Britain.(F)1.1 n the 1930s, Ireland was not indeed a republic,but belonged to the Commonwealth of Nations.(T).To support the governments neutrality in World War II, there was no Irishman participating in the war.(F)5 .With the help of Britain, Ireland entered the EEC in 1973 w

19、ithout difficulties.(F)7.In 1949, Britain recognized the independence of the Irish Republic and returned the six northern countries.(F)1.1 n Ireland, both the House of Representatives and the Senate have the power of making laws.(F).English is the only official language in Ireland, because the major

20、ity of people speak it as their tongue.(F)9 .Catholicism in Ireland is more than a mere matter of private faith.(T)1 .The eastern highlands formed by the Appalachians hold one third of the countrys continental territory.(F).The climate in the United States can be classified as temperate,with some mi

21、ld subtropical and tropical zones.(T)2 .Almost through the middle of the United States, north to south,runs a well-known 50-centimeter rainfall line.(T).New York is the commercial and financial center of the United States , and it is composed of five boroughs including Manhattan, Brooklyn, the Bronx

22、, Staten Island, and Queens.(T)3 .San Francisco is the second largest city a代er New York and the world famous Hollywood and Disneyland are located here.(F)6,Half of the U.S. Population lives in the western metropolitan centers.(F)7 .The Blacks brought from Africa to America usually worked on plantat

23、ions or farms in the North.(F).During the 1830s and 1840s, many northern Europeans and Irish immigrants came to America.(T)8 .Almost half of the immigrants coming to the United States in the 1980s were Asians.(T)10.Basic American cultural values are freedom, equality and desire to work hard for a hi

24、gher standard of living.(T)Chapter 8 .America was named after Amerigo Vespucci, who arrived on the new continent after Columbus.(T)1 .The second Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia, and the Continental Army and Navy were founded under the command of Thomas Jefferson.(F).The Civil War not o

25、nly put an end to slavery, but also decided that America was a single, indivisible nation.(T)2 .Many American people approved of the Vietnam War.(F).During Clintons term, the economy developed steadily, resulting in a lower rate of unemployment.(T)3 .In 1990, American troops and the troops from alli

26、ed nations launched Operation Desert Storm in order to drive Iraqi troops out of Kuwait.(T).According to the American administration, Saddam Hussein and Osama bin Laden were responsible for the terrorist event on Septemberll,2001.(F)4 .The America government regarded Iraq a nation among the axis of

27、eviln.(T)9.On March 19,2003,American and United Nations troops, supported by several other countries, began an invasion of Iraq.(F)lO.AIthough the combat operations in Iraq are over; it is still hard for America to decide when to withdraw its army.(T) l.Bill of Rights was written into the Constituti

28、on in 1787.(F)2 .The form of American government is based on three main principles: federalism, the separation of powers, and respect for the Constitution and the rule of law.(T).The U.S. Congress is the legislative branch of the federal government and it consists of two houses: the House of Commons

29、 and the House of Lords.(F)3 .Certain presidential appointments must be approved by Congress.(T).The judicial branch of the federal government consists of a series of courts: the Supreme Court, the courts of appeals and the district courts.(T)4 .Like Britain, the United States has a two-party system

30、.(T).The Democratic Party is conservative in terms of its ideology.(F)5 .American presidential campaign adheres to the winner-take-all practice.(T).American foreign policy throughout the World War II was neutrality.(F)6 .American foreign policy during the Cold War period was containment and interven

31、tion.(T)Chapter 11l.America is the worlds largest industrial nation.(T).America has a mixed economy and the government has little control over businesses.(F)2 .Charter companies contributed to Britains successful colonization of the U.S.(T)4.In the U.S. Constitution, the recognition of the importanc

32、e of intellectual property could be identified.(T) 5.Although slavery was abolished as a result of the Civil War, the owners of plantation in the South made more profits from selling their agriculture products.(F)6 .President Roosevelts New Deal had little effect in dealing with the economic crisis

33、in the early 1930s.(F).The 1960s was a period of consolidation for the American businesses.(F)7 .American agricultural exports outweigh imports, leaving a surplus in the agricultural balance of trade.(T).Auto production is one of the important sectors in American manufacturing industry.(T)8 .The wor

34、ld economy has little to do with the growth and decline of the American foreign trade.(F)Chapter 121 .Education is governed by state and local governments instead of the national government in America.(T).AII American children are offered 12 years of compulsory public education.(T)2 .The first forma

35、l academic institution that a child attends is called kindergarten.(F).After 12 years of schooling, American students receive a bachelors degree at graduation.(F)3 .When selecting a college or university, undergraduate students have a great concern for its size, location and academic quality.(T).In

36、American institutions, a board of trustees composed of professionals is responsible for the administration.(F)7 .Usually, an undergraduate student has to earn 120 credits to receive a degree.(T).Yale university is the second eldest institution of higher learning in the United States.(F)9.It is The N

37、ew York Times that first uncovered the Watergate Scandal in 1972 through the efforts of two reporters.(F)lO.Thanksgiving Day falls on the fourth Tuesday in November.(F)Chapter 13.Jonathan Edwards and Benjamin Franklin are two sources of American literary spirit.(T)1 .Walt Whitman introduced great in

38、novations to American literature, and he devised a poetic style,free verse.(T).Emily Dickinsons poems are usually long, exploring the inner life of the individual.(F)2 .Stephen Crane is famous for his writings about Americans living in Europe.(F).Ezra Pound led the School of Imagism, which advocates

39、 a clear, highly visual presentation.(T)5 .As a Jewish writer, Saul Bellow focused on Jewish characters and social problems.(T).Jack Kerouaces On The Road is a representative work of uthe Beat Generation.(T)6 .Alice Walker was passionate about both the civil rights movement and the womens movement,

40、and The Color Purple is her masterpiece.(T).Americas most renowned playwright is Tennessee Williams, and his plays are highly experimental in form and style.(F)7 .Arthur Miller was concerned with the conflicts of the individual within society, and Death of a Salesman is his masterpiece.(T)Chapter 14

41、1 .Canada is the second largest country in the world in terms of territory.(T).Canadas expansive area can be divided into five geographic regions, each with a distinct landscape and climate.(T)2 .The lakes in Canada cover 7.6% of the Canadian landmass.(T).Canada has a typical oceanic climate influen

42、ced by both Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.(F)3 .The Seven Years* War led to the British control of most of the territories in Canada.(F).Canada was split into Upper Canada and Lower Canada in 1791.(T)4 .During World War II, neutral policy protected Canada from the wartime destruction.(F).Quebec separa

43、ted from Canada and established a French-speaking nation in the 1960s.(F)5 .Chretiens Liberal government succeeded in lowering the persistently high unemployment rate.(T).Canada was the first country in the world to allow same-sex marriage.(F)三、简答题Chapter 1 geography people and language1. what is th

44、e full name of the U.K?A: the full name is the united kingdom of great Britain and northern Ireland.2. Why do tourists from all over the world like to go to Scotland?A: because they like to enjoy the beautiful Scottish scenery, to drink the scotch whisky and to see the Scotsmen wearing kilts and pla

45、ying bagpipes.3. How many periods can the development of the English language be divided into and what are they?A:the development of English language be divided into three period :old English , middle English .modern English .4. Why did English become more important after the Black Death?A: the labo

46、ring and merchant classes grew in economic and social important after the Black Death. So English also grew in importance compared to French .Chapter 2 History5. What are the two components of the British parliament?A: they are the House of Commons and the House of Lords.6. What were some of Queen V

47、ictorias major achievements?A:the Queen Victorias major achievements in almost every aspect : she promoted further industrial revolution, the building of railways and the growing of trade and commerce. By the end of her reign , British had developed to an empire including a quarter of the global pop

48、ulation and nearly a quarter of the worlds landmass.7. What were the two camps in Europe in world war I?A: The central powers which included Germany ,Austria-Hungary , the ottoman empire and Bulgaria and allied powers which were mainly comprised of France , the Russian empire ,and British empire , I

49、taly and the united states.8. Why did Britain cooperate closely with the united states after world war II?A: because they were allied during the war and share the same worries about the former soviet union. Chapter 3 government and the commonwealth9. What the three functions of the house of commons?A: the three functions are : to draft laws, to