2023届上海市奉贤区高三一模英语试题(含答案解析).docx
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1、2023届上海市奉贤区高三一模英语试题(含听力)学校:姓名:班级:考号:一、用单词的适当形式完成短文Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word th
2、at best fits each blank.Gray Hair Can Return to Its Original ColorFew signs of old age are clearer than the sight of gray hair. we grow older, our strands of hair lose their youthful color. Although this may seem like a permanent change, new research reveals that gray hairs 2 miraculously regain col
3、or at least temporarily.In one 1972 paper, the late doctor Stanley Coniaish reported an isolated case of a 38-year-old man, with his three strands 3 (be) light near the ends but dark near the roots. This signaled a reversal in the normal graying process. 4 begins at the root.A new study from researc
4、hers at Columbia University is the first 5 (offer) quantitative evidence linking psychological stress to graying hair in people. Having analyzed individual hairs from 14 volunteers, researchers compared the results with each volunteers stress diary, in which individuals review of their calendars and
5、 each weeks level of stress rated are included.When hairs were aligned with (-tj对照)stress diaries, striking associations betweenstress and hair graying 6(re veal) and, in some cases, there was a reversal of grayingwhen stress was removed. There was one individual who went on a long vacation, and fiv
6、e hairs on that persons head returned back to dark during the vacation.Although it may seem easy to understand 1 stress can speed up graying, the researchers were surprised to discover that hair color can be restored when stress is eased. We could picture hair as a powerful tool to assess the effect
7、s of 8 (early) life events on aging because hair provides a kind of physical record of past events, much 9 the rings of a tree. It?s pretty clear that the hair encodes part of your biological history in some way. Hair grows out of the body, and then it crystallizes into0 hard and stablethat holds th
8、e memory of your past.六、概要写作. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Why Camping Can Be So Much Fun?When you go on holiday, where do you like to stay? If you havent tried cam
9、ping, maybe you should join the increasing number of people who are enjoying the simple pleasures of camping.By grabbing your tent, and some additional things, it,s easy to head of! to the countryside and enjoy a night or two under the stars. Many campers are dumping the trappings of their modem, bu
10、sy life to do this, encouraged by experts who say a few peaceful nights in the middle of nowhere might be a good way to relax and improve our sleep patterns and well-being. It is also, of course, a good low-budget holiday option.For the adventurous, wild camping is an ideal way to escape from realit
11、y. Armed with just some food and a sleeping bag, youre free from rules, away from other people, and able to enjoy the back-to-basics experience. But for those who still want some home comforts, a campsite is a more suitable place (o fix your tent. Here you have facilities such as washrooms, a shop a
12、nd maybe even a restaurant. And for (he most luxurious camping experience, you could try glamping, a type of camping associated with extreme comforts and luxury.More recently, sales of camping equipment have jumped as more people have chosen a vacation spent at hometown due to travel restrictions ca
13、used by the pandemic. One camping retailer, Halfords, reported a sharp rise in demand for products such as stoves, cool boxes and camping chairs. With (he addition of soft pillows, powerful torches and lamps (o light up your tent and a better selection of easy-to-cook food, you can almost guarantee
14、a comfortable and enjoyable camping expedition. So maybe its time to give camping a try.七、汉译英(整句).她又把相册摊开在桌上未收,这是常有的事。(leave)(汉译英)51 .不久又会有一颗用于监测气象的卫星发射升空。(it)(汉译英).在中国传统文化中,红灯笼象征生活美满和生意兴隆,通常在春节等节FI悬挂。(symbolize)(汉译英).在偏远山区,空气很纯净,庄稼也不受污染,人们远离城市的喧嚣,过着简单而闲 适的生活。(free)(汉译英)八、其他应用文. Directions: Write an
15、 English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假如你是明启中学高三学生李华,你校学生会正在征集志愿者活动方案,请在以下三项 活动中选择项:、深入社区宣传环保知识;二、担任“奉贤博物馆”义务讲解员;三、 去孤儿院为孩子们上兴趣课。请你给学生会写封邮件,内容须包括:1 .你的选择及理由.你准备如何做参考答案:1. As 2. can#could#may#might 3. being 4. which 5. to offer 6. wererevealed 7. t
16、hat 8. earlier 9. like 10. something#the【导语】这是一篇说明文。新的研究表明,白发可以奇迹般地恢复颜色至少是暂时的。 文章介绍了这项研究的具体开展情况以及研究发现。1 .考查状语从句。句意:随着年龄的增长,我们的头发失去了青春的颜色。此处引导时间 状语从句,表示“随着“应用as,句首单词首字母要大写。故填As。2 .考查情态动词。句意:虽然这似乎是一个永久性的改变,但新的研究表明,白发可以/ 可能奇迹般地恢复颜色至少是暂时的。后跟动词原形,表示“可以”或“可能”,应用情态 动词 can/could/may/mighto 故填 can/could/may/
17、mighto.考查非谓语动词。句意:在1972年的一篇论文中,已故医生斯坦利科迈什报告了一个 38岁男子的孤立病例,他的三股发丝末端较浅,但发根附近较深。此处为with的复合结构, strands与be构成主动关系,应用现在分词,作宾补。故填being。3 .考查定语从句。句意:这标志着从根开始的正常变灰过程的逆转。此处引导非限制性定 语从句,修饰先行词process,从句缺少.主语,指物,应用which引导。故填which。4 .考查非谓语动词。句意:哥伦比亚大学研究人员的一项新研究首次提供了心理压力与人 们头发变白之间的定量证据。序数词后跟不定式,作后置定语。故填tooffer。5 .考查
18、时态语态。句意:当头发与压力口志对照时,压力和头发变白之间的显著关联被揭 示出来,在某些情况下,当压力消失时,头发变白的情况会逆转。主语与谓语构成被动关系, 根据后文was可知,应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为striking associations,谓语用复数。 故填 were revealed 1,.考查宾语从句。句意:虽然压力会加速头发变向似乎很容易理解,但研究人员惊讶地发 现,当压力缓解时,头发的颜色可以恢复。此处引导宾语从句,从句不缺少成分,句意完整, 应用that引导。故填that。6 .考查比较级。句意:我们可以把头发描绘成一个强有力的工具,来评估早期生活事件对 衰老的影响,因
19、为头发提供了一种过去事件的物理记录,就像树木的年轮一样。结合语境表 示“更早的“,应用比较级。故填earlier。7 .考查介词。句意:我们可以把头发描绘成一个强有力的工具,来评估早期生活事件对衰 老的影响,因为头发提供了一种过去事件的物理记录,就像树木的年轮一样。后跟名词作宾 语,表示“像”,应用likeo故填likeo.考查不定代词或冠词。句意:头发从身体里长出来,然后结晶成坚硬而稳定的东西,保 存着你过去的记忆。此处表示“坚硬的某物“应用不定代词something或用定冠词+形容词, 表示一类事物。故填something或the。8 . G 12. B 13. C 14. K 15. H
20、 16. F 17. J 18. E 19. D 20. I【导语】这是一篇记叙文。艾伦是一位先锋画家,他以传统的方式在画布上作画。他只是在 使用颜料方面不同于通常使用画笔的做法。文章对这位画家进行了介绍。9 .考查名词。句意:虽然他确实用毛笔来画他作品的主要线条,但他使用绘画刀来作画。 根据he uses painting knives to apply the paint”可知,此处是指用毛笔来画他作品的主要线条, 所以应用名词composition表示“作品”作宾语。故选G。10 .考查动词。句意:早期,他发现用画刀涂上的颜料给了他想要传达主题的特殊主体和纹 理。根据his subjec
21、ts”可知,此处是指表达画的主题,所以应用动词convey表示“传达”。故 选B。11 .考查名词。句意:这把刀可以留下各种各样的痕迹,从精致的修饰到激烈的横扫和油漆 的切片。根据“to fierce sweeping and slices of paint”可知,此处是指精致的修饰,所以应用名 词touch表示“修饰”作宾语。故选Co.考查动词。句意:艾伦有许多不同大小的绘画刀,但他更喜欢三到四把,因为经常使用, 这些刀现在都磨薄了。根据“with constant use”可知,此处是指这些刀现在都磨薄了。所以应 用动词wear表示“磨损故选K。12 .考查动词。句意:纸上的标记确保他不仅
22、捕捉到了真实的场景,还捕捉到了变化的光线、 风的方向以及伴随的声音和气味。根据not just the actual scene but also the changing light”可 知,此处是指他不仅捕捉到了真实的场景,还捕捉到了变化的光线,所以应用动词capture 表示“捕捉”。故选H。13 .考查形容词。句意:纸上的标记确保他不仅捕捉到了真实的场景,还捕捉到了变化的 光线、风的方向以及伴随的声音和气味。根据the direction of the wind和“sounds and smells 可知,此处是指伴随的声音和气味。所以应用形容词accompanying表示“伴随的”作
23、定语。 故选Fo14 .考查名词。句意:对于画家来说,在他离开现场很久之后,整个感官体验仍然固定在画 中。根据the changing light, the direction of the wind”和sounds and smells”可知,此处是指整 个感官体验仍然固定在画中,所以应用名词sensory表示“感官”作定语。故选J。15 .考查副词。句意:在他的一生中,艾伦广泛游历了许多特别的地方,这些地方激发了他 的创造性想象力。根据for particular places”可知,此处是指艾伦广泛游历了许多地方,所以 应用副词widely表示“广泛地”作状语。故选E。16 .考查名词。
24、句意:他是一个冒险的探索者,尽管有些地方很不方便或很困难。根据“or difficulty of some of the locations”可知,此处是指有时地方很不方便,所以应用名词 inconvenience表示不方便”作宾语。故选D。17 .考查动词。句意:很久以前,他决定放弃在户外创作大型油画的想法,因为这涉及画布、 油画颜料和许多其他工具。根据后文“He now travels light, taking only sketchbooks, pens and a few watercolours with him.”(他现在轻装旅行,只带速写本、钢笔和几幅水彩画。)可知,此 处是指
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