2019高中英语 Unit 12 Culture Shock Section Ⅱ Language Points (Ⅰ)(Warm-up.doc

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1、1SectionSection LanguageLanguage PointsPoints ()()(Warmup(Warmup & & LessonLesson 1)1)语 言 基 础 自 测.单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1 1She once made a brief(短暂的) appearance on television.2 2Students expectations(期望) were as varied as their expertise.3 3At the time，what hed done had seemed reasonable(合理的)4 4It is

2、 usual to tip(给小费) waiters，porters，guides and drivers.5 5The majority(大多数) of my patients come to me from out of town.6 6The rocks absorb more energy than they reflect.7 7When he got bored he wandered around the fair.8 8He made a public apology for the teams performance.9 9We exchanged addresses and

3、 Christmas cards.1010We owe a great deal to our parents.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1 1foggy adj.多雾的fog n雾2 2tasty adj.美味的taste n& v体验；滋味；品尝tasteless adj.无味的3 3brief adj.短暂的，简短的briefly adv.短暂地；简洁地，简要地4 4apology n道歉，认错apologize vi.道歉，表示歉意5 5expectation n期待的事物，预期expect vt.期望寻规律、巧记忆n.yadj.adj.lyadv.cloudcloudy

4、 多云的windwindy 多风的hairhairy 多毛的roughroughly 粗糙地quietquietly 轻轻地silentsilently 沉默地.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1 1be busy doing sth.忙于做某事2 2first of all 首先3 3get used to 习惯于4 4get confused 感到迷惑25 5as a result 因此；结果6 6in advance 提前7 7owe sb.an apology 欠某人一个道歉8 8afford to(do) 支付得起9 9be different from 不同于1010pay for 支

5、付.选词填空用上述短语的适当形式填空1 1They asked so many questions that I got confused2 2Everything must be planned in advance3 3Happiness lies，first of all，in health.4 4The country cannot afford to absorb these losses.5 5Tom has got used to eating with chopsticks.寻规律、巧记忆get过去分词动词短语v.off动词短语get hurt 受伤get lost 迷路get

6、 dressed 穿衣put off 推迟set off 出发，动身give off 发出.经典句式仿写背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实1 1.I wishwish your visit wasntwasnt going to be so brief but theres a lot we can do and see in a week.我真希望您的来访不会这么短，但一周内我们也有许多事情可做，许多地方可参观。wish 后的宾语从句使用了与现在事实相反的虚拟语气形式。我希望我知道世界上的一切。I wish I knew everything in the world.2 2.But evene

7、ven thoughthough some British people are quite strange，the majority of them are really friendly and Ive made some good friends.虽然有些英国人非常奇怪，但是大even though/if 意为“即使，尽管” ，用来引导让步状语从句。即使坐飞机比坐车和船都贵，但是为了节省时间我还是坐飞机去了那里。Even though/if flying is more expensive than land and sea travel，I went 3多数人都很友好，我已结交了一些好

8、朋友。there by air to save time.核 心 要 点 探 究(教材 P36)I I certainlycertainly oweowe youyou anan apologyapology forfor notnot writingwriting moremore often.often.没有经常给你写信，非常抱歉。(1 1)oweowe vtvt. .欠(情、债等)；应把归功于；应该做，应给予owe sb.sth.owe sth.to sb. 欠某人某物；把某事归功于某人owe it to sb.that/to do. 把归功于；认为应该/有必要为某人做某事owing t

9、o 因为，由于You oweowe itit toto youryour oldold parentsparents notnot toto givegive upup now.为了你年迈的父母，你现在不应该放弃。I owe it to you that I have been so successful.我这么成功，多亏了你。It was owing(owe)to Jennys timely help that we accomplished the task on time.正是由于 Jenny 的及时帮助，我们按时完成了任务。I owe my success to my wife.我的成

10、功要归功于我的妻子。(2 2)apologyapology n n道歉，认错(1)make an apology to sb.for sth.因某事向某人道歉offer sb.an apologyoffer an apology to sb.向某人道歉，致歉accept ones apology 接受某人的道歉(2)apologize v. 道歉，致歉apologize to sb.for sth. 因(做)某事向某人道歉The teacher made a suggestion that she should makemake anan apologyapology toto her des

11、kmate forfor her bad behaviour.The teacher made a suggestion that she should apologize to her deskmate for her bad behaviour.老师建议她为自己不得体的行为向同桌道歉。You must apologize to your sister for being(be) so rude.你太无理了，必须向你姐姐道歉。absorbabsorb vt.vt.理解，掌握；吸收4(教材 P36)Ive just been so busy studying and trying to abs

12、orbabsorb all the new things around meI think Im still experiencing culture shock.我一直忙于学习，了解身边的新事物我觉得自己还在经历着文化上的冲击。be absorbed by. 被吞并/吸引，为所吸收absorb ones time 占用某人的时间absorb ones attention 吸引某人的注意力be absorbed in.be buried in.be lost in.专注于，聚精会神于The video was totally absorbingabsorbing the childrens a

13、ttentionattention.录像完全吸引了孩子们的注意力。Jane lay on the sofa，absorbed(absorb)in her book.简躺在沙发上，专心致志地看书。图形助记 absorbabsorb使专心；理解 吸收(教材 P36)I I wishwish youryour visitvisit wasntwasnt goinggoing toto bebe soso briefbrief butbut therestheres a a lotlot wewe cancan dodo andand seesee inin a a week.week.我真希望你的来

14、访不会这么短，但一周内我们也有许多事情可做，许多地方可参观。【要点提炼】 本句是主从复合句，主句为 I wish，后面的部分为其宾语从句。该宾语从句又是由 but 连接的并列句，其中 wasnt 相当于 werent，表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。wish 后宾语从句用虚拟语气表示一种虚拟愿望。其形式如下：类型从句谓语动词形式与过去事实相反had过去分词与现在事实相反过去式(be 通常用 were，有时也可用 was)与将来事实相反would/should/could/might动词原形I wish you wouldntwouldnt leaveleave your clothes all

15、over the floor.我真希望你别把衣服丢得满地都是。I wish I were(be) a seagull flying high over the blue sea.但愿我是一只海鸥高高地飞翔在蓝色的海洋之上。I wish she had survived(survive) the plane crash.5但愿她从这一空难中活下来。expectationexpectation n n期待的事物，预期；指望(教材 P36)I dont know what your expectationsexpectations are of London，but knowing that you

16、ve never travelled outside of Asia，I thought Id tell you a bit about what you can expect to find.我不知道您对伦敦有什么期望，但是我知道您从来没有到亚洲以外的地方旅行，所以我想告诉您一些您可能期望找到的东西。(1)in expectation of 预计；期望beyond expectation 超出预料；没有预料到(2)expect to do sth. 期待做某事expect sb.to do sth. 期待某人做某事The dog wagged its tail inin expectatio

17、nexpectation ofof a bone.这条狗摇着尾巴，希望吃骨头。The result is beyond expectation.结果出乎意料。My wife is too lazy.You cannot expect her to do(do)the housework as well as look after the children.我妻子太懒了。你不要期望她去做些家务活，也不要期望她去照看孩子。asas a a resultresult 因此，所以；结果(教材 P36)There are people from all over the world living her

18、e and asas a a resultresult，there are many international restaurants.这里的人来自世界各地，因此这里有许多国家的餐馆。(1)as a result of 由于的结果with the result that 因此；从而without result 毫无结果；徒劳地(2)result from (因为)产生，发生；(由而)造成result in 导致AsAs a a resultresult ofof volcanic ash clouds，many flights in Europe once were cancelled.由于

19、火山灰云团，欧洲的许多航班曾被取消。She wasnt at school last week，withwith thethe resultresult thatthat she missed an important test.她上周没上学，结果错过了一次重要考试。His careless driving resulted in the accident.6The accident resulted from his careless driving.他粗心驾驶导致了这次事故。getget usedused toto 习惯于(教材 P36)Youre going to have to get

20、get usedused toto bacon and eggs with a few slices of toast for breakfast over here，Aunt Mei!梅姨，你得适应这里咸肉、鸡蛋加几片烤面包的早饭！be/get used to sth./doing sth. 习惯于(做)某事be used to do sth. 被用来做某事used to do sth. 过去常常做某事Though far，I usedused toto walkwalk to school.尽管远，但我过去常常走路上学。This field has been used to plant(p

21、lant) vegetables.这块地已被用于种植蔬菜了。I didnt think I could ever get used to living(live) in a big city after living in the country.我觉得我在农村住了之后就无法适应大城市的生活了。语境助记 I usedused toto getget upup late in the morning，but now I amam usedused toto gettinggetting up early because the clock isis usedused toto wakewake

22、me up on time.我过去常常早晨睡懒觉，而现在我已经习惯早起了，因为闹钟被用来按时把我叫醒。名师点津 get/become used to 表示由“不习惯”到“习惯于”的过程，意思是“开始习惯于，(变得)习惯于” ，其中 to 是介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。getget confusedconfused 弄糊涂(教材 P36)To avoid gettinggetting confusedconfused about the British tipping system，you need to check your bill to see if a tip is includ

23、ed or not.为了避免对英国小费制度的困惑，你要查看账单上是不是包括小费。The girl gotgot hurthurt on her way to school.这个小女孩在上学的路上受了伤。He got drunk(drink)，so I have to support him home.7他喝醉了，因此我不得不扶他回家。exchangeexchange vtvt. .兑换，交换n n交换，交流，互换(教材 P36)Talking of moneyits really easy to exchangeexchange travellers cheques at banks or h

24、otels so I advise you to get some of those before you come.谈到钱在银行或饭店兑换旅行支票非常容易，所以我建议您来之前准备一些支票。(1)exchange A for B 把 A 换成 Bexchange sth.with sb. 与某人交换某物(2)in exchange (for.) 作为(的)交换exchange student 交换生Id like to exchangeexchange this dress forfor one in a smaller size.我想把这件衣服换一件小点尺寸的。The boy gave th

25、e girl an apple inin exchangeexchange forfor a banana.男孩用苹果换女孩的香蕉。Shall I exchange the seat with you?我可以和你换座位吗？图形助记 exchangeexchange交换 兑换(教材 P36)ButBut eveneven thoughthough somesome BritishBritish peoplepeople areare quitequite strangestrange，thethe majoritymajority ofof themthem areare reallyreall

26、y friendlyfriendly andand IveIve mademade somesome goodgood friends.friends.虽然有些英国人非常奇怪，但是大多数人都很友好，我已结交了一些好朋友。(1)【要点提炼】 句中 even though 意为“即使，尽管” ，用来引导让步状语从句，可用 even if 替换。(1)在 even if/though 引导的让步状语从句中，其谓语动词用一般现在时表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。(2)as if/though 意为“似乎，好像” ，引导表语从句或方式状语从句。EvenEven though/ifthough/if h

27、e made an apology to me，I still felt upset.尽管他向我道歉了，我仍觉得不高兴。Even if it rains(rain)tomorrow，we wont change our plan.即使明天下雨，我们也不会改变计划。She looked as if/though the photographer had caught her by surprise.8看上去，她好像被摄影师搞了个猝不及防。(2 2)majoritymajority n n大半，大多数；大部分(1)a/the majority of. 大多数be in a/the majority

28、 构成大多数/大部分by/with a majority 以多数(2)major adj. 主要的；重要的；主修的；较多的n. 主修科目；陆军少校vi. 主修(in)(3)minor adj. 较少的；次要的n. 辅修科目；未成年人minority n. 少数The white are inin thethe majoritymajority in Australia while the native people inin thethe minorityminority.在澳大利亚，白人占多数而土著人反而占少数。The majority was/were(be) in favour of b

29、anning smoking at the meeting yesterday.在昨天会议上，大多数人支持禁烟。The majority of children in our class have(have) brown eyes；only three have blue eyes.我们班大多数孩子是棕色眼睛，只有三个孩子是蓝眼睛。The majority of his advice is(be) helpful to us.他的大部分意见对我们都是很有用处的。名师点津 the majority 作主语时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数，the majority of 则要看其后名词可数与否。解构

30、长句难句1 1I wish your visit wasnt going to be so brief but theres a lot we can do and see in a week.【分析】 该句中 but 连接两个并列分句。在前一个句子中动词 wish 后跟的宾语从句中省略了引导词 that，且从句中用虚拟语气，表示与现在情况相反，故用一般过去时。在后一个句子中 we can do and see in a week 为定语从句，修饰代词 a lot，从句中省略了关系词that/which。【翻译】 我真希望你的来访不会这么短，但一周内我们也有许多事情可做，许多地9方可参观。2

31、2I dont know what your expectations are of London，but knowing that youve never travelled outside of Asia，I thought Id tell you a bit about what you can expect to find.【分析】 本句是一个由 but 连接的并列句，在前一分句中包含一个由 what 引导的宾语从句；后一分句中 knowing that youve never travelled outside of Asia 是现在分词短语作状语，其后的句子中包括一个省去连接词 t

32、hat 的宾语从句，在该宾语从句中又包含一个由 what 引导的宾语从句。【翻译】 我不知道您对伦敦有什么期望，但是我知道您从来没有到亚洲以外的地方旅行，所以我想告诉您一些您可能期望找到的东西。随 堂 效 果 落 实.单句语法填空1 1His opinion represents that of the majority(major)2 2They exchanged visiting cards with each other.3 3I didnt have time to get changed(change) before the party.4 4She was used to hav

33、ing(have) her orders instantly obeyed.5 5I expect you to be(be) here from nine to five at the very least. 6 6The accident resulted in the death of two passengers.7 7His whole soul is absorbed in saving(save) his country.8 8She was busy getting(get)ready for the next days test.9 9I apologized to the

34、chairman for being late.1010This watch has gone wrong.I wish I had bought(buy) a better one.单句改错1 1I wish I know how to program the new computer.knowknew2 2The majority of our employees is women.isare3 3The children waited patiently in expectation for the magician.forof4 4As a result of，we have to w

35、ater the vegetable garden.去掉 of5 5She sat on the ground absorbing in her studies.absorbingabsorbed.完成句子101 1我要是去车站送她就好了，但我太忙了。How I wish I had seen her off at the station，but I was too busy.2 2他的恶行一定会受到惩罚。He is bound to get punished for his bad deeds3 3他来时，我正巧忙着写信。It happened that I was busy writing

36、 a letter when he came.4 4你很快就会习惯在电动打字机上打字。You will soon get used to typing on electric typewriters.5 5虽然我们已经尽力了，但还是输了比赛。Even if/though we all tried our best，we lost the game.语 法 专 项 突 破动名词和不定式作宾语自主领悟先观察原句后自主感悟Ive just been so busy studyingstudying andand tryingtrying to absorb all the new things ar

37、ound meI think Im still experiencing culture shock.Im just so glad you can afford toto visitvisit me and I refuse toto letlet you pay for anything while youre here！To avoid gettinggetting confused about the British tipping system，you need to check your bill to see if a tip is included or not.If it i

38、snt，I suggest leavingleaving 10% of the bill for the waiter or waitresseven a bit more if the service is good.I think we should consider stayingstaying in the English countryside for a few nights as I know you enjoy hikinghiking.1.1.句、句、句和句是动名词作宾语。2.2.句是不定式作宾语。精要点拨一、动名词作宾语1 1英语中有些动词必须接动名词作宾语，这类动词常用的

39、有：admit 承认；advise 建议；allow 允许；appreciate 感激；avoid 避免；consider 考虑；delay 延迟；deny 否认；enjoy 喜欢；escape 逃避；excuse 原谅；finish 完成；forbid 禁止；forgive 原谅；11imagine 想象；keep 保持；mind 介意；miss 错过；postpone 推迟；practise 练习；resist 抵抗；risk 冒险；suggest 建议等。Bill suggested holdingholding a meeting on what to do for the Shang

40、hai Expo during the vacation.比尔建议开一个关于假期期间为上海世博会做些什么的会议。Would you mind givinggiving us a talk today about DNA?能不能请你今天作一个关于 DNA 的报告？We only missedmissed seeingseeing each other by five minutes.我们只因差五分钟而未能见面。名师点津 这类动词可借助以下口诀来记忆：避免错过少延期(avoid，miss，postpone)建议完成多练习(advise/suggest，finish，practise)喜欢想象与考虑

41、(enjoy/appreciate，imagine，consider)承认否定与妒忌(admit，deny，envy)逃避冒险莫原谅(escape，risk，excuse)忍受保持不介意(stand，keep，mind)2 2英语中有一些动词短语也常跟动名词作宾语。常见的跟动名词作宾语的动词短语有insist on 坚持；be good at 擅长；put off 推迟；give up 放弃；feel like 想要；be worth 值得；cant help 禁不住；be fond of 喜欢；set about 开始，着手；depend on依赖；cant stand/bear 不能忍受；

42、succeed in 在方面成功等。I dont think we should put off havinghaving the meeting.我认为我们不应该推迟开那个会议。I dont feelfeel likelike cookingcooking.Lets eat out.我不想做饭，我们出去吃吧。另外，admit to 承认；be used/accustomed to 习惯于；lead to 导致；devote.to献身于；object to 反对；stick to 坚持；look forward to 盼望等短语中的 to 为介词，接动名词作宾语。We were used/ac

43、customed to gettinggetting up early in the morning.我们以前习惯早起。Professor Wang devotes his life to protectingprotecting animals.王教授为保护动物奉献一生。即时演练 1 用所给动词的适当形式填空I wouldnt consider making(make) these changes.12He is looking forward to spending(spend) his holiday in Britain.My father insisted on walking(wa

44、lk) home although we were very tired.二、不定式作宾语1 1不定式可直接跟在一些动词后作宾语。英语中有些动词及短语必须接不定式作宾语，这类动词及短语常用的有：afford 负担得起；agree 同意；attempt 尝试，试图；choose 选择；decide 决定；desire 渴望；determine 决心；decide 决定；expect 期望；fail 不能；hope 希望；intend 打算；learn学习；manage 设法；offer 主动提出；plan 计划；pretend 假装；promise 许诺；refuse拒绝；wish 希望；set

45、 out 着手；would like 想做等。I cant afford toto wastewaste money on cheap souvenirs.我不能把钱浪费在那些廉价的纪念品上。I expect toto bebe backback as soon as possible.我盼着尽早回来。At last I managed toto carrycarry all those large boxes upstairs.最后我总算把那些大箱子都搬上了楼。名师点津 这类动词可借助以下口诀来记忆：同意提出做计划(agree，offer，intend，plan)要求答应来帮忙(demand

46、，ask，promise，help)准备决定遭拒绝(prepare，decide，refuse)敢于选择有希望(dare，choose，wish，hope，want，expect)不能做到莫假装(fail，pretend)设法做成决心坚(manage，determine)2 2动词不定式作 tell，show，understand，know，explain，teach，learn，advise等动词的宾语时，不定式前面常带疑问词，即构成动词疑问词(how，when，where，what，who)to do。He doesnt know howhow toto operateoperate th

47、e machine.他不知道该如何操作这台机器。3 3在某些动词后，可用 it 代替不定式短语作形式宾语，然后加宾语补足语，最后加不定式作真正的宾语，构成“主语动词it形容词/名词to do sth.”结构。这些动词常见的有：find，think，consider，feel，make，believe，judge 等。We think itit our duty to protect the environment.我们认为保护环境是我们的职责。即时演练 2 完成句子13Fred didnt have any money，so he decided to look for a job弗雷德没有钱

48、了，因此他决定找份工作。They managed to finish the work on time.他们设法按时完成了工作。I feel it necessary to help him我觉得有必要帮帮他。三、既可跟不定式作宾语又可跟动名词作宾语的动词或动词短语1 1既可接动名词，又可接不定式作宾语的动词有start，begin，continue，like，love，hate 等，意思基本没有区别。love，like 和 hate 接动名词表示长久的、规律性的好恶，接不定式表示一时的、个别性的好恶。They began throwing/to throw furniture out of the window.他们开始把家具扔到窗子外面去。2 2以下动词既可接动名词，又可接不定式作宾语，但意思有区别。接动名词作宾语接不定式作宾语remember记得过去发生的