备战2023年高考英语考试易错题(学生版）专题07 名词性从句.docx

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1、专题07名同性从句备枇2023年高考英语考试易错髭【导入】“祗步法”突破名词槌乂句第一步识别名词性从句的种类.首先确定主句的谓语动词，确定主句的主谓结构；1 .分析从句在主句中所充当的成分，确定从句所属类型：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从 句、同位语从句。第二步 分析从句结构，确定从句引导词确定从句的结构和意义是否完整，结合句意填写适当的连接词。1 .假设从句结构完整，用附属连词：陈述事实用that；表示疑问“是否用if或whether；.假设从句缺少主语、宾语、表语或定语，那么考虑用连接代词；2 .假设从句缺少状语，那么用连接副词。另外，还需注意一些特殊的引导词（if、whether becau

2、se as if等）的用法及that引导同位 语从句与定语从句的区别。技巧1关注连接代词what的用法 h h h h阑倒囱回1. （2021 全国新高考 I 卷）is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.【解析】引导主语从句并在从句中作主语，应填what,位于句首，首字母要大写。考查名词性从句。【答案】What昂错点击what可引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句，在从句中作主语、表语，宾语或宾语补足语等。它引导名词 性从句时有两个意思：一是表示“什么”，带有疑问意味；二是表示“所的，相当于一个

3、先行词后 接一个关系代词。Our teachers always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed. 我们的老师总是告诉我们，如果我们想要成功，要相信我们所做的事情和我们是谁。即时见固1. （2020 浙江卷）Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on57 could be hunted or gatheredfrom the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crop

4、s they had sown.真题演练【2022年】1 （2022 新高考 II 卷）I dont know to thank him.2（2022 年浙江 1 月）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak shecould do so remotely.【2021年】1. （2021 年新高考全国 1 卷语法填空）Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles9 song6CThe Long and

5、 Winding Roadl 56 is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we humans are.【2020年】（2020 江苏卷）It is not a problem we can win the battle; its just a matter of time.A. whether B. whyC. whenD.

6、 where（2020 天津卷）The student completed this experiment to make come true Professor Joseph hadsaid.A. thatB. whatC. whenD. where（2020 浙江卷）Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on 57 could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.【201

7、9年】.【2019江苏卷】Scientists have obtained more evidence plastic is finding its way into the humanbody.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. where.【2019新课标 I 卷】While they are rare north of 88,there is evidence 61 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.1 .【2019）匕京卷】What stude

8、nts do at college seems to matter much more than 8 they go.【2018年】.【2018北京】Without his support, we wouldnt be we are now.A. howB. whenC. whereD. why.【2018U匕京】This is my father has taught meto always face difficulties and hope for the best.A. howB. whichC. thatD. what. 2018-天津The gold medal will be a

9、warded to wins the first place in the bicycle race.A. whomeverB. whereverC. whoeverD. whatever.【2018江苏By boat is the only way to get here, which is we arrived.A. whereB. whenC. whyD. how【2017年】.2017-1 匕京】 Every year,makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.A. whateverB. wh

10、oeverC. whomever D. whichever2.120171 匕京Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing she was heading.A. whyB. whereC. howD. when.【2017江苏 We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of it used tocharge.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. how.【2017天津】She asked me

11、I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadnt.A. whenB. whereC. whetherD. what.【2017新课标 II 卷】The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.【2016年】1.12016匕京】 Your support is important to our work.you can do helps.A. HoweverB. W

12、hoeverC. WhateverD. Wherever2.12016W匕京The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is one can be entirely free from dust.A. whatB. thatC. whetherD. why.12016江苏It is often the case anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.A.whyB. whatC. as D. that. 2016-天津The manager put forward a suggestion

13、 we should have an assistant. There is too much workto do.A. whetherB. thatC. whichD. what学习评价:2.12018,匕京This is my father has taught meto always face difficulties and hope for the best.A. howB. whichC. thatD. what技巧2关注连接副词的用法 h h I 卜 h r*-*-*-h刿圆囹园.（2015 全国 n 卷）the Pueblo Indians figured out exactl

14、y thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.【解析】因figure out（弄明白；计算出）后是一个句子，应为宾语从句；引导宾语从句，并能修饰形容词（thick） 的，只能是连接副词how, how thick意为“多厚”。【答案】how昂错点击引导名词性从句的连接副词有when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever等，它们均在从句中作状 语。I have no idea when she will be back.我不知道她何时回来。Fve been th

15、inking about how we can make the newspaper more interesting.我一直考虑我们如何能使报纸更有趣。Thats why I want you to work there.那就是我要你在那儿工作的原因。Wherever he goes makes his parents woiry.他无论去哪儿父母都担忧。即时火回.【2019匕京卷】What students do at college seems to matter much more than 8 they go.1 .【2018江苏】By boat is the only way to

16、 get here, which is we arrived.A. whereB. whenC. whyD. how技巧3关注同位语从句 h h I 卜 h r*-*-*-h班创分杆 Others praise the fact campus canteens launching delivery services can save students9 time.【解析】空后是一个结构和意义完整的句子，故填连词that,引导同位语从句，解释说明fact的内容。【答案】that易错点击同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词内容的从句。所以它总是跟在某一个名词的后面。该名词被称作先行 I可。1 .同位语

17、从句的连接词同位语从句的连接词主要有that, whether, why, who, where, how, when等。在同位语从句中that, whether 不作成分，that无实际意义，whether表示“是否 其他连接词具有实义，同时在同位语从句中作一定成分。 引导同位语从句的连接词一般都不省略。The report that he was going to resign was false.他将辞职的报道是假的。There9s some doubt whether John will come on time.对约翰是否会准时到还有一些怀疑。2 .可跟同位语从句的名词不是所有的名词

18、都可以跟同位语从句，常可以被同位语从句修饰的名词有：advice建议 belief信念 fact事实 hope希望 idea主意 news消息 opinion观点 order命令 promise 诺言 question 问题 reply 答复 report 报道 thought 想法 truth 事实 warning 警告The problem why the earth is becoming warmer and warmer is still under discussion.地球为什么变得越来越暧这一问题仍在讨论之中。3 .同位语在句子中的位置同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后

19、面，而是被别的词隔开。He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.他从玛丽那里获知了运动会被推迟的消 /息、O.同位语从句与定语从句的区别（1）从词类上区别同位语从句前面的名词只能是 idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order等抽象意义的名词，而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一局部 或是整个主句。（2）从性质上区别定语从句是从句对

20、其先行词的修饰或限制，相当于一个形容词。而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释，相当于一个名词。1） The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语）2）The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。）（同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分）（3）从连接词和所作成分上区别同位语从句中that只起连接作用，不作任何成分，不能省略

21、。定语从句 中that起连接作用，充当宾语、主语或表语。作宾语时可以省略。how, whether, what可以引导同位语从句，但不能引导定语从句。即时见国1 .【2019新课标 I 卷】While they are rare north of 880,there is evidence 61 they range all the way acrossthe Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.2.12016天津】The manager put forward a suggestion we should have an assis

22、tant. There is too much workto do.A. whetherB. thatC. whichD. what.技巧 4区另（ whoever, whatever, whomever, whichever 与 who, what, whom,which h h h h刿圆囱园1.1. 2018 天津The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race.A. whomeverB. whereverC. whoeverD. whatever【解析】考查名词性从句连接词。句意：无论谁

23、获得自行车比赛第一名，金牌将授予他。分析句子可知， 宾语从句中缺少主语，故用whoever,表示“任何人，无论谁。应选C。【答案】C即时火回1. 2018-天津The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race.A. whomeverB. whereverC. whoeverD. whatever2.【2017-匕京 Every year,makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.A. whateverB

24、. whoeverC. whomever D. whichever.基础夯实考点一主语从句连 从that, whether,只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分。但一Your support is important to our词一连接代词 接词词一连接代词 接词般不可省略。if不可以引导位于句首的主语work.Whateveryou can do helps.你的支持从句。从句。对我们的工作很重要。你能做的任何事情 都会有所帮助。who,who (ever)和 what (ever)在从句中作主 语、宾语或表语；which (ever)在从句中 作主语、宾语；what, which, whose

25、在从句 中作定语。连how,when,在从句中作状语。接 where, why 等副词形式主语作It+系动词 + 形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain 等)It occurred to him thathe had an + that 从句important conference to attend the nextIt+系动词+名词(短语)(apity/ashame/nowonder等)+morning他突然想至U,第二天上午他有一 that从句个重要的会议要参加。It+be+过去分词(said/told/r叩orted 等)+ that 从句It+动

26、词(短语)(seem/occur to/happen to sb./)+that 从 句考点二宾语从句连接附属连that, whether, ifThe gold medal will be awarded towhoeverwins the词 词first place in the bicycle race.这块金牌将颁发给这场连接代what, who, whose, which, whatever,自行车比赛中获得第一名的人。词whichever, whoever 等连接副how,when, where, why, wherever,词whenever 等it 作动词(End/feel/t

27、hink/consider/make 等)+it+l havemade it a rule thatl keep diaries.写日记成了我 形 式宾补(形容词或名词)+that从句的惯例。宾语 动词(hate/like/disHke/appreciate/enjoy 等)+it+ that从句动词短语(see to/depend on/rely on 等)+it+ that从句固定搭配(take it for granted/owe it to sb.等) +that从句考点三表语从句连附属连that, whetherThis iswhatmy father has taught me一t

28、o接 词always face difficulties and hope for the best.词连接代what, who, whose, which, whatever, whichever,这是我父亲教我的总是要面对困难并词 whoever等寄予最大的希望。连接副how, when, where, why, wherever, whenever 等 词as if/as as if/as though 意为“好像，仿佛”，引导的表语从句常At that time, it seemedas thoughl couldnt though 跟在系动词(be 动词,seem, appear,

29、look, taste, sound,think of the right word当时,我似乎怎么也想 feel, smell等)之后。假设表语从句所述的是与客观事不出一个恰当的字眼来。实相反的情况，从句常用虚拟语气;假设所述的是事实或是极可能发生的情况,从句常用陈述语气。连接词/那是因为From space, the earth looks blue. This isbecauseabout seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.从太空中看，地球 看起来是蓝色的。这是因为地球外表约百分 之七十一都被水覆盖着。考点四同位

30、语从句 连 接同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词之后,说明该The manager put forward a 词 名词的具体内容。其连接词主要有 that, whether, why, who, where, how,suggestionthatwe should have when等。在同位语从句中,that和whether不作句子成分,that无实际意a” assistant. There is too much 义,whether表示“是否 其他连接词具有实义，同时在同位语从句中亚永do.作一定成分。引导同位语从句的连接词一般都不省略。常跟advice, fact, d

31、oubt, suggestion, hope, demand, conclusion, idea, news,经理提出了一个建议，我们应 同 位order, request, thought, word, wish, promise, truth, information, message,该有个助手。 有太多的工作要 语 从belief, report, desire, problem, possibility 等。做。句的名词易错提示l.that和what引导的名词性从句的区别that引导名词性从句时，在从句中不充当任何成分，也没有任何含义；而what引导名词性从句时，在从句 中充当一定的

32、句子成分，有实际含义。Its a shame that he has made such a mistake.真遗憾，他犯了这样一个错误。I will do what I can (do) to help him.我将尽我所能帮助他。2.whether与if引导的名词性从句的区别whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句末，但if引导的主语从句只能放在句末，且前面需用 it作形式主语。Whether it is true remains a question.这是否真实依然是个问题。It is unknown if he will attend the meeting.他是否会来参加会

33、议还不清楚。1) whether与if引导宾语从句时，大多数情况下可以互换，但是如果直接与or not连用或用于介词后时， 只能用whetheroWe dont know whether or not she was ready.我们不知道她是否准备好了。Im interested in whether youve finished the work我对你是否完成了这项工作感兴趣。2) whether可引导表语从句和同位语从句，而if不可以。The question is whether it is worth doing.问题是它是否值得去做。He often asked me the qu

34、estion whether the work was worth doing.他经常问我这项工作是否值得去做的问题。技巧点拨一名词性从向两步解题法、一名词性从向两步解题法、.分析句子结构，找出主句和丽结构和意义都完整：that2.分析从 句结构， 分至突破2.分析从 句结构， 分至突破-缺状语，意义不完整：连接副词 一缺主语、宾语或表语：连接代词 一缺定语：whose. what或which模拟演练I、单项选择.The student completed this experiment to make come true Professor Joseph had said.A. thatB.

35、 whatC. whenD. where2.Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on 57 could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.1.1 t is by no means clear the local government will do with the buildings of poor quality.A. whatB. howC. whetherD. w

36、hich.一 The designers are over the moon. Whafs up?一Theyve reached an agreement on the bonuses are to be divided later.A. whyB.howC. whereD.when.makes our school fomous is more than 90% of the studentshave beenadmitted to universities.A.What; thatB.Which; because C. That; whatD.What; because6.once-gre

37、at cities fell into ruins.A.WhatB.WhyC. WhetherD.That.People may think that dinosaurs were big, green with hard skin covering their bodies. But in fact, it seems that dinosaurs appeared very different from wethink.A. whichB. thatC.whoD.what.Air pollution is a big problem. I wonder we can do about it

38、.A. whetherB. whatC.howD.that9.is known to all is that the outstanding academic atmosphere, as well as various festivals and sports, many students to our school.A. It： drawB. Which： draw C. What： draws D. As： draws10.students do at the college matters much more than where they travel.A.WhichB. Where

39、C. WhatD.When11.Believe it or not, your parents have experienced you have experienced as children and teenagers.A.howB. whichC. whatD.that12.More than 100 students have entered for the competition, and gains the most points will be thewinner.A. anyoneB. the oneC. whoD. whoeverfs unwise to leave can

40、be lifes most important decisionfuture career-entirely to luck.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. how14.Jenny has got it takes to be a good actress. In other words, she has the potential to become famous.A. whatB. whenC. thatD. hown、语法填空15.Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles9 song “The

41、Long and Winding Road”.is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.16.Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on could be hunted or gathered from the wild, andmore on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.17.Another benefit of exercise is it will impr

42、ove your bodys immune system, making you better preparedto fight off infection.18.While they are rare north of 88, there is evidence they range all the way across the Arctic, and as farsouth as James Bay in Canada.19.1 t is possible caffeine may cause birth defects （缺陷）in humans, too.2O.Have you eve

43、r wondered you would do to solve math problems if you didnt have a calculator orcomputer or even pencil and paper?21 .Spanish sport newspaper Marca noted that Wu has answered those who doubted his move to the club and “ his quick adaptation to La Liga （西 甲）has surprised many people”.22.These 3000-ye

44、ar-old symbols, jiaguwen, were carved on turtle shells or bones of animals, and can give us insight into ancient Chinese saw the world around them and into their great creativity.23.I like the most are the traditional wet markets, restaurants offering various dishes and the numerous cultural activit

45、ies that are available there.24.lt also raises questions about European governments are doing enough to keep up and care for suchbuildings.25 .The ideal nap depends on you want from that nap.26 .The students returned to school with a sense of achievement, a feeling they helped people in need.27 .Use

46、 some simple techniques to distract from the issue and hopefully with time, the person wont be able to remember he is supposed to forget.28 .There will be challenges ahead, however, which is we are fully preparing for all possibilities.29 .If she had vision for three days, Xiong said, she would like

47、 to see with her eyes the piano that accompanies her for more than a decade looks like.30 .1 first have to remove all the rotten parts, and sometimes,is left isnt enough for my designs.31.we feed our bodies feeds our eyes.32.The ideal nap depends on you want from that nap.33.Be sure to be with a str

48、ong awareness that you are you eat!34.But its not the fact Only people with bad handwriting are attracted to the medical field.35.1 wanted to see for myself what happened,said Terry. I couldnt imagine it is like to lose your home and everything that you know and the powerful effect the hurricane had o