(文末附答案)2022-2023年高中英语知识汇总笔记.docx

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1、（文末附答案）2022-2023年高中英语知识汇总笔记单项选择题（经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品）1、 It was a great for Alice to be invited to speak in front of many famous scientists.A . functionB . requestC . processD . honour2、Most notable of these is Chinas discovery of an ice-like substance,as “fire ice” , under the South China Sea.A . know

2、ingB . to be knownC . having knownD . known3、The selection process in the job market is based on standard tests of and experience.A . conceptB . crewC . competenceD . cruelty4、They rushed over to help the man car had broken down.A . whenB . theC . whoseD . because5、When will the government its posit

3、ion on equal pay for women?A . clarifyB . testC . strengthenD . announce6、A real friend is someone walks in when the rest of the world walks out.A whenB . whichC . whomD . who7、Psychologists explain how your walk can your hidden personalities in a recent behavioral study.A . reserveB . relieveC . re

4、leaseD . reveal8、sharks are heavier than water, they must swim continuously or they will sink to the bottom.A . WhenB . ThoughC . SinceD . Once9、He is the army.5、答案：A解析: 考查动词词义辨析。句意：政府什么时候会澄清它在女性同工同酬问题上的立场？ A. clarify澄清；B. test测试；C. strengthen 加强，巩固；D. announce 宣布。根据后文 “its position on equal pay for

5、 women” 可知，此处指 澄清在女性同工同酬问题上的立场，应用clarify。应选A。6、答案：D解析: 考查定语从句。句意：真正的朋友会在整个世界都离你远去的时候，仍然与你并肩。设空处引导定语从句，且在句中作指人的主语，先行词为someone,应用who。应选D。7、答案：D解析: 考查动词词义辨析。句意：心理学家在最近的一项行为研究中解释了你的走路方式可以揭示你隐藏的性格。A.reserve保存；B. relieve解除；C. release释放；D. reveal揭示，透露。根据句意及后文“your hidden personalities可知，走路方式可以揭示隐藏的性格。应选D项。

6、8、答案：C解析: 考查状语从句。句意：由于鲨鱼比水重，它们必须不停地游泳，否那么就会沉到水底。A. When当时候；B.Though 虽然；C. Since 既然，由于；D. Once 一旦。根据后文 “sharks are heavier than water, they must swim continuously or they will sink to the bottomn说明了鲨鱼不停游泳的原因，应用since引导原因状语从句,表示“既然，由于”，应选C。9、答案：A10解析: 考查动词（短语）和固定句式。句意：他到了参军的年龄。join指“加入某个党派或社会团体，从而成为该党

7、派或团体的一员 ；join in意思是“参加某项运动或活动”，join the army表示“参军”，be+adj+enough to do,表示“足够以能够做某事”，应选A。小提示：10、答案：C解析：考查现在分词。句意：也许他被带到了几英里外的太空，成为了世界上第一个宇航员。分析句子可知，本句已 经有谓语动词“was carried”，所以空处为非谓语动词，与逻辑主语he为主动关系，所以填现在分词 becomingo 应选 C 项。11、答案：C解析：考查动词时态。句意：我在澳大利亚认识的Jenny已经在中国工作一年了。我们下周要见面。此处是定语从句 的谓语动词，由句意可知，“认识Jenn

8、y”发生在过去，应用一般过去时。应选C。12、答案：B解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：中国有许多美丽的风景和历史遗迹，每年都吸引大量游客。A. which attracted吸弓I ；B. attracting吸引；C to attract为了吸引；D. where attracts吸弓|。分析句子,has是谓语动词,空处应用非谓 语动词形式，结合语意，中国有许多美丽的风景和历史遗迹，自然会吸大量的游客，空处应用现在分词表示自 然而然的结果。应选B项。13、答案：C11解析: 考查介词词义辨析。句意：在打篮球方面，姚明比其他人有优势。A. with和；同；B. for对于；C. over多于； D

9、on在上。短语have an advantage over表示“有优势；胜过”，符合句意。应选C。14、答案：A解析：考查it作形式主语。句意：对我们来说，掌握计算机技能变得越来越重要。It is important for sb. tod。sth.做 某事对某人来说是，固定句型，此处it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语。应选A。15、答案：B解析：考查介词短语。句意：在每一步中，你都必须分析形式，分析对手在做什么，并从所有选择中评估最正确一步。分析句子可知，名词复数前的介词可使用among,表示“在之中”。since before意为“从之前” ；from among意为“从当中” ；

10、except for意为“除之外” ；until after意为“直到”。应选B。小提示：16、答案：A解析：考查情态动词。句意：你脸色不太好，应该去看医生。A. ought to应该；B. may可以；C. can能够；D. might 也许。根据You don5 t look well,n可知，这里表示建议或劝告，脸色不好应该去看医生。应选A。17、答案：A解析：考查时态和非谓语动词。句意：看到那条大蛇，小女孩站在树下，吓得要命。分析句子结构可知，第一空缺少12 句子的谓语，由句意可知，表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，因而填stood ；第二空需填入非谓语动词 作状语，短语be fri

11、ghtened out of life表示“吓得要死”，因而设空处填入非谓语形式frightened。应选A。18、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这本宣传手册提供了多种多样的酒店、公寓和度假别墅的信息。A. disaster灾难； B. path 道路；C. brochure 小册子；宣传手册；D. personality 性格。由下文offers a wide choice of hotels, apartments and holiday homes/1可知，宣传手册能提供多种多样的酒店、公寓和度假别墅的信息，应选C。19、答案：C解析：考查倍数表达法。句意：今天美国人的人均蔬菜消

12、费量是1910年的两倍。根据句意可知，此处应该用倍数表 达法：倍数+as+形容词或副词原级+as ；表示“两倍”用twice ；根据前面的复数名词vegetables可知，此处 应该用many,所以应该用twice as many as来表示“是的两倍。应选C项。20、答案：C解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：目前，基本医疗卫生服务基本普及。这就是为什么中国人的平均预期寿命已经上 升到75岁的原因。Alternative可替代的；B.abundant丰富的；C.accessible可使用的；D.creative有创造力的。 由 “the average life expectancy of th

13、e Chinese has already risen to 75” 可知，基本医疗卫生服务基本普及，所 以中国人的平均预期寿命已经上升到75岁，也就是大局部中国人都可以使用基本医疗卫生服务，因此空格处 是“可使用的”，应选C。21、答案：B解析:13 考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑到它的方便性和广泛应用性，投资者对这种新型数字设备的未来前景越来越兴 奋。A. expense费用；B. prospect前景；C. property财产，所有物；D. profit利润。根据句意可知，因为它的 方便性和广泛应用性，投资者应该是看好这种新型数字设备的未来前景，prospect意为前景”，名词词 性，符

14、合句意。应选B项。22、答案：A解析：考查过去分词。句意：从太空看，地球是蓝色的。A.Seen过去分词；B.Seeing现在分词；C.Saw过去式； D.Being seen被动语态。see的过去分词表示被动，作状语表示动作发生的背景，在意义上相当于一个状语从 句，其省略的主语（逻辑主语）the earth是主句的主语，且与主语之间存在被动关系。应选A项。23、答案：A解析：考查定语从句。句意：真正的朋友是我们可以依靠的人。分析句子可知，support we can count on是一个 定语从句，先行词是someone,从句当中的support前缺少定语，定语从句的关系词中可以作定语的只有

15、 whose。应选 Ao24、答案：D解析：考查定语从句。句意：任何用电工作的东西的黄金法那么就是在你接触任何东西之前关掉它，而且当你不知道的 时候不要假装你知道。分析句子可知，works by electricity是定语从句，先行词是不定代词anything, 关系词在从句中作主语，应用that引导。应选D项。25、答案：B解析:14 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在他们为期一周的逗留的最后一天，约翰和他的朋友们被邀请到北岸一个美 丽的农场，在星空下听一场私人音乐会。当主语后接介词短语as well as并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数应和 介词短语前的主语保持一致。本句中主语John, as

16、 well as his friends与谓语invite构成被动关系，结合语境可 知为一般过去时的被动语态，且与John保持一致，用单数。应选B。26、答案：variety #ariety解析：考查名词。句意：亚马逊雨林养育着种类繁多的野生动物，从老虎到青蛙都有。根据首字母提示及句意可知， 此处使用名词variety,固定短语a variety of “各种各样的”。故填variety。27、答案:released#eleased解析：考查动词。句意：他最终从监狱释放获得了自由的生活。根据句意和首字母提示，可知为release,分析句子的 结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语he之间是

17、被动关系，故填released。28、答案：highlight#ighlight解析：考查动词。句意：老师用彩色粉笔在黑板上标出重点。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填动词highlight,此处 为use sth. to do sth.,应填动词原形。故填highlight。29、答案:struggle#truggle解析：考查动词。句意：因为大学社区与家庭不同，许多学生很难找到归属感。根据句意“艰难地进行”和首字母 “S”可知,此处为动词struggle,助动词will后面需加动词原形，构成一般将来时。故填struggle。30、答案:ambition#mbition15解析: 考查名词。句意

18、：我的志向是毕业后在中国创业。根据句意和首字母，设空处应填名词ambition,意为“追求的目标，抱负；雄心，志向”，在句中作主语，谓语动词is为单数，故主语用单数形式的名词。故填ambition。31、答案：distribution#istribution解析: 考查名词。句意：它一定是袋鼠，因为它在全国各地分布广泛。根据句意和首字母提示，应填distribution ”分 布”作宾语，由不定冠词a可知，用单数。故填distribution。32、答案：similarities#imilarities解析: 考查名词。句意：我的大儿子和我的哥哥有很多相似之处，他们都喜欢游泳和吃饺子。空处是t

19、here be句型的 主语，应用名词形式，结合句意及首字母提示可知，similarity “相似点”符合题意，similaMy是可数名词，由 空前的many可知此处应用复数形式。故填similarities。33、答案:negotiate#egotiate解析: 考查动词。句意：他们最近未能通过谈判达成双方都能接受的新合同。根据单词首字母和句意“谈判”及前文不定式符号to可知，此处应用动词原形negotiate构成不定式作宾语。故填negotiate。34、答案:preference#reference考查名词。句意：许多学生没有遵循健康的饮食习惯，他们偏爱高盐高糖的食物。根据单词首字母以及句

20、意“偏爱”可知应填名词preference,短语have a preference for表示“偏爱”。故填preference。1635、答案：occurred#ccurred解析：考查动词。句意：我一见到他，就想到他是这个职位的合适人选。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处是动词 ocular, it occurs/occurred to sb. that“某人突然想到”，根据句中时态可知，用一般过去时。故填 occurred o36、答案：holding#olding解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：亨利手里拿着钞票在街上走着。根据句意以及首字母提示，空处应填动词hold,表示“拿着”，分析句子，空

21、处作非谓语动词，hold与逻辑主语Henry之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。 故填 holding。37、答案:adopted#dopted解析：考查动词。句意：这个无家可归的孩子被曼哈顿的一个有展览馆的家庭收养。根据句意和首字母匕”提示可 知,此空应该填写意为“收养”的动词,故用adopt ；根据“by a family”可知此处用被动语态,故填adopted。38、答案:reserved#eserved解析：考查动词。句意：妈妈，我已经预订了一张六点钟三个人的餐桌，准备本周六的家庭聚餐。结合句意和首字母 提示可知，动词reserve “预定”符合题意，此处应用其过去分词形式和hav

22、e构成现在完成时。故填reservedo39、答案：altogether#ltogether解析：17 考查副词。句意：我们在第一单元学习了许多节日。你能告诉我总共有多少个节日吗？根据所给出的首字母提 示，结合句意可推知,应是副词“altogether”，意为“完全；全部；总共”，在句中作状语。故填altogether。40、答案：purchased#urchased解析：考查动词。句意：设备可以从当地供应商处购买。但价格高于平均水平。根据句型结构和句意可知，这里可以 填动词，且应用过去分词结构，与前面助动词be构成被动形式，再根据首字母可知，应填purchased,表“购 买”，为动词。故填

23、purchased。41、答案:anxiously#nxiously解析：考查副词。句意：乌克兰和俄罗斯的战争让这对老夫妇很担忧，他们每天都焦急地等待儿子的 。该空修饰 动词wait,应该用副词。因为战争，所以这对老夫妇焦急地等待儿子的 。表示“焦急地，焦虑地”，应该 用 anxiously。故填 anxiously。42、答案：jaguars#aguars解析：考查名词的数。句意：雨林中有许多美洲虎。根据句意及首字母可知，此处应填jaguars,表示“美洲虎”。 many修饰可数名词复数，故填jaguars。43、答案：extinction#xtinction解析：考查名词。句意：许多物种因

24、为我们破坏了它们的自然栖息地而处于灭绝的危险之中。根据句子结构和意思可 知，这里考查表示“灭绝”的意思的名词，做介词。f的宾语，是不可数名词，所以用单数形式。故填extinction o1844、答案：accommodate#ccommodate解析：考查动词。句意：这个体育场足够容纳10万名观众。结合句意及首字母提示可知，动词accommodate “容纳” 符合题意，空前的t。是不定式符号，故空处用动词原形。故填accommodate。45、答案：ongoing#ngoing解析：考查形容词。句意：是由于老师不间断的支持，他才最终取得了进步。根据句意以及首字母提示，空处应用形 容词ongo

25、ing,表示“不间断的”，作定语修饰名词support。故填ongoing。46、答案:One possible version:Recently, the Chinese Ministry of Education announced a new policy focusing on the reduction of exams to ease the burden on students.From my perspective, I am in favor of the practice. We students should be evaluated multidimensionally

26、 instead of merely by grades. This means that we can have the opportunity to develop our potential to the fullest and gain self-confidence. Besides, this policy will greatly cut parents education costs previously spent on private tutoring, thus alleviating financial burdens on families. Whaf s more,

27、 we will have more free time to take part in various after-class activities including public service, which can benefit us both physically and mentally in the long run.In conclusion, I believe the government is taking a positive step in the right direction to reform our education system.解析：【导读】19A .

28、 old enough to joinB . enough old to joinC . old enough to join inD . enough old to join in10、Maybe he was carried miles into space,the world, s first astronaut.A . becomesB . becameC . becomingD . to become11、Jenny who I to know in Australia has worked in China for a year already. We are going to m

29、eet nextweek.A . has gotB . will getC . gotD . get12、 China has a lot of beautiful scenery and historic sites,a number of tourists every year.A . which attractedB . attractingC . to attractD . where attracts13、In playing basketball, Yao Ming has an advantage others.A . withB . forC . overD . on14、is

30、 becoming more and more important for us to master the skills of computers.A . ItB . ThatC . ThisD . What15、On every single move you have to analyze a situation, process what your opponent is doing and evaluate the best move all your options.A . since beforeB . from amongC . except forD . until afte

31、r16、You don, t look well, you see a doctor.A . ought toB . mayC . canD . might17、Seeing the big snake, the little girl under the tree,out of life.A . stood; frightenedB . stood; was frightenedC . standing; frightenedD . standing; was frightening 本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封稿件，就中小学减少考试次数，以有效减轻学生所面临的压力发表 意见和看法

32、，向校英文报投稿。词汇积累集中：focus onconcentrate on在我看来：from my perspectivefn one* s view机会：opportunitychance此夕卜：besideswhat s more句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：We students should be evaluated multidimensionally instead of merely by grades. This means that we can have the opportunity to develop our potential to the fullest and

33、gain self-confidence.拓展句：We students should be evaluated multidimensionally instead of merely by grades, which means that we can have the opportunity to develop our potential to the fullest and gain self-confidence.小提示：【高分句型 1 Recently, the Chinese Ministry of Education announced a new policy focusi

34、ng on the reduction of exams to ease the burden on students.（运用了现在分词作定语，不定式作目的状语）【高分句型 2 Whaf s more, we will have more free time to take part in various after-class activities including public service, which can benefit us both physically and mentally in the long run.（运用了不定式作犬语，which 引导非限制性定语从句）47、

35、答案：Dear Peter,20With the 2022 Winter Olympic Games around the corner, T m writing to invite you to watch it.The Games, an international sports competition to be held in Beijing, appeal to people all around the world. Additionally, they consist of over 100 events, and feature sports on snow and ice,

36、including many interesting and thrilling ones. Moreover, we Chinese have made long and full preparations, so it is really worthwhile to watch the Games.The great events will be broadcast live both on CCTV-1 and on CCTV-5 from February 4lh to February 20th. They are also available on some other media

37、 platforms. Hopefully, you won, t miss the wonderful opportunity.Yours,Li Hua解析：【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。2022年北京冬季奥运会即将开幕要求学生写封邮件邀请英国朋友Peter收看。词汇积累吸弓I : appeal to attract此夕卜：Additionallyf Besides包含:consist of comprise机会：opportunity chance句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Additionally, they consist of over 100 events, and featur

38、e sports on snow and ice, including many21interesting and thrilling ones.拓展句：Additionally, they consist of over 100 events which feature sports on snow and ice, including many interesting and thrilling ones.小提示：高分句型 1 With the 2022 Winter Olympic Games around the corner, T m writing to invite you to

39、 watch it.（运 用了 with的复合结构）高分句型 2 Moreover, we Chinese have made long and full preparations, so it is really worthwhile to watch the Games.（运用了 so引导的结果状语从句）48、答案：Dear Henry.Is everything all right with you? Knowing that you are interested in the activity held in our city, I am more than glad to share

40、 it with youTo raise peoples awareness of environmental pollution, our city held an activity themed “ The Earth Is Our Only Home” on Peoples Square last Sunday. In the activity, a diversity of environmental problems were listed and various kinds of solutions were shared. All the people present promi

41、sed to do their bit to reduce the environmental pollution, thus making the earth cleaner and more beautiful.If you want to know more about similar activities, you can e-mail me.YoursLi Hua解析：【导语】本篇书面表达属于告知信，要求李华给Henry写信，介绍所在城市在周末举办的主题为“The Earth Is Our Only22Home”的活动。词汇积累：高兴的：happy-glad各种各样的:a varie

42、ty ofdiversity of提高:promoteraise句式拓展：原句：In the activity, a diversity of environmental problems were listed and various kinds of solutions were shared.拓展句：It is in the activity that a diversity of environmental problems were listed and various kinds of solutions were shared.【点购】【高分句型 1 All the people

43、 present promised to do their bit to reduce the environmental pollution, thus making the earth cleaner and more beautiful.（这句话使用了现在分词 making 作结果状语）【高分句型 2 To raise peoples awareness of environmental pollution, our city held an activity themed “The Earth Is Our Only Home on People1 s Square last Sund

44、ay.（这句话使用 了动词不定式 to raise 做目的状语，过 去分词themed做后置定语）49、答案：One possible version:NOTICEIn order to enrich the campus life of International students, a Chinese folk dance performance will be given in our school.23As scheduled, the performance will start at 4:00 PM on March 25 in the school hall, lasting a

45、n hour and a half. During the performance, if s demanded that all of you keep quiet and watch the performance carefully.Through the performance, you can not only enjoy an audio-visual feast but also have a better understanding of Chinese culture. In addition, many beautiful gifts with Chinese charac

46、teristics are prepared for those present. All the International students are welcome to participate on time.Students* UnionMarch, 22th解析：【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一那么通知，告知学生学生会拟举办一场中国民族舞(Chinese folk dance) 表演。词汇积累开始：startbegin要求：demandrequire安静的:quietsilent此夕卜：in additionwhaf s more句式拓展简单句变复合句原句:In orde

47、r to enrich the campus life of International students, a Chinese folk dance performance will be given in our school.24 拓展句：A Chinese folk dance performance, the purpose of which is to enrich the campus life of International students, will be given in our school.小提示：高分句型 lAs scheduled, the performanc

48、e will start at 4:00 PM on March 25 in the school hall, lasting an hour and a half.（运用了现在分词作后置定语）高分句型 2During the performance, if s demanded that all of you keep quiet and watch the performance carefully1运用了 that引导的主语从句）50、答案:Dear Steve,Knowing that you re interested in Chinese food, Id like to recommend you dumplings.The factors for my recommendation are as follows. Considered as a Chinese cultural symbol, dumplings are a kind of traditional food loved by pe