2022-2023学年江苏省海安市高三上学期期初学业质量监测英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、2023届高三期初学业质量监测试卷英语注意事项考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求1 .本试卷共10页，满分150分，考试时间为120分钟。考试结束后，请将答题卷交回。2 .答题前，请您务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号用0.5毫米黑色字迹签字笔填写在答题 卷上。3 .请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、考试证号与你本人的是否相符。4 .作答选择题必须用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净 后，再选涂其它答案。作答非选择题必须用书写黑色字迹的0.5毫米的签字笔写在答题卷上的 指定位置，在其它位置作答一律无效。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分

2、）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题L5分，满分75分）听下面的5段对话。每段对话后都有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳 选项。听完每段对话后，你都有1（）秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅 读一遍。1. What does the woman suggest the man do first?A. Rent an apartment. B. Call （he house owner. C. Pay his electricity bill.2. Why wont the woman stay at her own house?A.

3、She is locked out.B. She is scared of being alone.C. She is invited to her brothers house.3. What do wc know about the woman?A. She likes vegetable soup. B. She just had a rest. C. She has a bad cough.4. What are the speakers going to do?A. Attend a wedding. B. Change clothes. C. Go shopping.5. What

4、 is the relationship between the speakers?A. Teacher and student. B. Workmates. C. Husband and wife.第二节（共15小题；每小题L5分，满分225分）In (he villages of the English countryside, there are still people who remember (he good old days when no one bothered to lock their doors. There simply wasnt any crime to worr

5、y about.Amazingly, these happy times appear still to be with us in the worlds biggest community. A new study by Dan Farmer, a gifted programmer using an automated investigative program of his own called SATAN, shows that the owners of well over half of all World Wide Web sites have set ud home witho

6、ui fitting locks toheir doors.SATAN can try out a variety of well-known hacking tricks on an Internet site without actually breaking in. Farmer has made program publicly available, among much criticism. A person with evil intent could use it to hunt down sites that are easy to steal in.But Farmer is

7、 very concerned about the need to alert the public to poor security and, so far. events have proved him right. SATAN has done more to alert people to the risks than cause new disorder.So is the Net becoming more secure? Far from it. In the early days, when you visited a Website, your browser simply

8、looked at the content. Now the web is full of tiny programs that automatically download when you look at a Web page, and run on your own machine. These programs could, if their authors wished, do all kinds of nasty things to your computer.But lefs look on the bright side. Given the lack of locks, th

9、e Internet is surely the worlds biggest (almost) crime-free society. Maybe that is because hackers are ftindamentally honest. Or that there currently isnt much to steal. Or because vandalism (蓄意破坏)isnt much fiin unless you have a special dislike fbr someone.Whatever the reason, lets enjoy it while w

10、c can. But expect it all to change, and security to become the number one issue, when the most influential inhabitants of the Net are selling services they want to he paid for.12. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 mean?A. Many Internet sites are not well protected.B. Those happy times

11、 appear still to be with us.C. There simply wasnt any crime to worry about.D. Hackers dont actually break into an Internet site.13. What can SATAN be used to do?A. To prevent hackers breaking into websites.B. To investigate the security of Internet sites.C. To improve ihe security of the Internet sy

12、stem.D. To download useful programs and information.14. Whats the authors attitude to SATAN?A. FavorableB. IndifferentC. CautiousD. DoubtfulWhats the purpose of the passage?A. To promote and sell the SATAN program.B. To advocate people fleeing from the Internet.C. To make netizens aware of the secur

13、ity of the Internet.D. To inform netizens that the Internet is safe with SATAN.【答案】12.A13. B 14. A 15. C【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。天才程序员丹法默（Dan Farmer）用他自己开发的名为“撒旦”（SATAN）的自动调查 程序进行了一项新研究，结果显示，超过半数的万维网网站的主人已经在没有锁门的情况下建立了自己的 家。“撒旦”在一个网站上尝试各种著名的黑客伎俩，目的是提醒人们注意网络危险。【12题详解】句意猜测题。根据第二段 “using an automated investigati

14、ve program of his own called SATAN, shows that the owners of well over half of ail World Wide Web sites have set up home without fitting locks to their doors.（用他自 称为“撒旦”的自动调杳程序所做的一项最新研究表明，超过一半以上的万维网网站主人建立的家都没有 上锁）”推知，划线句子指的是许多网站没有得到很好的保护。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段 “using an automated investigative progr

15、am of his own called SATAN（用他自称为撒 旦的自动调查程序）”和第三段 w SATAN can try out a variety of well-known hacking tricks on an Internet site without actually breaking in.（ “撒旦”可以在一个网站上尝试各种著名的黑客伎俩，而不是真的入侵）”可知，“撒旦”这个程序是用来检验网站是否安全，故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的 “SATAN has done more to alert people to the risks than cause

16、new disorder/撒旦所 做的更多是提醒人们注意风险，而不是引起新的混乱）”和倒数第二段“But lets look on the bright side. Given the lack of locks, the Internet is surely the worlds biggest （almost） crime-free society/但我们也要看到光明的 面，不考虑安全因素，因特网几乎是世界上最大的没有犯罪的社会）”，由此可推断作者对“撒旦”的态度是 支持的，A. Favorable支持的；B. Indifferent漠不关心的；C. Cautious谨慎的;D. Doub

17、tful怀疑的。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据根据第二段Anew study by Dan Fanner, a gifted programmer, using an automated investigative program of his own called SATAN, shows that the owners of well over half of all World Wide Web sites have set up home without fitting locks to Iheir doors.（天才程序员丹法默用他自称为“撒旦”的自动调查程序所做的一项 最新

18、研究表明，超过一半以上的万维网网站主人建立的家都没有上锁）”并结合全文内容可知，本文主要介 绍天才程序员丹法默用名为“撒旦”的自动调查程序进行了一项新研究，其目的是提醒人们注意网络危险。 由此推知，本文写作目的是让网民意识到网络安全。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分125分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。Evaluating Sources of Health InformationMaking good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation

19、. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information. 16. Besides, how to separatefact from opinion, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources are of great importance. The following sug

20、gestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.Go to the original source. 17. Find out for yourself what a study really reported, and determinewhether it was based on good science. Think about the type of study. And examine the findings of the original rese

21、arch.Watch fbr misleading language. Some studies will find that a behavior contributes to” oris associated with” an outcome; this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result. Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an authors point of view.18.Use your com

22、mon sense. If a report seems too good to be true probably it is. 19. The goal of an ad is tosell you something. Evaluate tscientiflc statements carefully, and be aware of quackery （江湖骗术）.2（）. Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration, but each of us needs tofind a hea

23、lthy lifestyle （hat works fbr us.Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independendy about health problems will serve you well throughout your life.A. Its right fbr you to make choices.B. Make choices that are right for you.C. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research.D

24、. Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements.E. Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.F. Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information.G. Reasonable evaluation can distinguish between research reports and pub

25、lic health advice.【答案】16. F 17. C 18. E 19. D 20. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了评估健康信息来源的方法和注意事项。【16题详解】I.一句提至 ij “A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information（提高你的评估能力的关键第一步是仔细查看你的健康信息来源）再结合下一句中的“besides, how. how.how.可知，该空应该对信息评估内容作进一步的介绍

26、。故F选项（合理的评估包括知道在哪 里以及如何找到相关的信息）符合语境。故选F。【17题详解】上一句提到“Go to the original source（回到最初的来源）”推知，该句承接上文，应该介绍“问到最初来源” 的原因或相关信息。结合选项，C选项（媒体报道常常简化医学研究的结果）符合语境。故选C。【18题详解】根据该段中的 “Watch for misleading language（注意误导性的语言）”和空前句 u Be aware （hat information may also be incorrectly explained by an authors point of v

27、iew（注意，信息也“J能被作者的观点错误地解释）”可知， 该空承接上文，应该提到如何对待这种误导性信息。结合选项，E选项（仔细阅读或倾听信息，以便完全理 解它）符合语境。故选E。【19题详解】结合下一句The goal of an ad is to sell you something（广告的目标是卖给你东西）”可知，该空应该提到 “advertisemenl”这个话题。结合选项，D选项（要特别注意广告中所包含的信息）符合语境。故选D。 【20题详解】根据该段内容 u Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and

28、inspiration, but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.（朋友和家人可以是想法和灵感的伟大来源，但我们每个人都需要找到 适合自己的健康生活方式）”可知，该段建议人们找到适合自己的健康生活方式，而不是盲目听从别人的一 件。B选项（做出适合自己的选择）适合作该段标题。故选B。第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。“Ladies and gentlemen, the tim

29、e train has arrived at the terminal!7 It felt like I had woken up from a drcam,21 soon discovered I had come to 2035. Suddenly, I heard a strange voice calling my name. I turned around, only （o find a robot 22 to me enthusiastically. TW show you around the city in 2035!” I nodded immediately, 23 wha

30、t the city would be like.Once I walked out of the train station, many crossed air lanes came into view. The robot, seeing how24 I was, explained the new traffic system to me. The system was pul into place by many famous engineers using highly 25 technology. In fact, it eliminated （消除）the issue of tr

31、affic jams entirely.Next we made our way to a restaurant nearby. Just as I 26 that there was no menu, a waiter began to scan my body with a special 27. which gave me a big fright, so I 28 out of my seat immediately.The robot explained it was just a machine that was able to figure out what our body n

32、eeded and chose the rccipc that29 us most. The waiter then introduced me to the electronic screen that allowed me to choose the environment according to my 30. I pressed the “beach button on the screen and 3J I felt asea breeze. I couldnt help but 32 at how rapidly technology had advanced.We 33 retu

33、rned to the train station. Just as I 34 the train, I heard a familiar voice callingmy name. I opened my eyes to see my mom standing over me. What a 35 dream!21. A. whileB. soC. ifD. but22. A. singingB. wavingC. screamingD. flying23. A. gettingB. knowingC. wonderingD. wandering24. A. astonishedB. sca

34、redC. boredD. moved25. A. standardB. uselessC. unusualD.advanced26. A. toldB. realizedC. heardD. reminded27. A. instrumentB. buttonC. engineD. accelerator28. A. tookB. leftC. jumpedD. danced29. A. attractedB. suitedC. providedD. offered30. A. temperatureB. （asteC. geneD. place31. A. suddenlyB.sadlyC

35、. absolutelyD. casually32. A. aimB. guessC. sighD. stare33. A. immediatelyB. hardlyC. occasionallyD. eventually34. A. put offB. brought inC. got onD. looked into35. A. terribleB. practicalC. awfulD. fantastic【答案】21. D22. B23. C 24. A25. D 26. B 27. A28. C 29. B 30. B 31.A 32. C 33. D34. C 35. D【解析】【

36、导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲叙的是作者乘坐时光机参观2035年交通和饮食的梦境。21题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我感觉就像从梦中醒来，但是很快就发现自己已经到了 2035年。A. while虽然, 尽管；B.so所以；C.if如果；D.but但是。结合语意可知，“从梦中醒来”和“发现自己在2035年”之间是 转折的关系，因此此处应用表示转折的连词but。故选D项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我转过身，却发现有个机器人在热情地向我招手。A.singing唱歌；B. waving挥 手；C. screaming尖叫：D. flying飞翔。结合语意，机器人第一次见到作者时，应该会挥手打

37、招呼。故选B 项。23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我立刻点了点头，想知道现在的城市究竟是什么样子。A. getting获得；B. knowing 知道；C. wondering想知道；D. wandering徘徊。结合语意,作者第一次来到2035年的城市，并不熟悉2035 年的城市，因此想要知道现在的城市究竟什么样。故选C项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：机器人看到我如此惊讶，就向我解释了新的交通系统。A. astonished吃惊的； B. scared 害怕的；C. bored 无聊的；D. moved 感动的。由上文“Once I walked out of the tra

38、in station, many crossed air lanes came into view.”提到作者一走出火车站就看到了横贯的航空线可知，作者看到2035年高度发展的 交通系统应该会感到非常吃惊。故选A项。25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个系统是由许多著名的工程师采用高度先进的技术建造的。A.siandard标准 的：B. useless无用的;C. unusual不寻常的；D. advanced先进的。结合语意，上文提到作者看到2035年的 交通系统时十分惊讶,同时卜文“In fact, it eliminated （消除）the issue of traffic jams

39、 entirely. ”提到这个系统 完全解决了交通堵塞这一问题，由此可知这个交通系统应用了高度先进的技术。故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：正当我发现没有菜单时.，一名服务员过来用一个特殊的机器扫描了我的身体， 我吓了一大跳,立刻从座位上蹦起来。A. lold告诉；B. realized意识到,发现；C. heard听说；D. reminded 提醒。结合语意，此处是指作者进入餐厅之后意识到餐厅内没有菜单。故选B项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：正当我发现没有菜单时，一名服务员过来用一个特殊的机器扫描了我的身体， 我吓了一大跳，立刻从座位上蹦起来。A. instrume

40、nt仪器，工具；B. button按钮；C. engine引擎；D. accelerator 力口速器。下文“The robot explained it was just a machine that was able to figure out what our body needed and chose the recipe that 9-us most.”提到机器人向作者解释那只是个机器，由此判断，服务员应该是拿着机 器扫描了作者的身体。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：正当我发现没有菜单时，一名服务员过来用一个特殊的机器扫描了我的身体， 我吓了一大跳,立刻从座位上蹦起来

41、。A. took拿;取;B. left离开；C. jumped跳;D. danced跳舞。上文“which gave me a big fright提到作者被服务员拿着机器扫描身体这件事吓着了，所以作者应该是吓得从座位上蹦 起来。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：机器人向我解释道，这个机器可以判定我们身体所需，并且向我们提供最适合 我们的菜单。A. attracted吸引；B. suited适合；C. provided提供；D. offered提供。结合语意，由a machine that was able to figure out what our body needed n

42、可知这种机器可以扫描出人体所需的营养，因此可以向人们 提供最适合他们的食谱。故选B项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：服务员接着向我介绍，这块电子显示屏可以让我根据自己的口味选择就餐环境。 A.temperature体温;B.taste品味;C.gene基因;D.place地方。作者选择了 “海滩”作为自己的就餐环境, 说明这是作者自己的喜好，由此判断可以根据自己的品味选择就餐环境。故选B项。31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我按下屏幕上的“海滩”按钮，突然就感受到了海风的轻抚。A. suddenly突然 地；B. sadly悲伤地；C. absolutely绝对地；D. casual

43、ly随意地。由“I felt aseabreeze”可知，作者按下按钮 后感受到了环境的变化，这对原本还坐在餐厅的作者来讲非常突然。故选A项。【32题详解】考杳动词词义辨析。句意：我不禁感叹科技发展得如此之快。A. aim目的；B. guess猜测；C. sigh感叹；D. stare凝视。结合语意，作者来到2035年后先看到了发达的交通系统，接着乂看到了能够更改就餐环境的餐 厅，这对于作者而言非常震惊，因此作者不由得发出感叹。故选C项。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:最后，我们回到了火车站。A. immediately立即；B. hardly几乎不；C. occasionally 偶尔

44、；D.evemually最后。下文“JusiasI 14-the irain”提到作者正要.1二车，由此判断作者在2035 年的参观之旅已经结束了，所以最后是要坐上火车离开了。故选D项。【34题详解】考杳动词短语辨析。句意：我刚上火车，就听到了一个熟悉的声音在叫我的名字。A. put off推迟；B. brought in引进；C. got on上车；D. looked into调查。结合语意，作者来到火车站是准备坐车的。故选C项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多么奇妙的一个梦呀！ A. terrible可怕的；B. practical实际的；C. awful可怕的； D. fant

45、astic奇妙的。结合语意，作者乘坐时光机去2035年参观了先进的交通系统和能够改变用餐环境的餐 厅等，这对于作者而言是一个非常奇妙的体验。故选D项。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。When 36 (ask) to talk about air and water quality in his hometown by a TV reporter, Qi Mu noted. “The air is great now and we can take more 37 (walk) and enjoy being out

46、doors again. He felt quite pleased because the villagers were living 38 (harmony) with nature once more. However, he could not forget about an earlier time 39 his village had been struggling with a serious air quality problem.In the 1990s, garbage from a nearby city was usually brought to the villag

47、e. t4How can we make use of this? the villagers wondered. Soon they found that garbage could be used to feed pigs. Over the next few years, dozens of pig farms 40 (set) up,“ Qi recalled. But then nobody in the village wanted to open their windows. The smell from the garbage and pig waste was making

48、us sick. Qi said. The numbers of mosquitoes and files were also41 (horrify). “42 such circumstances, no single women wanted to many anyone in our villageand move here/ Qi sighed.The villagers could no longer tolerate the situation. So an initiative was launched 43 a “clean-up” campaign was added to (he government agenda, 44 (include) restricting larger vehicles from passing through the village. Garbage from the city was no longer disposed of in the village, and more tees were pla