2020届安徽省淮北市第一高三最后一卷英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、淮北2020届高三最后一卷英语科试题卷（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）注意事项:L答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂 黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将 答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）.做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题L5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相

2、应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15.B. 9.18.C. 9.15.答案是C.1. Who does the iPad belong to?A. The girl.B. The boy and the girl. C. Their Grandpa.2. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers?A. Teacher and student. B. Customer and seller. C. Hus

3、band and wife.3. When does the second movie begin?A. At 7:00.B. At 8:45.C. At 8:55.4. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a restaurant. B. In the mans house. C. In a furniture store.5. What will the woman lend to the man?A. A ruler.B. A pair of scissors.C. A piece of string.第二节（共15

4、小题；每小题L5分，满分22.5分） 主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句So I started Googling all sorts of phrases that might throw light on the mystery of Polish beach separators.”可知，作者上网想查找波兰海滩隔离带的奥秘。 下文介绍作者对在网上的搜索内容可知，这是波兰特有的沙滩文化。因此本文主要介绍了海 滩隔离带是波兰特有的沙滩文化。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D。Dmunities across the world are starting to ban facial recognit

5、ion technologies. The efforts are well intentioned, but banning facial recognition is the wrong way to fight against modern surveillance （监 视）.Generally, modem mass surveillance has three broad ponents: identification, correlation and discrimination.Facial recognition is a technology that can be use

6、d to identify people without their consent. Once we are identified, the data about who we are and what we are doing can be correlated with other data. This might be movement data, which can be used to fbllow“ us as we move throughout our day. It can be purchasing data, Internet browsing data, or dat

7、a about who we talk to via email or text. It might be data about our ine, ethnicity, lifestyle, profession and interests. There is an entire industry of data brokers who make a living by selling our data without our consent.Its notjust that they know who we are; its that they correlate what they kno

8、w about us to create profiles about who we are and what our interests are. The whole purpose of this process is for panies to treat individuals differently. We are shown different ads on the Internet and receive different offers for credit cards. In the future, we might be treated differently when w

9、e walk into a store, just as we currently are when we visit websites.It doesnt matter which technology is used to identify people. Whats important is that we can be consistently identified over time. We might be pletely anonymous （匿名的）in a system that uses unique cookies to track us as we browse the

10、 Internet, but the same process of correlation and discrimination still occurs.Regulating this system means addressing all three steps of the process. A ban on facial recognition wont make any difference. The problem is that we are being identified without our knowledge or consent, and society needs

11、 rules about when that is permissible.Similarly, we need rules about how our data can be bined with other data, and then bought and sold without our knowledge or consent. The data broker industry is almost entirely unregulated now. Reasonable laws would prevent the worst of their abuses.Finally, we

12、need better rules about when and how it is permissible for panies to discriminate. Discrimination based on protected characteristics like race and gender is already illegal, but those rules are ineffectual against the current technologies of surveillance and control. When people can be identified an

13、d their data correlated at a speed and scale previously unseen, we need new rules.Today, facial recognition technologies are receiving the force of the tech backlash （抵制）, but focusing on them misses the point. We need to have a serious conversation about all the technologies of identification, corr

14、elation and discrimination, and decide how much we want to be spied on and what sorts of influence we want them to have over our lives.12. According to Para. 2, with facial recognition.A. one s lifestyle changes greatlyones email content is disclosedB. one*s profiles are updated in timeones personal

15、 information is released13. We can learn from the passage that.A. discrimination based on new tech surveillance is illegaldifferent browsing data bring in different advertisementsB. using mobiles anonymously keeps us from being correlateddata brokers control the current technologies of surveillance1

16、4. The underlined part “the point in the last paragraph probably refers to.A. peoples concern over their safetythe nature of the surveillance societyB. proper regulation of mass surveillancethe importance of identification technology15. The author wrote this passage to.A. call for banning facial rec

17、ognition technologiesadvocate the urgent need for changes in related lawsB. inform readers of the disadvantages of facial recognitionevaluate three broad ponents in modem mass surveillance【答案】12.D【解析】13. B14. C15. B这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了面部识别技术造成 数据泄露。谈及了数据泄露造成的危害。 最后提出了应该立法规范而不是完全限制面部识别技术。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第 2

18、段 It might be data about our ine, ethnicity, lifestyle, profession and interests. There is an entire industry of data brokers who make a living by selling our data without our consent 可知，它可能是关于我们的收入、种族、生活方式、职业和兴趣的数据。面部识别出来的数 据会在未经我们同意的情况下被关联或卖掉。所以根据第2段，通过面部识别，一个人的个 人信息会被泄露。故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第 3 段

19、The whole purpose of this process is for panies to treat individuals differently. We are shown different ads on the Internet and receive different offers for credit cards 可知，公司可以根据我们在互联网上留下的数据对我们区别对待，我们可以在互联网上看到 不同的广告，收到不同的信用卡优惠。故选B项。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据最后一段 “We need to have a serious conversation about

20、all the technologies of identification, correlation and discrimination, and decide how much we want to be spied on and what sorts of influence we want them to have over our lives ” 即我们需要严肃的讨论，决定我们 希望被监视的程度以及他带给我们什么样子的影响。所以我们现在正在对面部识别技术进行 科技限制。但在这一个过程中我们忽略了对大规模监控的适当监管。所以划线词的意思是“对大规模监控的适当监管”。故选C项。【15题

21、详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段 munities across the world are starting to ban facial recognition technologies. The efforts are well intentioned, but banning facial recognition is the wrong way to fight against modem surveillance可知，禁止面部识别技术愿望是很好的,但禁止面部识别是错 误的方式来对抗现代监控。另外通过第5和第6段中的“Regulating this system means addre

22、ssing all three steps of the process和 u Similarly, we need rules about how our data can be bined with other data可知，我们需要规则来规范。通过倒数第2段uFinally, we need better rules about when and how it is permissible for panies to discriminate,可知,我们需要更好的规 则来指导。故作者写这篇文章的目的是倡导迫切需要修改相关法律。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内

23、容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。People often say that failure is the mother of success”.16 As a result, Manalo, aprofessor of educational psychology in Japan says, “We know we shouldnt give up when we fail-but in reality, we do.”Manalo and Manu, a professor of learning sciences in Swiss, put to

24、gether a special issue （专利） last December on benefiting from failure. The issues 15 studies provide teachers and educational researchers with a guide for achieving success.17 Another confirmed that advice onfailures is most constructive when the receiver is prepared to experience unpleasant feelings

25、.Manalo and his co-authors also focused on overing one everyday form of failure: not pleting a task. They asked 131 students to write an article about their school experiences. Half of the students received instructions for their writing, and half were left to their own.18 Afterward theresearchers f

26、ound that those in the instructed group were more willing to plete their articles, pared with those who lacked guidance-even if the latter were closer to being done.1920 Stephanie Couch, the director of the Lemelson-MIT Program, holds theopinion. Couch, whose work was also featured in the special is

27、sue, says that we should tell them to think of failure as part of a process toward success.A. However, all were stopped before finishing.B. The saying shows the importance of success.C. Teaching students not to fear failure makes goals achieved more easily.D. One study reported that the sooner stude

28、nts fail, the sooner they can move forward.E. Though having some truth to it, the saying does not tell us how to turn a loss into a win.F. They believed that learning how to fail can help people avoid being lasting failures.G. Knowing how to finish, in other words, was more important than being clos

29、e to finishing.【答案】16.E17. D 18. A 19. G 20. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。人们常说“失败是成功之母”。这句话虽然有一定道理，但并没有告诉我 们如何化输为胜。文章主要介绍了日本教育心理学教授Manalo的一项研究表明学生越早失 败，他们就能越早前进。告诉我们要教会学生不要害怕失败，这会让目标更容易实现。【16题详解】根据上文People often say that failure is the mother of success”.可知人们常说“失败是成功之 母“ o 以及第二段中 The issues 15 studies provide teach

30、ers and educational researchers with a guide for achieving success.可知本期的15项研究为教师和教育研究者提供了成功的指南。由 此可知，本句承接上文对“失败是成功之母”这句话进行评价，认为虽然说得有道理，但是 也指出这句话并没有告诉我们如何将失败变成胜利，与后文一项研究提供了成功指南相呼 应。故E选项“这句话虽然有一些道理，但并没有告诉我们如何将失败变成胜利”符合上 下文语境，故选E。【17题详解】根据后文 Another confirmed that advice on failures is most constructiv

31、e when the receiver is prepared to experience unpleasant feelings.可知另一项研究证实，当接受失败的人准备经历不 愉快的感觉时，关于失败的建议最有建设性。由此可知，本句是在说明一项研究结果，且后 文Another与D选项中One相对应，one.another表示一个另一个”。故D选项”一项研究表明，学生越早失败，他们就能越早进步”符合上下文语境，故选D。【18题详解】根据本段第句 Manalo and his co-authors also focused on overing one everyday form of failu

32、re: notpletingatask.可知Manalo和他的合著者们还专注于克服一种常见的失败：没有完成任务。 由此可知，这项研究需要在学生们完成写作任务之前就停止。故A选项“然而，所有这些 都在完成前停止了”符合上下文语境，故选A。【19题详解】根据上文 Afterward the researchers found that those in the instructed group were more willing to plete their articles, pared with those who lacked guidanceeven if the latter were

33、closer to being done,可知之后，研究人员发现，与缺乏指导的小组相比，接受指导的小组更愿意完成他们 的文章一一即使后者更接近完成。由此可知，本句承接上文说明，这项研究结果证明，知道 如何完成比接近完成更重要。故G选项“换句话说，知道如何完成比接近完成更重要”符 合上下文语境，故选G。【20题详解】根据后文 Stephanie Couch, the director of the Lemelson-MIT Program, holds the opinion. Couch, whose work was also featured in the special issue, s

34、ays that we should tell them to think of failure as part of a process toward success.可知 Lemelson-MIT 项目主任 Stephanie Couch 持有这种观点。Couch的作品也出现在本期特刊中。他说，我们应该告诉他们，失败是走向成功的过程中的一部分。由此可知，失败是走向成功的过程中的一部分，因此要教会学生不要害怕失败，反 而会让目标更容易实现。故C选项“教学生不要害怕失败会让目标更容易实现”符合上下 文语境，故选C。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题

35、1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。As we pulled into the driveway, I noticed that something seemed different about my mom. She was 21 away from me, her shoulders dropped and her hands relaxed. I parked the car and she turned toward me.“Okay, were home,“ I said,22 tha

36、t now was her time to get out and let me be on my own.She sniffled （抽鼻子）and 23her hair behind her ears to reveal her tearful eyes and moistcheeks. She had been crying.“Mom! Why are you crying? I asked, even though I already knew the 24.I had just got my 25 which Id been looking forward to for months

37、. I was free-able to drive myself where I needed to go and drive too fast on the back roads. Now I had it in my pocket, but I suddenly felt 26 I had been so quick to grow up, pletely 27 the emotions that my mom must be experiencing with her firstborn nearing adulthood. My baby boy is growing up too

38、fast/9 she managed to say between deep breaths. My heart 28 I hated it that I had been so ignorant toward her feelings. I had been counting down the days, 29 waiting to enter the next stage of my life,30 she counted down with fear and headache. The delight andfreedom I had previously felt were gone,

39、31 by an odd sense of mourning.We hugged. A nice long hug that was 32 in my family. Then she looked me in theeye and told me to drive carefully. tOf course I I reassured her. I waved goodbye and33 of the driveway.On my way to meet my friends,34 the fast-paced ride, I went the speed limit andtook my

40、35 not just for my mom, but for me.I had been so 36 to start speeding that Id forgotten just how beautiful the ride is.Now I cruised （漫游）down the peaceful two-lane road,37 the sights, sounds, andsmells of the nature that surrounds me. At that moment made a 38 to myself that Iwould take things slow a

41、nd never, ever, catch myself speeding again.Life had passed me by while I lived my days in fast forward,39 to notice all the beautiful things along the way. It seems life also has its own daily routine and if you find yourselfgoing too fast, you risk missing the 40 that make it so special.21. A. mov

42、ing escaping22. A. explaining interrupting23. A. brushed24. A. consequence25. A. permission26. A. relieved desperate27. A. denying28. A. ached29. A. purposefully nervously 30. A. while31. A. replaced dominated32. A. memorable ridiculous33. A. walking out out34. A. other than than35. A. turn36. A. co

43、nfusedB. breakingB. implyingB. leanedB. responseB. licenseB. annoyedB. toleratingB. injuredB. cautiouslyB. soB. switchedB. rareB. marching outB. rather thanB. orderB. entertainedC. facingC. plainingC. removedC. explanationC. diplomaC. guiltyC. recallingC. beatC. impatientlyC. andC. exchangedC. awkwa

44、rdC. crawling outC. more thanC. timeC. astonishedD.D.D. touchedD. answerD. carD.D. ignoringD. healedD.D. sinceD.D.D. pullingD. betterD. courageD. thrilled37. A. admiring37. A. admiringB. followingC.inspectingD.witnessing38. A. impression difference39. A. hesitating40. A. challenges momentsB. contrib

45、utionB. failingB. beliefsC. promiseC. pretendingC. ambitionsD.D. refusingD.【答案】21.C22. B 23. A 24. D25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. C30. A 31. A 32. B30. A 31. A 32. B33. D 34. B 35. C 36. D 37. A 38. C 39.B 40. D【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。作者回忆自己的人生经历，从中得到了感悟。在人生路上起初忽略了妈妈 的情感，而后来不开超速车是为了自己，也是为了妈妈。其实，似乎生活也有它自己的日常 规律，如

46、果你发现自己走得太快，你可能会错过那些让生活如此特别的时刻。21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她背对着我，肩膀下垂，双手放松。A. moving移动；B. breaking 破坏；C.facing面对；D. escaping逃脱。根据第1空后的away from me可知，她背对着我。 故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“好了，我们到家了。我说，意思是现在是她离开的时候了， 让我一个人待着。A. explaining 解释；B. implying 暗示；C. plaining 抱怨；D. interrupting 打 断。根据第 2 空前后内容 “Okay, were home

47、J和 that now was her time to get out and let me be on my own.可知,此处指作者在“暗示”她。故选B。23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她抽了抽鼻子，把头发梳到耳后，露出泪汪汪的眼睛和湿润的脸 颊。A. brushed梳,刷;B.leaned倾斜;C.removed去掉,转移；D. touched触摸，碰。根据 第3空后的her hair behind her ears可知，此处指“梳”头发。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“妈妈！你为什么哭？ 我问，尽管我已经知道了答案。A. consequence 结果；B. resp

48、onse 响应；C. explanation 解释；D. answer 答案，回答。根据第 4 空前的Mom! Why are you crying?” I asked, even though I already knew 可知，作者知道妈妈为 什么哭。故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我刚刚拿到了我盼望了几个月的驾照。A. permission许可；B. license执照；C. diploma毕业证书；D.car小汽车。根据第5空下句I was free-able to drive myself可知，作者拿到了 “驾照”。故选B。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我把它放在口袋里，但我突然感到内疚。A. relieved感到 宽慰的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C.guilty有罪的；D. desperate令人绝望的。根据第8空后的 I hated it that I had been so ignorant toward her feelings. I had been counting down the days,