2022-2023学年福建省宁德市高三(上)期中英语试卷(附答案详解).docx
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1、2022.2023学年福建省宁德市高三(上)期中英语试卷AFrom prehistoric (史前的)cave paintings to modern-day dog shows, humans* love and fascination for animals has long remained.The following projects show you how humans are working to create a brighter future for animals.Big Cats InitiativeThis has the primary goal of stoppin
2、g the decline in the population of big cats worldwide since 2OO9.In Africa, this means ensuring the monitoring and protection of species like lions and cheetahs, whose numbers have declined sharply over the last century.With the Initiatives help, these species will continue to live in their natural
3、habitats, safe from illegal hunting, environmental degradation (恶化),and other human influences.Find it on: Explore Kruger National Park.Polar Bears InternationalClimate change has threatened the worlds polar bear populations: As the planet warms, these creatures risk losing more of their icy habitat
4、 than ever before.This project works to reduce greenhouse gas emissions that cause the melting of the Arctic sea ice upon which polar bears depend, and to raise awareness about the plight (困境)of this beautiful animal.Find it on: Canadian Polar Bear Experience. Vembanad Wetlands Conservation ProgramS
5、ince 2005, the program has worked to protect the habitat of plants and animals in the wetlands of Vembanad Lake in India.The organization also teaches and monitors sustainable fishing practices there ; travelers will learn from fishermen how fishing practices are carried out in a way that does no da
6、mage to these important waters.Find it on: Iconic India.Sea Turtle ConservancySea turtles depend on sea grasses.When these grasses die, the turtles are placed at serious risk.This has a cyclical effect: sea grasses, like regular grass on land, depend on regular mowing11 to continue growing, and with
7、out turtles to feed on it, the grass itself stops thriving, which threatens hundreds of other species who use sea grasses for shelter.Find it on: Explore Costa Rica.1. Why was Big Cats Initiative set up? A. To prevent big cats from illness.B. To monitor the population of big cats.C. To protect the e
8、ndangered big cats.D. To stop the environment from worsening.2. Where can visitors practice eco-friendly fishing? 答案和解析13.【答案】C、C、B【解析】(1)推理判断题。根据Big Cats Initiative部分的This has the primary goal of stopping the decline in the population of big cats worldwide since 2009 (这 个项目的主要目标是阻止自2009年以来全球大型猫科动物数
9、量的下降)可知大型猫科动物倡议成 立,以保护濒危的大型猫科动物。故选C。(2)推理判断题。根据文章 Vembanad Wetlands Conservation Program 部分的 Since 2005, the program has worked to protect the habitat of plants and animals in the wetlands of Vembanad Lake i n India.The organization also teaches and monitors sustainable fishing practices there(自 200
10、5 年以来, 该项目一直致力于保护印度文巴纳德湖湿地的动植物栖息地。该组织还在那里教授和监督可持续 的捕鱼方法。)可知游客可以在Vembanad湖练习环保捕鱼。故选C。(3)细节理解题。根据文章Sea Turtle Conservancy部分的Sea turtles depend on sea grasses.When these grasses die,the turtles are placed at serious risk.This has a cyclical effect: sea grasses, like regular grass on land, depend on reg
11、ular nmowingn to continue growing, and without turtles to feed on it,the grass itself stops thriving,which threatens hundreds of other species who use sea grasses for shelter.Find it on: Explore Costa Rica. (海龟依靠海草生存。当这些草死去时,海龟就处于严重的危险之中。这产生了一种循环效应: 海草和陆地上的普通草一样,依赖于定期的“割草”来继续生长,如果没有海龟以此为食,海草本 身就会停止生
12、长,这威胁到数百个以海草为住所的其他物种。找到它:探索哥斯达黎加。)可知 海洋生态系统的崩溃显示了海龟灭绝的周期性影响。因此B.The oceans ecosystems breaking down.(海洋生态系统的崩溃。)符合题意。故选B。本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了以下项目向你展示了人类是如何努力为动物创造一个更加光明的 未来的。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语 句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。47.【答案】A、D、C、B【解析】(1)目的意图题。根据文章第一段1 was trained as a gymnast in Hunan,
13、 China, in the 1970s.The government wanted to transfer (转学)me to a school for athletes while my parents wanted me to become an engineer,because they firmly believed there was only one sure way to happiness: a safe and well-paid job. (20 世 纪70年代,我在中国湖南接受体操训练。政府想把我转到一所运动员学校,而我的父母想让我成 为一名工程师,因为他们坚信只有一条
14、通往幸福的必经之路:一份安全且高薪的工作。)可知第 1段的目的是提供背景资料。故选A。(2)推理判断题。根据文章第三段I satisfied my hunger for parental advice from the Fu Leis Family Letters by Fu Lei and Zhu Meifu, found my role model of an independent woman from Jane Eyre, learned to be efficient from Cheaper by the Dozen,and inspired myself to study abr
15、oad after reading Complete Works of Sanmao and Lessons from History. (我从傅雷和朱美福的傅雷家书中满足了我对父母忠告的渴望,从简爱中找到了我的独 立女性榜样,从一打一打的便宜中学会了高效,从三毛全集和历史的教训中激发了 我出国留学的灵感。)可知从三毛全集中,作者获得了出国留学的动力。故选D。(3)段落大意题。根据文章第三段I satisfied my hunger for parental advice from the Fu Lei*s Family Letters by Fu Lei and Zhu Meifu, fou
16、nd my role model of an independent woman from Jane Eyre, learned to be efficient from Cheaper by the Dozen,and inspired myself to study abroad after reading Complete Works of Sanmao and Lessons from History. (我从傅雷和朱美福的傅雷家书中满足了我对父母忠告的渴望,从简爱中找到了我的独 立女性榜样,从一打一打的便宜中学会了高效,从三毛全集和历史的教训中激发了 我出国留学的灵感。)可知第三段主
17、要讲述了作者的比较阅读经验。故选C。(4)标题归纳题。根据文章最后一段Books have given me a magic portal (入)to connect with people of the past and the present.I have come to believe that coming true is not the only purpose of a dream.Its most important puipose is to get us in touch with where dreams come from, where passion comes fro
18、m and where happiness comes from.Even a shattered (遭受极大打击的) dream can do that for you.So may books be always with you.(书籍给 T 我一个神奇的入口,让我可以 与过去和现在的人联系起来。我开始相信实现不是梦想的唯一目的。它最重要的目的是让我们接 触到梦想从哪里来,激情从哪里来,快乐从哪里来。即使一个破碎的梦也能为你做到。所以,愿 书永远伴随着你。)可知B.How Books Open My Mind (书籍如何打开我的思维)是本文的最佳标 题。故选B。本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述
19、了书籍给了作者一个神奇的入口,让作者可以与过去和现在的人联 系起来。作者开始相信实现不是梦想的唯一目的o它最重要的目的是让我们接触到梦想从哪里来, 激情从哪里来,快乐从哪里来。即使一个破碎的梦也能为你做到。一、速读全文,了解大意知主题。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力,考生必须在 十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读,搜寻关键词、主题句,捕捉时空、顺 序、情节、人物、观点,并且理清文章脉络,把握语篇实质。二、看题干,带着问题读文章。首先要掌握问题的类型,客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案;而主观判断题考查的是对 文章的感情基调等,这类题必须经过
20、对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。 其次,了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息,然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读,对有关信息 进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性,提高了做题的准确率。三、逻辑推理,做好深层理解题。在实际阅读中,有时作者并未把意图说出来,阅读者要根据字面意思,通过语篇逻辑关系, 研究细节的暗示,推敲作者的态度,理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖 掘和逻辑推理,不能就事论事,以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有:infer, imply, suggest, indicate 等。四、猜词悟义,扫除阅读拦路虎。猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无
21、误地理解上下文,而且要有较大的泛读量, 掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会“顺藤摸瓜”,通过构词,语法,定义,同位,对比,因 果,常识,上下文等线索确定词义。811 .【答案】A、D、B、D【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句Professor Glen Jeffery of the UCL Institute of Ophthalmology said, As you age,your visual system declines significantly,particularly once over 40.Your retinal sensitivity and your co
22、lor vision are both gradually undermined (破坏),and with an ageing population, this is an increasingly important issue.(伦敦大学学院眼科研究所的格伦杰弗里教授说:“随着年龄的增长,你的视觉系统会显著衰退,尤其是超过40岁 的时候。你的视网膜敏感度和色觉都会逐渐减弱,随着人口老龄化,这是一个越来越重要的问题。 ”)可知,杰弗里教授认为年龄影响视觉系统。故选A。(2)细节理解题。根据第三段中最后两句The ability to detect colors improved by up
23、 to 20% in some people aged around 40 and over.But the effe ct was not seen in younger individuals who were aged below 40.(些年龄在 40 岁及以上的人辨另Ll颜 色的能力提高了 20%。但这种影响在40岁以下的年轻人身上没有出现。)可知,40岁以上的参 与者从研究中受益更多。故选D。(3)细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句Scientists believe the discovery could pave the way for new eye therapies that
24、 are affordable and can be done by the patient at home.(科学家们相信,这一发现将为新的眼科治疗铺平道路,这种治疗方法 既经济实惠,又可由患者在家进行。)和最后一句The technology is simple, safe and very promising. (这项技术简单、安全,很有前途。)可知,这一发现实用而且有医疗价值。故选B。(4)文章出处题。根据全文内容,结合第一段A study by the University College London (UCL) has shown that staring at long wav
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