陕西省安康市2023届高三上学期第一次质量联考（一模）英语试卷(含答案).docx

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1、陕西省安康市2023届高三上学期第一次质量联考（一模）英语试卷学校：姓名：班级：考号：一、阅读理解We did a quick survey of New Year traditions around the world, and couldnt help but notice that the traditions might reflect cultural varieties, but the meanings behind them are pretty universal.PhilippinesIn Philippines, families hold traditional din

2、ner parties called Media Noche to greet the New Year. Circle-shaped fruits are their favorites, such as grapes, oranges and melons, since they look like coins, you know. Filipinos actually try to choose 12 different kinds of fruit to put on the table-one for each month in the New Year.Make sure you

3、leave some food in your plate. Its bad luck to start the New Year off as a hungry wolf.SpainMany Spaniards will eat 12 fresh grapes at midnight-one with each strike of the clock. Each grape represents a wish for happiness and good luck for every month in the coming year. This “12 grapes in 12 second

4、s，custom came from a grape farmer in the Alicante region who wanted to promote his produce about a century ago. The tradition has spread to other countries too, with a few adjustments. In Portugal, they eat 12 dried grapes. In Peru, they eat a thirteenth grape.DenmarkIn Denmark, they eat kransekage,

5、 a big horn-shaped cake, on New Years Eve. When theyre finished with the cake, its Danish custom to throw the used plates against the front doors of their friends and neighbors. Ifs actually a sign of friendship.ItalyPork sausages are usually served on New Years Eve in Italy. Italians choose pork be

6、cause they think pigs are fat and keep moving forward, while other animals, such as chickens or cows, move backward or stand still.But whatever you eat into the New Year in Italypork, fish or chickenmake sure you stay at home. Italians throw old possessions out of the window after midnight as an out

7、-with- the-old, make-room-for-lhe-new gesture.1 How many kinds of fruit are usually served at Media Noche?A. 6.B. 8.C. 10.D. 12.10、答案：B解析:细节理解题。根据第六段“The flower actually reaches human body temperature, making it all the more convincing to flesh-loving insects,“可知，“尸花”的体温升高是为了吸 引传粉昆虫。11、答案：B解析：标题判断题。

8、通读全文可知，文章介绍了“尸花”招揽传粉昆虫的两个方法:散发臭 味及升高体温。因此,B项概括得最全面。A项仅概括了第五段:发臭的原理。12、答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“But its at the soils expense.“可知,作者认为重量日益增 加的农业机械会给土壤带来危害。13、答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“Heavy fann machinery squeezes the life out of that rich soil by. lowering oxygen levels”可推断，板结了的土壤不可能更透气。14、答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段”.wh

9、ich distribute the load more widely and keep the vehicles from sinking too deeply into Ihe soil surface.”可矢口，宽轮胎只是像电厂的高烟! 一 样分散了土壤承受的压力，并没有减少土壤承受的总压力。15、答案:A解析：推理判断题。通读全文，特别是根据第二段“That incredible eflicicncy enables about 5 percent of the worlds population to feed the other 95 percent.及第三段If current

10、trends continue, it may eventually reduce global crop production by as much as 20 percent” 可推断，作者希望在生产效率与危害土壤之间能取得一个平衡。16、答案：.DFEBG解析：根据空前的代词our及空后“So we cannot be a threat to anyone.”可知,D项“我们 也用这个手势表示我们的手是空着的“符合。解这一题应该抓住两点listeners与audience属于同义词衔接;2）手指对方、趾高气扬 地讲话自然会引起听众反感。这是语义衔接。根据空前“Researchers sa

11、y, smile is all about the lines around the eyes.”及空后If he is trying to force a smile, you wont see the lines and the facial expression tends to be very awkward.”可知,E项“会心笑的时候，眼圈周围会出现大量的鱼尾纹”符合。根据In the same way that real smiles shape the lines around the eyes,“可知,作者的目的 是教读者如何辨别假恭维:只有口是心非、担心露马脚时眉毛才会扬起来

12、，故B项符 合。根据空后，尤其是段末“Be aware of the environment before making a decision or changing strategy based on these types of behaviors”可知，解读身体语言时不能太教条，应 该兼顾当时的具体环境才有意义，故G项符合。17、答案：B解析：根据下文”.she has. to feed her family of five.”可知,Nunavut 地区的食品(food)价 格高得离谱。18、答案：A解析：为此,Leesee Papatsie还建了一个专门的社交账号供当地居民晒(show

13、)单。19、答案：C解析：她说，自己一家五口,每周至少要花(spend)五百美金买食物,而且是非常基本的食 物(basics)。20、答案：D解析：见上题解析。21、答案：A解析：根据第一段Nunavut is a faraway polar area in Canada.”可知,Nunavul 是一个非常 偏僻遥远的(remote)地方。22、答案：C解析：因为食品要靠空运，所以无法降低价格(prices)。23、答案：B解析：因此，当地食品还是首选(preferred)。24、答案：D解析：这些本地(native)食品营养丰富，可以保证人们在严酷环境中保持健康(healthy)。25、答案

14、：A解析：见上题解析。26、答案:B解析：猎人们还能把一些动物(animals)的皮毛做成皮货卖掉谋生(living)。27、答案：C解析：见上题解析。28、答案：D解析：当地人还保持着集体就餐的传统以确保没人会挨饿(hungry)。29、答案：C解析：猎人们也会分享他们的猎物(catch)。30、答案：A解析：这对于那些没有打猎工具或技能的家庭来讲尤其重要(significant)。31、答案：D解析：根据下文“her parents would prepare large breakfasts every day.”可知，小规模的聚 餐也很常见(regular)。32、答案：B解析：Lee

15、see Papatsie还记得(remembers)她父母每天都会邀请邻居和社区成员来共享 (share)早餐。33、答案：C解析：见上题解析。34、答案：D解析：共享食物是保证这些生活在极地的土著人生生不息的传统(customs)之一。35、答案：B解析：不过,Leesee Papatsie认为，要往前走(move forward)的话，还得投资一些培训项目让孩子们(children)继承那些传统的捕捞技能。36、答案：A解析：见上题解析。37、答案：whichatimportancehave been killedlowcrscriouslygroupsto pass it/that en

16、joying解析：考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，该空引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，从句 中缺少主语，且先行词为soup,故用关系代词whicho考查介词。at the top of sth意为“处于的顶端”，为固定短语。考查词形转换。根据该空前的of great可知，所填词为名词作介词宾语，故用所给形容 词的名词形式importance。考查动词的时态和语态。根据空后的each year可知,此处用一般现在时。又因为sharks与kill之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态。考查形容词的比较级。根据空后的than可知，此处应用low的比较级lowero考查词形转换。分析该句成分可知，所填词

17、在此处修饰动词threatened,作状语，故用所 给形容词的副词形式seriouslyo考查名词复数。gr。叩为可数名词根据空后的谓语动词are可知，此处用所给名词的 复数。考查非谓语动词。ask sb. to do sth.意为“请求某人做某事”，为固定搭配。考查代词。此处代词it/that指代通过立法禁止鱼翅的销售这一做法。考查非谓语动词。stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”，为固定搭配。38、答案：Whenever we are faced with problems, cooperation plays an important part in us gettingout

18、 of trouble. But there was a time when I was t()() proud that I overlooked my classmatessoand reflise to work together with them. As a result, I was left alone or suffered from refusedandloneliness. Fortunately, a teacher convinced me of cl value of cooperation. From then on, I thehave learned to he

19、lp others and turn from them for help when I had difficulty finishing my totask on 小椅 own- Now I am getting along very with my friends. My experience has mywelltaught me a very important lesson ,篇taught me a very important lesson ,篇the more we value cooperation, the further wewill go.解析：39、答案:One Su

20、nday, my parents went out to the supermarket, and it occurred to me that I could give our home a thorough cleanup. Firstly, I collected the clothes to hung out, folded them and put them in the wardrobe. Then I dusted the living room and put all things in place. After that, I swept and mopped the flo

21、or. When my parents came back, seeing the living room tidy and the floor shining, they looked at me in surprise and then gave me a big hug. Tired as I was, I fell so happy. Through this experience, I gained deeper insight into the glory of labour.I decided to help with the housework whenever I can.解

22、析：2 Who eat dried grapes at midnight to greet the New Year?A. The Portuguese. B. Spaniards. C. Filipinos. D. Italians.3、What do the last two traditions have in common?A. Eating special meat.B. Throwing away old things.C. Leaving food in plates.D. Preferring coin-shaped fruits.Zhou Youguang was the i

23、nventor of Pinyin,a spelling system that converts （转化）Chinese characters into words with the Roman alphabet. The system, adopted by China in 1958, gives readers an important tool to pronounce the Chinese characters that they are unfamiliar with.While it is not the first system to Romanize Chinese, P

24、inyin has become the most widely accepted tool to teach a language that has disparate dialects in different parts of China. Beyond Chinas borders, Pinyin allows the standardization of Chinese names. For instance, its a big reason why the name Westerners commonly use for the Chinese capital has shift

25、ed from “Peking to Bejing”. And its why many other such names have changed dramatically along with it.And yet Zhou, the man behind one of the most important innovations in the 20th century, said he was unwilling to take on the task in the mid-1950s. At the time, he was an economist and only recently

26、 returned to China.“I said I was an amateur and that I couldnt do the job,“ he told the BBC in 2012, laughing. “But they said, its a new job. Everybody is an amateur/ Everybody urged me to change professions. So I did. In 1955,1 abandoned economics and started studying writing syslems.”The committee

27、 led by Zhou spent three years working on its alphabetic system. Some people made fun of us, joking that it had taken us a long time to deal with just 26 letters, he said in the interview.Others took the committees invention very seriously, however. The Chinese government immediately introduced Piny

28、in in schools. The international community eventually adopted it as the standard Romanization for Chinese writing, as well? with the United Nations doing so in 1986.Before the invention of Pinyin, 85% of Chinese people could not read. Now, about 95% can read. Pinyin has also played a vital role in d

29、etermining the ways mobile phones and computers recognize Chinese characters.4、Which of the following can replace the underlined word “disparate“ in paragraph 2?A. Different. B. Ugly.C. Standard. D. Understandable.5、What did Mr. Zhou probably study in university?A. English.B. Chinese. C. Computer. D

30、. Economics.6、What can be learned about Pinyin?A. It has twenty-six spelling rules .B. It was introduced in schools in 1955.C. The United Nations adopted it in 1986.D. It is the first attempt to Romanize Chinese.7 Which paragraph mainly focuses on the significance of Pinyin?A. Paragraph 5. B. Paragr

31、aph 6. C. Paragraph 7. D. Paragraph 8.Huge crowds are forming on Monday at the US Botanic Garden in Washington, DC. Usually, its a place to see flowers that look pretty, smell fantastic and bloom（开花）annually. But today, the so-called “corpse plants” on show are the opposite in all aspects.Native to

32、the rain forests of Sumatra, Indonesia, the corpse plants dont bloom on a regular cycle-the length of time between blooms ranges from a few years to a few decades and they are ugly and smelly.“Last night, it started out like a good French chccsc, stinky but delightful. Then it moved on to a lazy boy

33、s socks. At last, it was junior high school gym, followed by full-on rotten fish. Finally, it moved all the way to a rotting meat smell that was so thick and heavy that I experienced a sore throat, burning eyes and had a bitter taste in my mouth J said John Clements, one of the garden employees.“It

34、smells bad to us, but it smells great to flies. It makes them think theres rotten meat somewhere to lay their eggs, and that helps the corpse plant to get pollinated（授粉）,“says Rob Raguso, a professor at Cornell University. Since it takes a lot of energy fbr the plant to produce the smell, it puts it

35、 on reserve during the day, and will put it out in full strength from 9 pm to 3 am when the air is still and the smell can travel more easily.”The smell comes from a number of chemicals that smell differently on their own, and that together draw flies to the plants cup-like flower. One of these, tim

36、othylamine, smells like rotting fish. Another, isovaleric acid, is responsible for the terrible smell of sweaty gym socks.“It also heats up. The flower actually reaches human body temperature, making it all the more convincing to flesh-loving insects,“ adds Rob Raguso.8、What does John Clements mainl

37、y talk about?A. Lazy boys socks. B. Delightful French cheese.C. The smell of a flower.D. The taste of corpse plants.9、When should visitors go to the US Botanic Garden to experience the strongest smell?A. At noon. B. At dusk.C. In the afternoon. D. After midnight.10、Why does the temperature of corpse

38、 plants flowers go up?A. To reserve energy.B. To attract pollinators.C. To heat the environment.D. To send the smell further.11 Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. What Makes Corpse Plants Smell So Bad?B. How Do Coi-pse Plants Appeal to Insects?C. When Do Corpse Plants Bloom in

39、Full Strength?D. Why Can Flies Find Corpse Plants in the Darkness?Over the last 60 years, the size of farm machinery has been increasing. For example, from 1958 to 2020, the typical weight of a fully loaded combine harvester for com or wheal increased nearly ten times.In a way, its fantastic if you

40、see how much we can harvest in a certain amount of time today and how long it would have taken us 60 years ago. Some wheat harvesters, for example, can clear 30 acres in an hour. That incredible efficiency enables about 5 percent of the worlds population to feed the other 95 percent.But it is at the

41、 soils expense. One recent study reported that soil compaction(土壤板结) from heavy machines has reduced yields in some fields by as much as 5() percent. If current trends continue, it may eventually reduce global crop production by as much as 20 percent.Healthy soil is alive. A teaspoon of garden soil

42、might hold a billion bacteria and networks of air pockets. Heavy farm machinery squeezes the life out of that rich soil by compacting it at depths of a foot or more, lowering oxygen levels, and destroying the life that creates the basis for healthy soil. Once damaged, heavily compacted soil can take

43、 decades to recover, if it recovers at all J says Paul Hallett, a soil physicist at the University of Aberdeen, in Scotland.Farm machinery makers have tried to limit the impact on the soil by equipping heavy vehicles with fatter tires, which distribute the load more widely and keep the vehicles from

44、 sinking too deeply into the soil surface. 44But if you have a heavier load, the stress decreases less quickly with depth,“ says Paul Hallett. t4It is a bit like the way tall chimneys on a power plant spread air pollution far downwind.”12、What does the author think of the heavy farm vehicles?A. They

45、 are environment-friendly.B. They will go out of style very quickly.C. They do much harm to the soil.D. They can help increase crop production.13、Which of the following is most unlikely caused by soil compaction?A. Decreased crop production.B. Soil with abundant air pockets.C. Lack of bacteria in th

46、e fields.D. Lower oxygen levels in the soil.14、What does Paul Hallett want to show with the tail-chimney example?A. It is a very good idea to spread air pollution downwind.B. Vehicles with fatter tires will be less harmful to the soil.C. Heavy farm machines with fatter tires just spread the stress.D

47、. More effective measures have to be adopted to cut pollution.15、What message does the author seem to convey in the text?A. We have to strike a balance between efficiency and damage.B. Its fantastic to use more and more advanced farm machinery.C. It is high time that we let the damaged soil recover

48、slowly.D. We canI produce enough food to feed the worlds population.二、七选五16、 Over the past century, science has made lots of advances in understanding the meanings of body language. Here are some of the most useful findings.Openpalm（手掌）Have you noticed how someone swears to tell the truth in a court of law? He usually puts one hand on a religious book and raises the other hand into the air, palm facing whoever he is speaking to. He does this because an open palm has been associated with truth and honesty throughout our history. So