中考复习专项主谓一致.docx

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1、中考复习专项主谓一致英语中，主语的单数形式决定着谓语动词的单复数形式。主谓一致 一样遵循语法一致、意义一致和就近一致三个原则。一、名词作主语（一）单一名词做主语1 .某些集体名词如 family, team, audience, class, club, company, crew, enemy, crowd, government, group, party, public, population 等作主语时，假 如作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，假如强调其中个体成员，谓 语动词用复数形式。2 .某些集体名词如people, police, cattle, youth, folk等，只

2、能当复数看 待，谓语动词必须用复数。3 .单、复数同形的名词如 deer, sheep, species, means, works, Chinese 等做主语时，谓语动词应依照意义决定单、复数。4 .名词所有格之后的名词被省略，这种情形一样只指商店、工厂、住宅 等，作主语时，谓语动词一样用单数。如：The doctory s is across the str eet.（二）名词短语做主语1 .用and或bothand连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式。如： Walking and riding are good exercises.然而，并列主语假如指的是同一个 人、同一事物或同一概念时

3、，谓语动词用单数形式，这时and后面的名词 没有冠词。如:A knife and fork is on the table.2 .each, every, no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多个主语时， 谓语动词仍用单数形式。如：Each boy and each girl wants to go to scho ol.3 .假如主语有more than one或many a构成，尽管意义上是复数 内容，但谓语动词仍用单数形式。如：More than one student is reading t he book.然而，“more+复数名词+than one”结构之后，谓语动词一样多用

4、 复数形式。如：More members than one are against your plan.4 .当主语后面跟有 as well as, as much as, no less than, along with, with, like, rather than, together with, but, except, besides, including, in ad dition to等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数不受阻碍，即往常面的 名词为准。如：The teacher as well as the students was reading in the library.

5、5 .以 or, either ,or, neither-, nor, not only-but also 等连接的名词（代 词）作主语时，谓语动词的单复数应依照就近一致的原则。如：Either you or he is to go.6 .假如名词词组中心词是all, most, half, rest等词语所指的是复数意 义，谓语动词用复数形式；反之，用单数。7 .当表示度量、距离、金额、时刻、书名等名词词组做主语时，把这些 复数名词看作一个整体，谓语用单数形式。如：Three years has passed.8 .一些有两个部分构成的名词如 glasses, clothes, trouse

6、rs, shoes, comp asses, chopsticks, scissors等作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式。但假如 主语被“a kind of, a pair of, a series of等短语”修饰时，谓语动词一样 用单数形式。如：A pair of shoes was under the bed.9 .this kind/ type of + n.和 n. +this kind/ type of 结构做主语时,谓 语动词的单复数取决于of前的名词：This kind of book is harmful. Books of this kind are harmful.10

7、.在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如：Be tween the two windows hangs a picture.二、the+形容词作主语“the+形容词（或过去分词）”表示一类人或物，其作主语时谓语通 常用复数，这类词有：the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead, the deaf and dumb, the injured, the wounded 等。三、数词作主语（一）“分数或百分数十名词”构成的短语以及由“a lot of, lots of

8、, pl enty of, a large quantity of, a heaps of, half of+名词”构成的短语作主语 时，其谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致。（二）a number of+名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 然而，“the number of+名词”的中心词却是number “数量”，作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。.（三）a great deal of, a large amount of修饰不可数名词，作主语时， 谓语动词通常用单数；large amounts of修饰不可数名词，其作主语时，谓 语动词通常用复数，如：A large amoun

9、t of（A great deal of） damage was done in a very shor t time.（四）one and a half后跟名词复数形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形 式，如：One and a half bananas is left on the table.（五）half of, （a） part of短语作主语时，谓语动词的数取决于of后的 名词。.（六）one out of/ in+数词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。四、代词作主语（一）名词性物主代词作主语时，谓语动词既能够用做单数，也能够 用做复数，这取决于它所代替的名词是单数依旧复数。如：Ours （

10、Our Part y） is a great party.（二）such, the same起指示代词作用时，应依照其所指的内容来决定 单、复数。如：Such is our plan. Such are his words.（三）不定代词any, none, all, some, more等单独作主语时，视其在 文中的意义决定谓语动词用单数或复数形式，either, neither单独作主语时, 谓语动词通常用单数。然而后接of时，若of的宾语为不可数名词，谓语动 词用单数形式，若of的宾语为复数名词或代词时，谓语动词能够是单数也 能够是复数，在正式文体中，单数形式的谓语动词更常用。如：.Ne

11、ither of them knows you. None have seen the film.（四）关系代词who, that, which等在定语从句中作主语时，其从句的 谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。如：Those who want to answer put up your hands.（五）疑问代词who, what, which作主语时，谓语动词可依照说话人 所要表达的意思决定单、复数。Who lives next door? It is Mike.五、从句作主语（一）由what引导的主语从句，主句谓语动词的单复数取决于what 所指的具体内容，如：What we need

12、 is more time. What we need are doctors.（二）在one of+复数名词+who/ that/ which”引导的定语从句结构 中，关系代词who/that/which的先行词是靠近它的复数名词而不是one,因 此，从句中的谓语动词应该是复数形式。如：She is one of the girls who are late.然而当one之前有the only等修饰语时，关系代词的先行词是one, 因此从句的谓语动词应是单数形式。如：She was the only one of the girls who was late.【例题精析】.例 1. I, w

13、ho your good friend, will share your joys and sorrow s.A. was B. are C. is D. am答案：D o例 2. The rest of the books put on the top.A. were B. are C. is D. be答案：B o专题测试1. In that country, the rich richer, the poor, poorer.A.become B.has become C.becomes D.is becoming2. More than one worker dismissed.A.

14、have been B.are C. has been D.has3. In our country, every boy and every girl the right to go to school.A. has B. have C. is D. are4. Every means _ tried, but there is no result.A.have been B.has been C.will be D.were5. Each man and woman the same rights.A. has B. have C. had D. is having6. The popul

15、ation of China larger than of the USA.A. will be B. are C. is D. was7. Whisky and soda _ his favorite drink.A. is B. are C.were D. have been8. either he or I fit the job?Neither he nor you .A. Am,areB. Is,areC. Are,areD. Is,is9. All but him and me to the cinema.A.are going B.is going C.was going D.h

16、as going10. Not only I but also David and Iris fond of playing basket ball.A. am B. is C. are D. was11. Deer faster than dogs.A. will run B. are running C.runs D.run12. Cattle on the hillside.A.grazes B.is grazing C.was grazing D.were grazing13. “ twenty dollars a big sum to her?”.I suppose so.A. Wi

17、ll be B.is C. Are D. Were14. Interest, as well as prospects, important when one looks for a job.A. areB. were C. is D. was15. To play basketball and to go swimming useful for charac ter- training.A. was B. is C. are D. were16. The factory, including its machines and buildings, burnt 1 ast night.A. i

18、sB. areC. were D. was17. When and where to build the new factory yet.A. has not been decided B. is not decidedC. are not decided D. have not been decided18. What I want an interesting book, while what he wants two cups of coffee.A.is, are B.are, is C.is, is D.are, are19. The wounded good care of her

19、e now.A. is taken B. are being takenC. are taking D. is being taken20. Three hours enough for us to finish the task.A. are B. has C. is D. were21. Many a student that mistake before.A.had made B.has been made C.are made D.has made22. The gas works near the city.A. isB. are C. were D. be23. Mary is t

20、he only one of the girls who to be supported.A.is going B.are going C.was going D.were going24. Mary is one of the girls who always on time.A. is B. am C. are D. was.25. No one except two students _the meeting yesterday.A. has been late for B. have been late forC. was late forD. were late for26. Man

21、y a student26. Many a studentthe importance of learning a foreign language.e.A. have realizedB. has realizedC. have been realizedC. have been realizedD. has been realized27.The Philippines27.The Philippinesto the south- east of China.A. liesB. lieC. layD. lays28. All that canbe doneA. has doneB. has been doneC. have doneD. have been done29. The Smithstheir breakfast when the morning post came.A.had B.has been having C.are having D.were havingpublished.published.3().The number of articles on smokingA. isB. areC. were D. have been