江苏省无锡市江阴市2022-2023学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、江阴市普通高中2022年秋学期高三阶段测试卷英语注意事项考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求：1 .本试卷共10页，满分150分，考试时间为120分钟。2 .答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5亳米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡的规定 位置。3 .作答选择题时必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮 擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上指 定位置作答，在其它位置作答一律无效。4 .如需作图，必须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容

2、结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分75分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅 读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shir?A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.答案是C。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题纸/卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题L5分，满分75分）听下面5段对话。

3、每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅 读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How does the man feel?A. Relaxed.B. Anxious.C. Confident.【答案】B【解析】【原文】 M. Ive got an interview this afternoon. I feel so nervous. Could you give me some tips?W: Just try to relax! They want

4、someone who is confident. You have worked in this field for five years. You will do fine in the interview.2 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the man suggest the woman buy for Jack?mirror-like, reflecting away sonic sunlight. It cannot provide a straightforward equal and opposite response to greenhouse g

5、as warming; it will tend, for example, to reduce precipitation （降水）more than temperature, potentially changing rainfall patters to ease the problem of global warming.28. What does the underlined “these” refer to in Paragraph 1?A. The severe risks the world is facing.B. The terrible floods the earth

6、is experiencing.C. The extreme weather the planet is undergoing.D. The unsafe places the emission has created.29. How docs the author explain the consequences of the emission in Paragraph 2?A. By listing examples.B. By using figures.C. By asking questions.D. By making comparisons.30. What do we know

7、 about solar geoengineering?A. It will change the global temperature patterns.B. It may cut greenhouse gas emissions significantly.C. It will provide a direct response to global temperature.D. It may prevent sunlight from reaching the earth directly.31. Which of the following is a suitable title for

8、 the text?A. Global warming-bad news for the world.B. Cautious Adaptations-good news for the world.C. Solar Geoengineeringnew solutions to global warming.D. Greenhouse gas emission-familiar problems with global warming.【答案】28. A29. A 30. D 31. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了当前全球气候变暖的严重现状，以及带来的不良影响，同时也重点介绍了 应对措

9、施：太阳能地球工程。【28题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段倒数第二句 All the work! feels at risk and there seem no safe places to hide.（全世界 都处于风险之中，似乎没有安全的地方可以藏身。）”可知，整个世界都处在风险之中；根据语法规则可知， 指示代词ihese指代的为前文提及的人或物，本文中，上文提到的是世界面对的风险，故可推测该指示代词 指代的就是“风险”。故选A项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“With emissions continuing, it will get worse. If temperatures

10、rise by 3c in the coming decades, large parts of the tropics （热带地区）risk becoming too hot for outdoor work. Coral reefs and the sea life depending on them will disappear and so will the Amazon rainforest. Severe harvest failures will be common. Ice sheets in Antarctica and Greenland will shrink （收缩）p

11、ast the point of no return, promising sea rises measured not in millimetres, as todays are, but in metres.（随着排放的继续，情况会变得更糟。如果未来几十年气温上升3, 热带地区的大部分地区可能会变得太热，不适合户外工作。珊瑚礁和依赖它们的海洋生物将消失，亚马逊雨 林也将消失。严重的收割失败将很常见。南极洲和格陵兰岛的冰层将缩小到无法返回的地步，预计海平面将 不会像今天那样以亳米为单位，而是以米为单位。）”可知，本段通过举各类例子说明情况会变得更差，比 如热带地区，珊瑚礁和依赖它们的海洋生物

12、，亚马逊雨林和南极洲和格陵兰岛的冰层等都受到影响。故选A 项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句 It seeks to make clouds or particle layers （粒子层）in the atmosphere a bit more miiTor-like. reflecting away some sunlight.（它试图使大气中的云或粒子层更像镜子。反射掉一些阳光。）” 可知，太阳能地球工程能反射掉一些阳光，换言之，它能阻止一些眼光直射。故选D项。31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句Research has found that all these ha

13、ve something to do with greenhouse-gas emission （排放）,which has produced a planet more than 1 C （1.8F） warmer than the 18th century（研究发现，所 有这些都与温室气体排放有关，温室气体排放导致了一个比18世纪温度高出1（1.8平）的星球。）”可知， 本文前几段呈现了全球气候变暖这一问题的严重现状；根据第三段uSome cautious adaptations have been put into effect. However, cutting emissions a

14、lone is far from enough, its also wise to study the most amazing form of ad叩tation:solargeoengineering.（一些谨慎的适应措施已经付诸实施。然而，仅仅削减排放远远不够。研究最 令人惊奇的适应形式：太阳能地球工程也是明智的。）”可知，三四段重点介绍应对措施：太阳能地球工程。 故选项C “Solar Gcocnginccringnew solutions to global wanning.（太阳能地球工程-应对气候变暖的新措施）” 可用作本文标题。故选C项。DThe 2022 Winter Oly

15、mpics have just come to an end, but the feast of ice and snow is still going onBeijing Winter Paralympics kicked off on March 4. A sign language AI TV anchor that has served the Winter Olympics is now doing the broadcasting job for the Winter Paralympics, ensuring Chinese audiences who have hearing

16、difficulties can enjoy the Games.Created by Baidu Smart Cloud, the AI anchor is supported by the worlds largest sign language database with up to 2（）0,0（）0 pieces of data. The technology behind it makes for a qualified virtual anchor, whose mission is to provide a great service to those with hearing

17、 difficulties, allowing them to quickly obtain event information.Sign languages word order is different from spoken language. For example, people with hearing difficulties place the predicate at the end of the sentence, while we put them in the middle of the sentence, just between the subject and th

18、e object in modern Chinese. Therefore, sign language recognition is difficult, according to Yuan Tiantian, vice dean and professor at Tianjin University of Technology. Yuan and her team conducted extensive research on action recognition. The arms have 18 points that need to be analyzed, a hand has 2

19、1 points and a face has more than 100, All of these points are challenging for the AI to process.Compared with human language translators, the Al sign language anchor has some advantages. It can help with the continuous translation for long texts, and limit the amount of information lost. Also, stat

20、istics indicated that under special circumstances, the correct rate of sign language recognition could top 97 percent while the correct rate of sign language creation could be even higher.After the Winter Paralympics, the AI sign language TV anchor will have no shortage of applications. Theresearch

21、team expects that it could help those with hearing difficulties in their shopping, transportation and other aspects of daily life. Chinas virtual human industry is ready fbr rapid growth, with applications in areas such as broadcasting, entertainment, retail, finance and education. It is also possib

22、le that everyone eventually will have their very own avatar.32. Whats the function of the AI anchor at Beijing Winter Paralympics?A. lb spread the feast of ice and snow.B. To help the deaf Chinese enjoytheevents.C. To broadcast the spirit of the Olympic Games.D. To collect the sign language database

23、 of the events.33. What makes sign language recognition difficult?A. The mixed predicate.B. The complex database.C. The difficult action recognition.D. The different language order.34. Which of (he following helps AI sign language anchor stand out?A. The rapid growth of Chinas AI and virtual human i

24、ndustry.B. The challenging action recognition of the arms, hands and face.C. The continuous translations fbr long texts with high correct rate.D. The perfect correct rate of sign language recognition and creation.35. Whats the authors attitude to Chinas virtual human industry?A. Doubtful.B. Ambiguou

25、s.C. Critical.D. Optimistic.【答案】32. B 33. D 34. C 35. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了北京冬残奥会采用人工智能电视支持人做转播工作，确保有听 力障碍的中国观众能够享受奥运会。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中 “ A sign language AI TV anchor that has served the Winter Olympics is now doing the broadcasting job fbr the Winter Paralympics, ensuring Chinese audiences wh

26、o have hearing difficulties can enjoy Ihe Games.（ 一名曾为冬奥会服务的手语人工智能电视主持人现在正在为冬季残奥会做转播工作，确保 有听力障碍的中国观众能够享受奥运会）”可知，人工智能主持人在北京冬残奥会的作用是帮助中国聋人享 受这些活动。故选B。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中 “Sign languages word order is different from spoken language. For example, people with hearing difficulties place the predicate at t

27、he end of the sentence, while we put them in the middle of （he sentence, just between （he subject and （he object in modem Chinese. Therefore, sign language recognition is difficult, according to Yuan Tiantian, vice dean and professor at Tianjin University of Technology4手语的语序不 同于口语。例如，在现代汉语中，有听力障碍的人把

28、谓语放在句尾，而我们把谓语放在句子中间，就在主 语和宾语之间。因此，天津理工大学副院长、教授袁天天表示，手语识别是一件困难的事情）”可知，不同 的语言顺序让手语识别变得困难。故选D。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段 uCompared with human language translators, the Al sign language anchor has some advantages. It can help with the continuous translation for long texts, and limit the amount of information

29、lost. Also, statistics indicated that under special circumstances, the correct rate of sign language recognition could top 97 percent while the correct rate of sign language creation could be even higher.（与人类语言翻译相比，手语 主播具有定的优势。它可以帮助长文本的连续翻译，并限制信息丢失的数量。此外，统计数据显示，在 特殊情况下，手语识别的正确率可以超过97%,而手语创造的正确率可能更高）

30、”可知，长文本的连续翻 译，正确率高，使得AI手语主持人脱颖而出。故选C。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段 “Chinas virtual human industry is ready for rapid growth, with applications in areas such as broadcasting, entertainment, retail, finance and education. It is also possible that everyone eventually will have their very own avatar.（随着在广播等领域的应用，

31、中国的虚拟人产业已经做好了快速增长的准备。娱 乐、零售、金融和教育。也有可能每个人最终都会有自己的化身）”可推知，作者对中国的虚拟人产业持乐 观态度。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分125分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。lb be successful or fulfilled, we should plan steps and attach deadlines. Researches show that goals can get you to work harder, focus more and perform bet

32、ter. 36 Worse still, they can make you more likely to cheat, and less likely to thrive.For most of us, goals are outcomes. Those who are motivated only by （he desire for the fruits of action are miserable, fbr theyre constantly anxious about the results of what they do. In fact, focusing on the outc

33、ome may make you even less likely to meet it. 37 It may be to learn to focus on process and forget the outcome entirely.38 That relates to the other risk of goalsetting: its fbcus. Research also shows that if they dont really know how to complete the task, give them a goal that early on messes up th

34、eir performance.As an analysis outlines, when people were given performance-oriented goal, they acted in more competitive, selfish ways. Of course, its human nature to have aims, but wc also may want to change our whole approach. Imagine the goal as a journey, which is about enjoying the movement, t

35、he particular challenges and the landscapes. 39So instead of focusing on where you want to be, set a goal based on the experience you want to have along the way. If you really want to find fulfillment, you have to do something else too. Give yourself over to your work, but let go of the outcome. 40

36、But it can be freer and more fulfilling.A. Goals in themselves arent bad.B. But they also can kill your creativity.C. So instead of focusing on your goal, what is the key?D. In other words, prioritize the journey not just the destination.E. As a result, the people who focus less on their goal are mo

37、re likely to meet it.F. Research shows that tough, specific goals get better results than easy, vague ones.G. Thal means living with fewer goals, and with purpose, direction and openness instead.【答案】36. B 37. C 38. F 39. D 40. G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究表明，目标可以让你更努力地工作，更专注，表现得更 好，但它们也会扼杀你的创造力。文章主要就如何

38、正确地看待目标提出了一些研究发现。【36题详解】根据上文 “To be successful or fulfilled, we should plan steps and attach deadlines. Researches show that goals can get you to work harder, focus more and perform better.（要想成功或完成任务，我们应该计划步骤并设定最 后期限。研究表明，FI标可以让你更努力地工作，更专注，表现得更好）”以及后文“Worse still, they can make you more likely to ch

39、eat, and less likely to thrive.（更糟糕的是，它们会让你更有可能作弊,更不可能茁 壮成长）”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出目标存在的弊端。故B选项“但它们也会扼杀你的创造力” 符合语境，故选B。【37题详解】根据上文 “For most of us, goals are outcomes. Those who are motivated only by the desire for the fruits of action arc miserable, fbr theyre constantly anxious about the results of what

40、they do. In fact, focusing on the outcome may make you even less likely to mee it.（对我们大多数人来说，目标就是结果。那些只被追求行动成果的欲 望所驱使的人是痛苦的，因为他们不断地担心他们所做的事情的结果。事实上，只关注结果可能会让你更 不可能实现目标）”以及后文 “h may be to learn to focus on process and forget the outcome entirely.（它可能是 学会专注于过程，完全忘记结果）”可知，后文提到学会专注过程，可知本句引起下文，指出关注过程的关 键

41、是什么。故C选项“不专注于你的目标的关键是什么？ 符合语境，故选C。【38题详解】根据后文That relates to the other risk of goalsetting: its fbcus. Research also shows that if they dont really know how to complete the task, give them a goal that early on messes up their performance.（这与设定 目标的另一 个风险有关：它的焦点。研究还表明，如果他们真的不知道如何完成任务，给他们一个目标，会在一开始 就扰乱

42、他们的表现）”可知，后文提到研究还表明/什么，说明本句是在介绍第一个研究的发现。故F选项 “研究表明，强硬、具体的目标比简单、模糊的目标效果更好”符合语境，故选F。【39题详解】根据上文 “As an analysis outlines, when people were given performance-oriented goal, they acted in more competitive, selfish ways. Of course, its human nature to have aims, but we also may want to change our whole a

43、pproach. Imagine the goal as a journey, which is about enjoying the movement, the particular challenges and the landsc叩es.（正如一项分析概述的那样，当人们被给予以绩效为导向的目标时，他们会表现得更有竞争力， 更自私。当然，有目标是人类的天性，但我们也可能希望改变我们的整个方法。把目标想象成一段旅程， 享受运动、特殊的挑战和风景）”可知，上文提到把目标想象成一段旅程，享受运动、特殊的挑战和风景， 说明要享受旅程的过程，而不仅仅是目的地。故D选项“换句话说，优先考虑过程而不仅仅

44、是目的地”符 合语境，故选D。【4（）题详解】根据上文 “So instead of focusing on where you want to be, set a goal based on the experience you want to have along the way. If you really want （o find fulHllment, you have to do something else too. Give yourself over to your work, but let go of the outcome4因此，与其关注你想要达到的目标，不如根据你在前

45、进过程中想要获得的经 验设定一个目标。如果你真的想找到满足感，你也必须做一些其他的事情。把自己投入到工作中去，但不 要在意结果）”以及后文“Bui it can be freer and more fulfilling.（但它可以更自由、更充实）”可知,上文提到 与其关注你想要达到的目标，不如根据你在前进过程中想要获得的经验设定一个目标，可见不要那么在意 目标，而要有目的、有方向和开放。故G选项“这意味着生活中少一些目标，而要有目的、有方向和开 放”符合语境，故选G。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选

46、项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。It was the 2019 summer break. I traveled to a town in rural Xiamen for two weeks to41local childrenwith after-school courses.Although Xiamen is a developed city, there are still many left-behind children in the rural areas who need 42 to summer activities. I overcame many difficulti

47、es there, including mosquitoes and the 43 schedule, i also experienced, for the first time in my life, planting rice in the fields, standing ankledeep in 44 .That experience was a（n）45 part of my life. 46 teaching the students, wewere also receiving life lessons in overcoming difficulties.The experi

48、ence of working at the 47 level also broadened my horizons and provided insights I could never have 48 in the college library.Nowadays, many college students are willing to 49 volunteer work to their graduation choices. I think they will be more down-to-earth and gain a deeper understanding of 5（）co

49、nditions after seeing a different China, a country in times of 51.Like me, most university students are their familys only child, and they have 52 met difficulties.As such, they have to 53 their living environment and the rural working by themselves.By 54 volunteer work, they learn unforgettable lessons in life and become more sensible【解析】and55.