Unit1Livingwell语法复习不定式学案-高三英语一轮复习人教新课标选修七.docx

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1、高中英语人教版新课标选修7Unitl语法复习一不定式 【课前检查】单词拼写1. The minister has indicated that he may（辞职）next year.2. We（祝贺）you on the birth of your daughter.3. Had we made（充分的）preparations, we might have succeeded.4. （通路）to the garden is through the kitchen.5. . The fire（出口） is located at the end of the hallway.6. Such a

2、 move met with the warm（赞成）of all developing countries.7. He sold the field at a good（禾润）.8. At present people like looking for（同伴）on their journey on the Internet.9. Should the death penalty be（废除，废止）？10. It is difficult to preserve your（尊严）when you have no job.Keys: l.resign2.congratulate3.adequat

3、e4.Access5.exit6.approvaI7.profit8 panions9.abolished 10 . dignity【问题查找】单项选择.Why was the official meeting called?new officers.A. SelectB. SelectingC. To select D. For selecting. Where did he go? He went to another store.A. to buy pencils B. for buying pencils C. buy pencils D. buying pencils.Go to t

4、he theatre with me, will you? I should like, but I dont have time.A. toB. tooC. to doD. to go to4. The lost child desired nothing but4. The lost child desired nothing but4. The lost child desired nothing but4. The lost child desired nothing buthome.A. go5.That box isB. to goC. goingD. wentA. too hea

5、vy for me to carryC. so heavy for me to carryB. too heavy for me to carryC. so heavy for me to carryC. too heavy for me to carryC. so heavy for me to carryD. too heavy for me to carryC. so heavy for me to carryE. too heavy for me to carry it D. very heavy for me to carryKeys： CAABA【要点精讲】一、概念：3. It m

6、e two hours to find your new house.A. costB. took4. We did not expect our offer so quickly.A. rejectedB. to reject5. He told her there at once.A. getB. getsC.spentC. to be rejectedC. should getD. usedD. rejectingD. to get6. We all think it most foolish this mistake.A. for you making B. of you to mak

7、eC. you to makeD. for you to make7.1 really dont know.C. to swim howD. how swimA. to swim B. how to swimKeys： DBBCD BB二、阅读理解Poet William Stafford once said that we are defined more by the detours（绕行路）in life than by the narrow road toward goals.I like this image.But it was quite by accident that I d

8、iscovered the deep meaning of his words.For years we made the long drive from our home in Seattle to my parents* home in Boise in nine hours.We traveled the way most people do: the fastest, shortest, easiest road, especially when I was alone with four noisy, restless kids who hate confinement（限制）and

9、 have strong opinions about everything.Road trips felt risky, so I would drive fast, stopping only when I had to.We would stick to the freeways and arrive tired.But then Banner, our lamb was born.He was rejected by his mama days before our planned trip to Boise.I had two choices： leave Banner with m

10、y husband, or take him with me.My husband made the decision for me.That is how I found myself on the road with four kids, a baby lamb and nothing but my everlasting optimism to see me through.We took the country roads out of necessity.We had to stop every hour, let Banner shake out his legs and feed

11、 him.The kids chased him and one another.Theyd get back in the car breathless and energized, smelling fresh from the cold air.We explored side roads, catching grasshoppers in waisthigh grass.Even if we simply looked out of the car windows at baby pigs following their mother, or fish leaping out of t

12、he water, it was better than the best ride down the freeway.Here was life.And new horizons （见识）.We eventually arrived at my parents* doorstep astonishingly fresh and full of stories.I grew brave with the trip back home and creative with my disciplining technique.On an empty section of road, everyone

13、 started quarreling.I stopped the car, ordered all kids out and told them to meet me up ahead.I parked my car half a mile away and read my book in sweet silence.Some road trips are by necessity fast and straight.But that trip with Banner opened our eyes to a world available to anyone adventurous eno

14、ugh to wander around and made me realize that a detour may uncover the best part of a journey-and the best part of yourself.1. Why did the author use to take freeways to her parents1 home?A. It was less tiring.B. It would be faster and safer.C. Her kids would feel less confined.D. She felt better wi

15、th other drivers nearby.2. The author stopped regularly on the country roads to.A. relax in the fresh airB . take a deep breathC. take care of the lambD. let the kids play with Banner3. Why did the author ask the kids to get out of the car on their way back home?A.To give herself some time to read.B

16、 To order some food forthem.C.To play a game with them.D.To let them cool down.4. What could be the best title for the passage?A.Charm of the DetourB.The Road to BraveryC Creativity out of NecessityC Creativity out of NecessityC Creativity out of NecessityC Creativity out of NecessityD. Road Trip an

17、d Country LifeKeys:本文是记叙文。作者通过自己的经历告诉我们这样一个道理:在生活中宁可多走绕行路, 也不要在目标方向上走狭窄的路。因为在人生的绕行路上，你可能会欣赏到更美的风景。1. B 细节理解题。由文章第二段中的 We traveled the way most people do： the fastest, shortest, easiest road可知，作者之所以这样走是因为这条路是最快、最短而又最好走的。故选B项。2. C 细节理解题。由文章第五段中的We had to stop every hour, let Banner shake out his legs

18、and feed him.”可知，作者在路上每行驶一个小时就要停下来一次，目的是照顾一下刚出 生不久的小羊。3. D 推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段中的 On an empty section of road, everyone started quarreling.I stopped the car, ordered all kids out可知，孩子们在路上吵个不停，“我”停下 车，让他们出去，目的是让他们冷静一下。4. A 主旨大意题。文章讲述了作者去父母家和回自己家绕路的途中获得的乐趣，这也印证 了著名诗人的那句话，由此我们可以概括出文章的标题：绕行路的魅力。三、完形填空Ever sin

19、ce Graydon James realized he*d bee more famous writing songs rather than books, his line between music and literature has not been clear.Although Toronto musician Graydon James doesnt have the great to write prose（散文），his latest release（唱片），Goodnight, YonngNovelist, certainly 2 a broader story than

20、the average album.With 40 songs spread over two discs, James says that the idea behind it was actually quite ordinary.”1 3 the recording process in the wake of my previous band breaking up and I really just wanted to get good recordings of the songs before I 4 how they were played, “he says.That mig

21、ht sound silly, but I did have 50odd songs and the 5 band had only learned about 20 of them-and I do have a terrible memory.”Upon 6 the album, James quickly organized a new band, 7 named the Young Novelists, and ironically set about learning the material all over again.That was a year ago, and he sa

22、ys that the group*s sound has been steadily 8 .Goodnight, Young Novelist is a bit of 9 for me, because it is sort of the reason the band 10 , “James says.We were formed so that those tracks could be played live, but the band has really been better than what was recorded.Its different and far, far be

23、tter.Pm grateful for the 11 of recording the album； it has been our calling card for a while now and we have had some major opportunities because of it, but I hope people get to 12 the band play.”Whether heard on record or 13 , it*s clear that James songs display both a deep fun and melodic skill.In

24、 the musical climate of 20 or 30 years ago, Goodnight, XoungNovelist would be considered the 14 of radio singles.However, today James and his band are 15 some difficulty in developing their career.1. A.ambitionB. effortC. belief D. confidence2. . A.says B . speaksC. tells D. talks3. A.prepared B. st

25、artedC. thought D. planned4. A.forgot B. understoodC. remembered D. realized5. A.future B. famousC previous D. present6. A.finishingB. beginningC. making D. selling7. A.exactly B. quicklyC. suitably D. specially8. A.moving B. progressingC. developingD. working9. A.expectation B. prideC. happiness D.

26、 curiosity10. A.succeeds B. failsC. builds D. exists11. A.life B. experienceC. see D. observe13. A.carefully B. deliberatelyC. franklyD. live14. A.name B. treasureC. fame D. symbol15. . A.facing B. solvingC . causingD. ClearingKeys：记叙文，主要讲述了多伦多音乐家格雷顿詹姆斯从一名作家转变为一名音乐家，并经 过自己的努力，使自己在音乐的道路上不断成功的故事。然而，现在

27、的格雷斯顿詹姆斯和他 的乐队正面临着一些挑战。1. Aambition“志向”，这正是上句格雷顿詹姆斯写歌比写书更有名的体现。2. Ctelk讲述”，与a story构成搭配，意为“讲述一个故事”。句意：格雷顿詹姆斯的最新唱 片晚安，年轻的小说家讲述了一个比一般专辑更广泛的故事。3. Bstarted“开始”，这与本句中我真的想得到好的歌曲录音相一致。句意：随着我以前乐队 的解体我开始录音过程的记录。prepared意为“准备”；thought意为“思考”；planned意为“计 划”。这三项都是未开始的动作，而started是开始做了，更加符合语境所要表达的意思。4. Aforgot“忘记”

28、。句意：在我忘记他们是如何表演的之前，我真的只是想获得好的歌曲录音。 understood意为理解；remembered意为“记住”;realized意为“意识到。5. C分析句子结构及时态，previous以前的”符合所要表达的意思。句意：我写了 50多首 歌，但以前的乐队仅仅了解其中的大约20首。6. Aflnishing“完成”。句意：一完成专辑，詹姆斯立即组织一个新的乐队。finishing体现了詹 姆斯在完成专辑后，找乐队进行创作的那种激情和效率。7. C根据语境，乐队的名字应该符合专辑的特点。suitably“合适地%体现了詹姆斯根据专 辑的特点而对乐队进行命名的意思。8. Bpr

29、ogressing“进步”。句意：他在一年前说，整个乐队的声音质量正在稳步上升。moving 意为“移动；working意为“工作”。这两项不符合句意。developing意为“发展”，尽管符合句 子结构，但对于乐队声音质量的提高上表述不如progressing恰当。9. Dcuriosity“奇特”。句意：对我而言，晚安，年轻的小说家有一点奇特，因为这点奇特 是这个乐队存在的原因。expectation意为期望；pride意为“自豪；happiness意为“幸福”。 这三项均符合句子结构和句意，但语境所体现的这个专辑的成功和我对这个专辑的期望表达 的不如curiosity更加贴切和恰当。10

30、. Dexists“存在”。句意：因为这是乐队存在的原因。succeeds意为“成功”；fails意为“失败”。 这两项本句都未提及。builds意为“建立”，与语境中所表达的已经建立乐队的意思不符。11. Bexperience“经历”。句意：我非常感谢录制专辑的经历。life意为“生活”；work意为“工 作；process意为“过程”。这三项都符合句子结构和句意，但后面的句子提供的语境，让我们 知道experience体现出了录制经历对于我们以后发展的重大意义，而非是生活、工作或过程 所能体现出来的。12. Csee“观看”。句意：我希望人们能去看乐队的表演。13. Dlive，现场直播

31、”，与本句中听唱片相对应。句意：无论是听唱片，还是看现场表演Btreasure“宝库”，这与however“然而”所要表述的意思形成明显的对比。句意：在二三 十年前的音乐大环境中，晚安，年轻的小说家被认为是收音机单曲的珍宝。name意为“名 字；fame意为“名望”。这两项与句意不符。symbol意为“符号”，尽管符合句子结构，但不 如treasure更能体现出晚安，年轻的小说家在当时的出名程度来。14. Afadng“面对”。句意：然而，现在，詹姆斯和他的乐队正面临着他们事业发展中的一些困难。solving意为“解决；clearing意为“清理”。这两项符合句子结构，但与文章中however

32、 转折所表示的意思相反。causing意为“造成，这与语境及生活常识不符。不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“not/never to do”,不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不 定式短语,没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。不定式可以作主语、宾语、状语、表 语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。不定式的逻辑主语有时用“for+名词或代词宾格”构成。二、结构 ：肯定式： to do 否定式：not/never to do时态与语态形式主动被动一般式to doto be done完成式to have doneto have been done进行式to be doing无完成进行式to have

33、 been doing无例如：(1) They pretended not to see us.(一般式表示与谓语的动作同时/几乎/发生在它之后.)(2) He pretended to be sleeping.(在谓语动词发生的同时，不定式的动作也正在进行)(3) She pretended to have known it before.(完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前)(4) We,re happy to have been working with you.(完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前，不定式的 动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续)动词不定式的作用(1) .主语To see is

34、to believe.Its important to learn English well.单个不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数若不定式太长，往往用it作形式主语,不定式置后.It is adj. (for sb) to do sth.It is + a pleasure/an honor/a pity to do.It takes sb +time to do.(2) .表语My job is to help the patient.Your task is to clean the classroom.宾语I want to go home.The workers demanded to

35、get better pay.I found it necessary to talk to him again.常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有：want, demand, hope, wish, expect, like, hate, start, begin, fail, help, offer, try, manage, pretend, forget, remember, promise, prepare, learn, agree, plan, determine, prefer, intend 等。(4) .宾补The teacher told me to clean the bla

36、ckboard.I expect you to give me some help.不定式作宾语时要省“to”的几种情况：五看 watch see look at observe notice三使 let make have二听 listen to hear一感觉feel注：被动语态不省t。e.g. I made him do his work.He was made to do his work (by me).不定式用在介词but, except, besides后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词do的各种形式,那么介 词后的不定式不带to,相反则带to.1) . She could do n

37、othing but cry.2) . I have no choice but to go.3) .What do you like to do besides sleep.(5) .定语I have something to say.He has a lot of homework to do.He is looking for a room to live in.There is nothing to worry about.(如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词，则不定式中要有介词.)Please give me a pen to write with.不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面，

38、而且放在其他后置定语之后。1 .不定式做定语与所修饰的词之间有三种关系：(1)动宾关系I have a lot of work to do.我有很多工作要做。(2)主谓关系He is always the first to 已他总是第一个来。(3)同位关系We all have a chance to go to college.我们都有上大学的机会。2 .作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点 工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。e.g. He is looking for a room to live in.他在找一个房间住。3 .不定式所修饰的名词如

39、果是time, place或way,不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去。e.g. He had no money and no place to live.他没钱没地方住。4 . something, anything, nothing, everything等复合不定代词常用不定式做后置定语。e.g. Do you have anything to send?你有什么东西要寄吗(6)作状语.表示目的。To be admitted to a key university, I study hard all the time.He insists on taking exercise every da

40、y to improve his health.注意：to do不定式表目的时，可以与in order to和so as to替换，但是so as to不能 位于句首。In order to /To catch the early bus, I got up early.1 .表示原因不定式可以用在作表语的形容词后作状语，sorry, surprised, happy, glad, eager, angry, foolish, right, wrong, slow, quick, rude, cruel, disappointed 等。eg: Fm glad/pleased to see yo

41、u.We were surprised to hear the news.2 .表示结果：/ so + adj. / adv. + as to do.such + adj. + n. +as to do.Yadj. / adv.+ enough + to dotoo + adv. / adj. +to doHe was so foolish as to believe it.=He was such a fool as to believe it.Y = He was foolish enough to believe it.Im too tired to walk any further t

42、onight.We hurried to the station only to find the train had left.(7)独立结构To tell the truth, I dont agree with you.类似结构：to be frank, to be honest,不定式与疑问词不定式与疑问词who,which, when, how, what等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、 宾语等。He didnt know what to say.他不知道说什么。(宾语)How to solve the problem is very important.如何解决这个问题

43、很重要。(主语)My question is when to start.我的问题是什么时候开始。俵语)注意：在与why连用时，只用于why或why not开头的简短疑问句中，后面紧跟的动词不定 式不带tOo如：Why not have a rest?其他固定句型had better/had best + (not) do sth.Why (not) do sth.?.prefer to do/prefer doing.prefer + n./doing A +to + n./doing B.prefer + to do A rather than (to) do B.would rather

44、 (not) do sth.would rather do A than (do) B.would rather +句子(过去式)(虚拟语气)要做不定式的省略(1) .不定式中的动词上文已出现过,下文要省略该动词.e.g.: Would you like to go with me ? Id like to .(2) .不定式是to be结构，be不可省.e.g.: Would you like to be a teacher? Id like to be.(二)不定式和分词作状语的区别(1)现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别。现在分词做状语 与过去分词做状语的最主要区别在于两者与所修饰的主语的主

45、动与被动关系的区别。1)现在 分词作状语时,现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作,它们之间的关系是主动关系。He went out shutting the door behind him.他出去后将门随手关上。Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.由于不知如何办是好，他去找父母帮忙。2）过去分词作状语时,过去分词表示的动作是 句子主语承受的动作,它们之间的关系是被动关系。Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.如果对这些树多关心一些，它们本来会 长得更

46、好。Faced with difficulties, we must try to overe them.在遇到困难的时候，我们必须设法克服。（2）动词不定式和分词作状语的区别1）分词作状语一般表示伴随,而不定式常常表示目 的。They stood by the roadside talking about the plan.他们站在路边谈论着这个计划。（伴随）They stood by the roadside to talk about the plan.他们站在路边为的是谈论这个计划。（目的）2） 分词作状语放在句子开头,除表示原因之外有时表示时间或条件。动词不定式作状语时,除 了表示目

47、的以外,还表示结果或原因。Reading attentively, he forgot the time for lunch.由于在专心读书，他忘了吃午饭的时间。（原因）Reading carefully, he found something he had not known before.他仔细读书时，发现了一些从前不知道的东西。（时间）Reading carefully, youll learn something new.只要你仔细阅读，你会学到一些新的东西。（条件）His family was too poor to support him.他的家庭太穷，不能维持他的生活。（结果）The boy is not tall enough to reach the book shelf.这男孩个子不够高，手伸不到书架。（结果）We are glad to hear the news.我们很高兴听到这消息。（原因）【查漏补缺】单项选择一、单项选择。1 .Can you ride a horse? No, I never had the chance.A. for learning it B. for learning how C. how to learn it D. to learn how 2. Paul said, Give me a chairA. to si