2022-2023学年山东省高三上学期期中预测卷英语试题含答案.docx

《2022-2023学年山东省高三上学期期中预测卷英语试题含答案.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022-2023学年山东省高三上学期期中预测卷英语试题含答案.docx（17页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、绝密启用前山东省2022-2023学年高三上学期期中预测卷英语注意事项：L答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用 橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无 效。2 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIcehouse and ice ticketAs early as Pre-Qin

2、 Dynasty, people used natural ice to keep food fresh and make cold drinks. The Zhou royal court had a specialized department called “ice administration”. They collected natural ice blocks each December to store in the icehouse. During the Qing Dynasty, “icc tickets” were used and they were available

3、 only to officials and the rich.Ice containerThe most commonly used cooling tool is called Jian”, which is a big container filled with ice. It was made of clay in early Chinese history, and was later made of copper （铜）.The “Jian” can be seen as an ancient refrigerator, which can be used to make cold

4、 drinks.Hiding food in the wellDuring the Qin and Han dynasties, for common people, the most common way to cool off is by using their wells. Some families put a pot in the well as a cold closet, or put food in a basket and lowered the basket into the well with a rope.第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写

5、两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。I knew this dreaded day would come sooner or later. It came too fast and there I was, in the waiting room of the dental clinic, miserable with butterflies in my stomach.My parents （old me to sit up, slop wringing（拧）my hands, and take deep breaths to keep calm. It worked. I was calm fo

6、r maybe two seconds when I heard my name being called. I pretended to be deaf but my mother touched me to get up. I forced myself to step forward and immediately stumbled（绊）over a toy and the boy who was playing with it. My clumsiness got me the attention of eveiyone in the room. Being stared at by

7、so many pairs of eyes was too much and I hurried to the consultation room as fast as 1 could, leaving the boy crying for his broken toy.1 had refused my parents5 offer to accompany me. I meant to show them that I was brave enough to face the treatment on my own. I regretted it right now. Thankfully,

8、 I forgot my anxiety as I looked around the dentists room. Tools of different sizes were arranged neatly in a plate on the tiny table which was connected to a chair with buttons and a light hanging right over it. I avoided looking at my dentist in the eye as I took my seat on the chair shakily.1 tri

9、ed （o calm myself down, imaging how brave I would be. After a while, I was taken by great surprise when all of a sudden （he chair moved and I was lying down facing the bright yellow light. When I caught sight of the denial drill on the plate, panic related to a bad childhood experience involving the

10、 drill kicked into me.注意：1 .续写词数应为150左右；.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。I cried out and almost jumped out of the seat.My parents were waiting al the door anxiously when I ran out excitedly.【答案】l.B 2. A 3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了古代人在炎炎夏日的避暑方略。【1题详解】细节理解题。从文章第二段 “The Jiancan be seen as an ancient refrigerator, wh

11、ich can be used to make cold drinks.（Jian 可以被视为一种古老的冰箱，可以用来制作冷饮。）”可知，“Jian”与现在的冰箱用途一样。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。从文章第一段 “ During the Qing Dynasty,4ice tickets, were used and they were available only to ofTicials and 由e rich.（在清朝，“冰票”被使用，并且只对官员和富人开放。）”可知，在古代普通人无法得到冰票。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。由小标题 MIcehouse and ice tic

12、ket（冰屋和冰票），Ice container（放冰容器）” ,uHiding food in the well（把食物藏在井里）”，和文章最后一段“During the Qing Dynasty, taking Chinese herbal medicine was popular in Beijing. In hot summer, some people preferred to drink ice water, some boiled perilla leaves, and liquorice as summer soup to keep off the heat. Ancient

13、people also loved to make lotus seed soup in summer for the benefit of strengthening the body.（在 清朝，服用中草药在北京很流行。在炎热的夏天，一些人喜欢喝冰水，一些煮熟的紫苏叶和甘草作为夏天的汤来保 暖。古人也喜欢在夏天做莲子汤，以强身健体以及结合上面内容可知，本文主要讲述了古人是如何避暑的，A、B和D选项只是其中i种或两种方略的目的，不能以偏概全。故选C项。【答案】4.C5. A 6. B 7. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。挪威慈善团体SOS儿童村发起冬日行动，为筹集更多捐赠给叙利亚儿童送

14、冬日的生活 必需品。【4题详解】 细节理解题。由倒数第二段Johannes predicament was a hidden camera experiment by Nonvegian charity SOS Childrens Village as part of their winter campaign （o gather donations to send much-needed coats and blankets to help Syrian children get through the winter.M （约翰娜的predicament是挪威慈善机构SOS儿童.村做的一个隐

15、藏摄像机实验，这是他们冬 季活动的一部分，目的是募集捐款，用于送去急需的大衣和毯子，帮助叙利亚儿童度过冬天。）及最后一段中“She also noted that the child was a volunteer who was never in any danger during the filming M （她还指出，这个孩子是一名 志愿者，在拍摄期间从未遇到任何危险。）可知，Johanne之所以在冬日寒风中瑟瑟发抖是在做个实验，实验的目 的是要帮助叙利亚儿童过冬，故选C。【5题详解】 词句猜测题。结合第二段A heartbreaking scene, but the actions o

16、f the ordinary people who witnessed the difficult situation of 11 -year-old Johan ne Linnestad Flaaten were both joyous and inspiring.M （这是一个令人心碎的场景，但是普通人目 睹了 11岁的Johanne Linnestad Flaaten的艰难处境，他们的行为既令人高兴乂鼓舞人心。）可知，普通人目睹了 11 岁的Johanne Linnestad Flaaten的艰难处境，可推知，11岁的Johanne Linnestad Flaaten在实验中的处境是及其

17、艰 难的，即划线词此处为“艰难的处境”，故选A。【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段People should care as much about children in Syria as they care about this boy, （人们应 该像关心这个男孩一样关心叙利亚的孩子）可知，Synne Running的意思是人们应该给与叙利亚儿童和这个孩子一 样多的关爱。故选B。【7题详解】 主旨大意题。文章讲述的是一个实验，寒冬里一个小男孩没有穿外套，他在寒冷中瑟瑟发抖，实验者用摄像机记录 人们看到小男孩窘境的反应，然后由此希望人们能像对待这个小男孩一样去帮助叙利亚饱受饥寒的儿童，所

18、以文章 的标题可以为“当你碰到个没有穿外套的男孩时。”故选D。【答案】8.D9. A10. CII.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了迁徙鸟类数量下降的原因与人类活动有关，研究指出了迁徙鸟类受到的种 种威胁，目的是提醒人们如何保护迁徙鸟类。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段Migratory （迁徙的）birds are declining globally because of the way that humans have changed thelandscapeoverrecentdecades（由于近几十年来人类改变了地貌，候鸟数量在全球范围内正在减少）” J知，人类活

19、动使得地貌在过去几十年里发生改变，导致迁徙鸟类数量减少。故选D。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的roads, buildings, power lines, wind turbines （涡轮机）（道路，建筑物，输电线,风力 涡轮机）”可推知,划线单词infrastructure指一些基础设施及服务,与A项“基本系统和服务”意思一样。故选A。【1（）题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段 “The research team identified 16 human-induced threats to migratory birds, including infrastructure asso

20、ciated with bird disturbance and impacts, transformation of land from natural habitat to human land use, and climate change. Advances in satellite imagery allowed the team to map each of the 16 threats across Europe, Africa and Western Asia. The team also created the first ever large-scale map of hu

21、nting pressure across the region. A total of 103 species of migrating birds were studied, including many rapidly declining species like the turtle dove and the common cuckoo, using large-scale datasets. The team calculated threat scores fbr factors such as habitat loss and climate change, across bre

22、eding locations, as well as non-breeding ranges. They then explored the relationships between these threat scores and bird population trends calculated from 1985 to 2018 by the Pan-European Common Bird Monitoring Scheme （PECBMS）.（研究小组确定了 16种人为因素对候鸟造成的威胁，包括与鸟类干扰和影响有关的基础设施、土地从自然栖息地转变为人类土地使用 以及气候变化。在卫星

23、地图方面的进步使得研究小组能够绘制出欧洲、非洲和西亚的16种威胁。研究小组还绘制 了该地区有史以来第一张大比例尺的狩猎压力地图。利用大规模数据集对103种迁徙鸟类进行了研究，其中包括许 多迅速衰退的物种，如斑鸠和杜鹃。研究小组计算了各种因素的威胁分数，如栖息地丧失和气候变化，不同的繁殖 地点，以及非繁殖范围。然后，他们通过泛欧共同鸟类监测计划计算了 1985年至2018年间的鸟类数量趋势，探讨 了这些威胁评分与鸟类数量趋势之间的关系）”可推知，第四段谈论的是该项研究的过程。故选C。11题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中“Locating where birds are most exposed

24、to these threats could help us target conservation aclions.（找到鸟类最容易受到这些威胁的地方可以帮助我们锁定保护行动的目标）”可推知，这项研究可以格助研究 者们精准地采取措施，保护迁徙7类。故选B。【答案】12. B 13.C14. B 15. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。加利福尼亚的新动物福利保护法规定生产商对于商用养殖动物给予更多的人文关怀一 提供充足的生存空间。此举激起来各大生产商的激烈反应，除一些支持派外，其他公司一直在对新法做抗争。【12题详解】细节理解题。由第二段The law began going into e

25、ffect last year, requiring hens and veal calves to be given more space to live in.（这项法律去年开始生效,要求给母鸡和小牛肉更多的居住空间。） 4the law will require that all eggs sold in California come from cage-free hens and that pork sold in the state come from breeding pigs that are not held in cramped cages.（在美国，这项法律将要求加州所有

26、出售的鸡蛋都来自散养母鸡，而出售的猪肉则来自未被关在笼子 里的种猪。）”可知，新动物福利法要求圈养母鸡和肉用小猪需给予更多的空间，不能让它们活动受限。故选B。【13题详解】词义猜;则题。 由第三段“but others have spent （he last few years fighting the law rather than figuring out how to put it into practice.（但有些人在过去几年里一直在与法律抗争，而不是思考如何将其付诸实践。）”可知，其他生产商过去几年 都在抗议新动物福利法，but 表示转折，说明 “Some big companie

27、s like Hormel Foods have pledged to do so fully, 一 些大公司是愿意去按新法的规定去做的，所以pledged的意思是承诺。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。由第三段“Pork producers have had the longest time to comply.（猪肉生产商遵守规定的时间最长。）”可 知，猪肉生产商需要很长的时间去遵守这个新的动物福利，结合Some big companies like Hormcl Foods have pledged to do so fully, but others have spent the la

28、st few years fighting the law rather than figuring out how to put it into practice. （象 荷美尔食品这样的一曲大公司已经承诺要全面实施这项法律，但其他公司在过去几年里一直在与这项法律作斗争， 而不是研究如何将其付诸实践。）”可知大的生产商承诺去做，其他生产商过去几年都在抗议新法。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。由第二段 MThese are humane steps designed to lift these animals out of structures that barely allow thein

29、 to move.（这些人性化的步骤是为了把这些动物从几乎不允许它们移动的结构中抬出来。）”，第三段“So far, ihai fight has been a waste of time that pork producers could have better spent figuring out how to reconfigure their farms.（至lj 目前为 止，这场斗争一直是在浪费时间，猪肉生产商本可以把这些时间花在如何改造他们的农场上。）”以及最后一段“Its a price the animals shouldnt have to pay.（这是动物们不应该付出的代

30、价。）”可知，作者认为新法规定商业养殖动物需 给予更多的活动空间是非常人性化的关怀与做法，进而带来的猪肉价格成本上涨也是人类应付出的代价。猪肉生产 商对新法的抵制亳无意义浪费时间。所以作者对新法非常支持。故选D。【答案】16. G 17. C 18. F 19. A 20. E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述如何在火车、公共汽车或地铁上开始一段对话【16题详解】根据：文 Starting a connection can be fun as （he costs are fairly low and you can easily start and stop a conversation,

31、 or get off if things become awkward. （JFJ6 -段关系是很有趣的,因为成本相当低,你可以很容易地开始和结束段对 话，或者如果事情变得尴尬就离开）”结合下文关于如何开始一段对话的建议可知，空处内容应开启卜.文，指出开始 和别人对话是有方可循的，G 项“Therefore, try to get someones attention and start a conversation by following the tips.（因 此，试着引起别人的注意，按照下面的建议开始对话）”符合文意。故选G项。【17题详解】根据前文“Glance at the pe

32、rsons and try to hold your gaze for just a second or two.（看一眼对方，试着保持你的目光停留 一两秒钟）”以及后文“If they meet your gaze, ifs likely positive.（如果他们与你目光相遇,那很可能是积极的）”可 知，空处应是注意对方的回应，C项“关注他们对你的目光作何反应”符合题意。故选C项。【18题详解】根据后文 “If they smile back, youre likely in luck in getting them to talk to you.（如果他们也对你微笑，你很可能会幸 运地

33、让他们和你说话）”中的smile back可知，空处应该是你对他人微笑，F项“一个小而真诚的微笑会让你显得感 兴趣、友好、平易近人”符合题意，smile为原词复现。故选F项。【19题详解】空处为本段主旨句。根据后文 “ Do this by keeping your arms uncrossed. Stand or sit up straight and show good posture. Dont cross your body or turn away from the persons, as these gestures can make you appear closed off o

34、r disinterested.（ffi 持双臂不交叉。站或坐直，表现良好的姿势。不要越过你的身体或转身离开对方，因为这些动作会让你看起来封闭 或不感兴趣）”可知，本段主要讲与人交流时要用开放的身体姿势，所以A项“使用开放的肢体语言”符合。故选 A项。【20题详解】根据前文“Approach the persons to start talking to them.（接近这些人，开始和他们交谈）”以及后文“If youre faraway, move closer.（如果你离得很远，那就靠近点）”可知，如何这些人喜欢聊天的话，就可以和他们走得更近点。E项“一 旦你得知对方对聊天感兴趣，就采取行

35、动”符合题意。故选E项。【答案】21. D 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. A 26. A 27. D 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. C32. B 33. A 34. B 35. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为一个青少年攀登珠穆朗玛峰的艰难经历。（21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:然后我将目光投向珠穆朗玛峰。A.rule规则；B.pace速度;C.base基础;D.sight视野。 由上文的 “ I became the youngest person in the world to climb Broad Peak in 20上.”可知,在

36、成功攀登 了布洛阿特峰之 后，作者就把自己的视线（sight）放在了珠穆朗玛峰上，即将攀登珠穆朗玛峰作为下一个目标。故选D项。【22题详解】考查形容词和动词词义辨析。句意：即使是经验丰富的登山者也面临着极端海拔、雪崩和冰冻温度等障碍。A. honored 尊敬；B. addicted 入迷的；C. appreciated 感激;D. experienced 有经验的。由下文的 “barriers like extreme altitude, avalanches （雪崩）,and freezing temperatures”可知，即使是很有经验的（experienced）登山者，也会在攀登珠穆

37、朗玛 峰时面对许多困难（如极端海拔、雪崩和冰冻温度等）。故选D项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不过，我还是下定了决心。A. frightened害怕的；B. concerned担心的；C. determined 坚决的；下定决心的；D. embarrassed 尴尬的。由下文的On May 11, 2021,1 became the fourth teenager in the world to climb Mount Qomolangma.可知，作者成功登上珠穆朗玛峰，可得出虽然有这些预料中的困难（如极端海拔、雪 崩和冰冻温度等），然而作者仍坚定不移（determined）,想要

38、登上珠穆朗玛峰。故选C项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这个月的第24天，我在尼泊尔登上珠穆朗玛峰，珠穆朗马峰是地球上最高的点，海 拔8848.86米。A. tallest最高的；B. widest最宽的;C. safest最安全的：D. largest最大的。由常识可知,珠穆朗玛峰 的海拔是8848.86米，是地球的最高（tallest）点。故选A项。考杳动词短语辨析。句意：我在大本营呆了近两个月，并在山上进行了较短的徒步旅行，以适应状态和低氧环境。A. adjust to 适应;B. figure out 弄清;C. glance at 朝看了一眼；D. look into 调

39、查。由上文的 “I spent close to twomonths at Base Camp and took shorter h汰es up the mountain ”可知，作者经常在大本营附近进行短距离徒步，这是为 了适应(adjust to)珠穆朗玛峰的环境。故选A项。【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:大本营海拔5364米，高得足以引发健康紧急情况。A. health健康;B. culture文化;C. climate气候；D.traffic交通。由上文语境可知，作者经常在大本营附近进行短距离徒步，这是为了适应珠穆朗玛峰 的环境(包括低氧环境)，说明大本营的高度足以引起健康(h

40、ealth)的紧急情况，呼应下文的the body,s cells begin to die”。故选A项。【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这条路线主要是一条漫长、缓慢、技术上具有挑战性、缺氧的旅程。A. reasonable合 理的；B. worthwhile有价值的：C. common普通的；D. challenging挑战性的。由上文的“a long, slow”和下文的 aoxygen-starved journey M可知,登山路线漫长缓慢,氧气稀薄，从登山技术上来说很具有挑战性(challenging)o故选D项。【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：开始我很紧张，但当我

41、在不断移动的巨大冰块周围移动时，我并没有匆忙行事。A. slightly 轻微地；B. certainly 当然；C. properly 合适地;D. constantly 不断地。由上文的 “I didnt rush”和下文的shifting, huge ice blocks”可知，巨大冰块在移动，可得出作者在那些不断(constantly)发生位置变换的巨大冰块中艰难前行。 故选D项。【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我目睹了其他登山者受苦受难，听到一些人在呼救。A.gathering聚集；B.suffering受苦；C. celebrating 庆祝；D. quarrelling

42、吵架。由下文的 “ heard some screaming for help at the top of their lung可知，其他 登山者在呼救,说明他们遭受了痛苦(suffering)。故选B项。【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时，我突然停了下来。A. business商业;B. dream梦想;C. tracks路线；D. camps露 营。由下文的“I gasped for air”可知，有时候，作者不得不在自己攀登的路线(tracks)上骤然停下来，拼命喘气呼 吸。故选C项。考查动词词义辨析。句意:我喘着气,但我别无选择,只能继续攀登。A. fighting斗争；B.

43、driving开车;C.climbing 攀登；Dialling叫喊。由本处语境可知，除了继续攀登（climbing）,作者没有别的选择。故选C项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：死亡区的氧气非常有限，人体细胞开始死亡。A. valuable有价值的；B. limited有限的； C. shallow肤浅的;D. equipped装备齐全的。由下文的“Hikers have to 13 oxygen tanks.”可知,攀登者需 要使用氧气瓶，说明这里的氧气极其有限（limited）.故选B项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：徒步旅行者必须使用氧气罐。A. use使用；B. ma

44、ke制作：C. borrow借入；D. order订购。 由上文语境和上文的“thebodysceHsbegintodie”可知，珠穆朗玛峰死亡区的氧气非常有限，会导致人体细胞开始 死亡，所以许多登山者不得不开始使用（use）氧气瓶。故选A项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:大多数攀登珠穆朗玛峰的人会死在死亡区。A.end结束;B.occur发生;C.result（随） 产生；D. originate起源。由上文语境“珠穆朗玛峰死亡区的氧气非常有限，会导致人体细胞开始死亡”和上文的 u Most deaths from climbing Qomolangma M可知，攀登珠穆朗玛峰的许多

45、死亡事件都是在这个区域发生（occur）的。故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感觉我能触摸到天空。A. ignore忽视;B. expand扩大;C. touch触摸；D.painl用颜料 画。由上文的“IwasoniopoftheworkUilerally!”可知，从真正的意义上讲，作者成功地站在了世界之巅，仿佛可 以触摸（louch）到天空。故选C项。【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在Adirondack Mountains划船的经历。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：上周，我乘坐了一条小船，沿着纽约阿迪朗达克山脉中间的一条小河划了数英里，以逃离 城市

46、里令人发狂的噪音。分析该句成分可知，此处用所给动词的不定式作目的状语。故填I。escape。【37题详解】考查介词。句意：眼前一个人影也没有。in/withinsight意为“在视野范围内”，为固定短语。故填in/within。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我划船穿过小池塘，池塘的岸边长满了草和红色的浆果。分析该句成分可知，所填词在此 处作后置定语，修饰ponds。而目surround与ponds之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词surrounded。【39题详解】考查代词。句意：当我划不动船的时候，我就把它系在腰上，拉在身后，裤子卷到膝盖上。分析该句成分可知，所 填词在此处作介词f

47、or的宾语，所以用所给代词的宾格形式。故填me。【40题详解】考查名词的数。句意：当我划不动船的时候，我就把它系在腰上，拉在身后，裤子卷到膝盖上。根据常识可知，作 者会把两条裤腿都卷起来，所以此处用所给名词的复数。故填knees。41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在我到达一段急流后不久，我被迫把我的小船扛在肩上。分析该句成分可知，该句是一个限 定性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，且先行词为rapids,所以用关系代词that/which引导。故填ihat/which。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在阴暗的森林里，我沿着一条小路走着，看到各种各样的植物开始变红了。分析该句结构 可知，所填词与逻辑主

48、语I存在逻辑上的主调关系，故用所给动词的现在分词形式，作状语。故填Walking。【43题详解】考查形容词。句意：在阴暗的森林里，我沿着一条小路走着，看到各种各样的植物开始变红了。根据空后的名词可 知，此处需用所给名词的形容词形式。故填various。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：当我到达小河的尽头时，我非常累，但我感到非常高兴和彻底的放松。on/upon+名词，表示“一 就”。故填 arrival。【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：当我到达小河的尽头时.，我非常累，但我感到非常高兴和彻底的放松。根据句意可知，该空用连Herbal drinksDuring the Qing Dynasty, t

49、aking Chinese herbal medicine was popular in Beijing. In hot summer, some people preferred to drink ice water, some boiled perilla leaves, and liquorice as summer soup to keep off the heat. Ancient people also loved to make lotus seed soup in summer for the benefit of strengthening the body.1. What docs “Jian” have the same function as?A. Container.B. Refrigerator.C.