英语不定式结构课件.ppt

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1、 不定式结构不定式结构学习目标学习目标1.掌握不定式的基本形式；掌握不定式的基本形式；2.掌握不定式的时态与语态；掌握不定式的时态与语态；3.了解不定式的用法与功能：不定式可了解不定式的用法与功能：不定式可作主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语、状作主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语、状语、独立结构。语、独立结构。4.了解不定式时态语态的考点；了解不定式时态语态的考点；5.了解小品词了解小品词to；6.掌握不定式的常考句式。掌握不定式的常考句式。学法指导学法指导1.观察思考例句，然后归纳总结；观察思考例句，然后归纳总结；2.两人小组讨论不定式的基本形式及时两人小组讨论不定式的基本形式及时态语态的表格；态语态

2、的表格；3.真题回放强化训练；真题回放强化训练；4.高考链接，升华考点。高考链接，升华考点。二二.时态与语态：时态与语态：主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态 一般式一般式进行式进行式完成式完成式完成进行式完成进行式 to do to be done to be doing to have done to have been done to have been doing-一一.基本形式基本形式：肯定式肯定式 to do 否定式否定式 not to do 三三.用法用法/功能功能To see is to believe.Its important to learn.(1).主语主语不定式作主语时不

3、定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后往往放在谓语之后,用用it作形式主语作形式主语.My job to help the patient.Your task to clean the classroom.isis(2).表语表语I want to go home.The workers demanded to get better pay.I found it necessary to talk to him again.(3)宾语宾语Think/consider/find it+adj to do 常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有：hope,refuse,learn,set outChoose,dec

4、ide,agree,manage,pretend,plan.1.The teacher told me to clean the blackboard.I expect you to give me some help.(4).宾补宾补2.四看四看 watch see observe notice三使三使 let make have 二听二听 listen to hear一感觉一感觉:feelwarn,tell,allow,help,ask,force等等I made him do his work.He was made to do his work(by me).3不定式用在介词不定式用在

5、介词but,except,besides后时后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词如果这些介词前有行为动词do的的各种形式各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带那么介词后的不定式不带to,相反则带相反则带to.(1).She could do nothing but cry(2).I have no choice but to go.(3).What do you like to do fbesides sleep.Exercises1.The boy did nothing but_ all day.A.play B.to play 2.I have no choice but _ A.give up B

6、.to give up 3.The missing boy was last seen _ near the river.A.to play B.playingI have something to say.He has a lot of homework to do.He is looking for a room to live in.There is nothing to worry about.(5).定语定语(如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,则不定式中要有介词则不定式中要有介词.)请给我一支写字的笔请给我一支写字的笔.Please give me a p

7、en to write with.I came here to see you.He got up early to catch the train.(6)状语状语:In order to,so as to,enough to,only to,too.to.,Exercises1.With a lot of difficult problems_,the newly elected president is having a hard time.A.settled B.settling C.to settle D.being settled 2.He hurried to the statio

8、n only _ that the train had left.A.to find B.finding C.found D.to have found 3.-Can the project be finished as planned?-Sure,_ it completed in time,well work two more hours a day.A.having got B.to get C.getting D.get 4._ more about university courses,call 746.A.To find out B.Finding out C.Find out D

9、.Having found out 5.All these gifts must be mailed immediately _ in time for Christmas.A.in order to have received B.in order to receive C.so as to be received D.so as to be receiving 6.It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _ a look at the sports stars.A.had B

10、.having C.to have D.have(7).独立结构独立结构 To be frank,to be honest,to tell the truthTo tell the truth,I dont agree with you.二二.时态与语态的考点时态与语态的考点主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态 一般式一般式 进行式进行式 完成式完成式 完成进行式完成进行式 to do to be done to be doing to have done to have been done to have been doing(1).They pretended not to see us.(2

11、).He pretended to be sleeping.(3).She pretended to have known it before.(一般式表示与谓语的动作同时一般式表示与谓语的动作同时/几乎几乎/发生在发生在它之后它之后.)(在谓语动词发生的同时在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作也正在进行不定式的动作也正在进行)(完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前)(4).Were happy to have been working with you.(完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前,不定式的不定式的动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续动

12、作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续)Exercises 1.When I arrived,it happened to _ A.be raining B.rain 2.When the teacher came in,he pretended to _ A.be reading B.read 3.I would love to _ the party last night,but I had to work extra hours.A.go to B.have gone to 4.You were silly not _ your car.A.to lock B.to have locked C.

13、locking D.having locking三、关于小品词三、关于小品词to (1).不定式中的动词上文已出现过不定式中的动词上文已出现过,下文要下文要 省略该动词，但是省略该动词，但是to 保留。保留。Eg:Would you like to go with me?Id like to.(2).不定式是不定式是to be 结构结构,be 不可省不可省.Eg:Would you like to be a teacher?Id like to be.（3）不定式是）不定式是to have done结构，结构，have 不可省略不可省略Eg：-You should study hard in

14、your Primary School.-Yes,I ought to have,but 四四.涉及不定式的常考句式涉及不定式的常考句式 1.Sb be said/believed /hoped to do 2.Sb appears/remains to do/adj等等Eg The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _ as the plane was making a landing.A.seat B.seating C.seated D.to be seating 1.Having a trip abroad is cer

15、tainly good for the old couple,but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it.A.to see B.to be seen C.seeing D.seen 2.The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _ whether he was going in the right direction.A.seeing B.having seen C.to have seen D.to see 3.Do let your mother know all the trut

16、h.She appears _ everything.A.to tell B.to be told C.to be telling D.to have been toldExercises五五.总结总结本节课主要讲述了不定式的具体用法及考点本节课主要讲述了不定式的具体用法及考点1.做主语做主语2.做表语做表语3.做宾语做宾语（1）一些）一些v 之后之后 （2）adj.之后之后 （3）个别介）个别介词之后词之后4.做宾语补足语（做宾语补足语（1）感官类动词）感官类动词（2）常考句式）常考句式 5.作状语作状语 （1）目的状语）目的状语 （2）结果状语）结果状语 6.定语定语 7.不定式复合结构不

17、定式复合结构8.不定式的省略不定式的省略其中其中,做状语和补足语是近年高考热点，请同学们按备考清单做状语和补足语是近年高考热点，请同学们按备考清单检查自己。检查自己。六、Exercises(to 在03年08年高考试题中的体现)1.My teacher was made _ his teachingbecause of poor health.A.giving up B.to give up C.give up D.given up2.The Arctic is considered _ the northern part of the Atlantic.A.having been B.to

18、have been C.to be D.being3.The Emperor ordered the wonderful cloth _ for him without delay.A.to have woven B.to be wovenC.to be weaving D.to weave4.I found the German language hard _.A.learned B.learning C.to be learned D.to learn7.The light in the office is still on.-Oh,I forgot _.A.turning it off

19、B.turn it offC.to turn it off D.having turned it off8.The missing boys were last seen _ near the river.A.playing B.to be playing C.play D.to play9._ in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.A.Losing B.Having lostC.Lost D.To lose10.-How do you deal with the disagreement between the compa

20、ny and the customers?-The key _ the problem is to meet the demand _ by the customers.A.to solving,making B.to solving,madeC.to solve,making D.to solve,made11.-What do you think of the school?-It is a very good _.A.school to study in B.school for children to studyC.studying school D.school to study12

21、.-Did you get a job?-No,I _,but its no use.A.expected B.tried to C.managed to D.planned13.We find it impossible for the work _ ahead of time.A.to finish B.finishing C.being finished D.to be finished14.-I usually go to Shanghai by train.-Why not _ there by boat for a change?A.to try to go B.try going

22、 C.to try going D.try to go 15._ a living,she had to work from morning till night.A.To make B.MadeC.Making D.To have made16.I would rather starve to death than _ for food.A.beg B.begging C.begged D.to beg17.The boy pretended _ when his mother entered.A.reading B.to read C.to be readingD.being read高考

23、链接高考链接1)10 江西江西32 There were many talented actors out there just waiting _.A.to discover B.to be discovered C.discovered D.being discovered 2)10重庆重庆34 Many buildings in the city need repairing,but the one _ first is the library.A.repaired B.being repaired C.repairing D.to be repaired BD3)10 NI 34 With Fathers Day around the corner,I have taken some money out of the bank _ presents for my dad.A.buy B.to buy C.buying D.to have bought 4)10.NI 27 Mrs.White showed her students some old maps _ from the library.A.to borrow B.to be borrowed C.borrowed D.borrowing BC