大学体验英语综合教程课堂辅导Book4Unit2-passageb-词汇充电.doc

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1、大学体验英语综合教程课堂辅导Book4Unit2-passageb-词汇充电1 potentialn. possibility of being developed or used潜在性；可能性:Every seed is a potential plant.每粒种子都可能长成植物。 energy of an electric charge expressed in volts； voltage电势;电位；电压：a current of high potential 高压线adj。 that can or may come into existence; possible可能存在或出现的；可能

2、的：a potential source of conflict可能引起冲突的根源 in existence and capable of being developed or used潜在的；有潜力的：a machine with several potential uses具有多种潜在功能的机器【联想】派生词 potentiality n. 潜力，潜在性 potentially ad。 潜力大地2 presentationn。 presenting or being presented 赠送；引见;提出；出席：They are preparing for the presentation

3、of a new musical. 他们正准备上演新的歌舞喜剧.thing presented所赠送、引见:We went to the premiere of their new presentation.我们去看了他们的新剧目的首场演出。 gift, esp。 one given at a formal ceremony 赠品；礼物；授予之物：We want to make her a presentation to celebrate her jubilee。 我们想送她一件礼物以庆贺她的纪念日。【联想】present v. 赠予 n. 礼物 presentable adj. 像样的；体

4、面的 presentiment n。 预感;凶兆 presentlyad. 不久；立刻【短语】give a presentation of/on 对作陈述3 recommendationn。 action of recommending 推许;推荐;赞许；建议；劝告：I bought it on your recommendation, i.e. because you recommended it。 我是经你推荐买的。 statement,letter，etc。 that recommends sb./sth. 推荐;推荐信，求职介绍信：Ask friends or colleagues f

5、or a personal recommendation。 请朋友或同事作个人推荐. quality, etc. that makes sb./sth。 seem attractive 使某人/某物显得有可取之处的特质： The cheapness of coach travel is its only recommendation。 乘长途汽车惟一可取之处就是旅途便宜。【联想】recommend v. 推荐；赞许 recommendable adj。 受推荐的4 tolerancen。 willingness or ability to tolerate sb。/sth。 容忍;忍受；宽容：

6、racial tolerance 种族宽容 religious tolerance宗教宽容 amount by which the size， weight etc。 of a part can vary without causing problems 容许偏差；公差；容限【联想】tolerant adj。 容忍的；忍受的；宽容的 toleration n. 容忍；忍受；宽容 tolerate v. 容忍 tolerableadj. 可容忍的；可忍受的【考题】He has little _ of those who oppose the war。A. preference B. tolera

7、nce C. inclination D. liking【详解】答案B。have tolerance of/ to sb。/sth. 容忍，宽恕;preference 后接for sb./ sth.； inclination 后接to/ towards sb./ sth。; liking 后接for sb./ sth. 或to do sth.5 yieldv。 bear, produce or provide 生出、产生或提供：Building societies investment accounts yield high interest。 房屋建筑协会的投资利润获得很高的利息。 allo

8、w oneself to be overcome by pressure 屈服；让步：The government has not yielded to public opinion。 政府并未向舆论让步。 be replaced or superseded by sth。 被某事物代替或替代: The cinema has largely yielded to the home video. 电影业在很大程度上已让位给家庭录像。n. （amount of） that which is yielded or produced 生产或出产(的量)：What is the yield per ac

9、re？ 每英亩的产量是多少?【联想】yielding adj。 易弯曲的。【短语】yield to sb./sth。 屈服,让步 yield (up） sth。to sb. 放弃【考题】We are expecting another harvest this year； the trees _ a large crop of fruit。A。 produce B。 yield C. provide D. make【详解】答案B。句意:我们今年渴望又获丰收,树上结满了果实。6 as toregarding sth. 至于,关于：As to correcting our homework, th

10、e teacher always makes us do it ourselves. 谈到批改我们的作业，老师总是让我们自己改。【联想】同义短语:as regards sth. ; with regard to sth。其他单词与短语讲解7 acceptancen。 (act of） accepting or being accepted 接受；答应；同意；认可：Since we sent out the invitations weve received five acceptances and one refusal。 我们发出请帖以后，收到的回复是五位接受，一位拒绝。 favourabl

11、e reception； approval 赞成；赞同：The new laws gained widespread acceptance。 新法例广获赞同.【联想】accept v. 接受，劝告,道歉； acceptable adj. 值得接受的.8 affectionn. feeling of fondness; love 喜爱；爱：He felt great affection for his sister. 他很疼她的妹妹。 disease or diseased condition 疾病；病情：an affection of the throat 咽喉疾患【联想】affectiona

12、te adj. 示爱的;爱的 affectionately ad。 疼爱地9 assimilationn。 process of assimilating or being assimilated （ 被) 吸收或同化的过程 change in a speech sound when it becomes similar to another speech sound next to it 同化【联想】派生词 assimilate v. 经消化而吸收10 customaryadj。 according to custom； usual 合乎习俗的；依照习俗的；习惯上的:Is it custom

13、ary to tip waiters in your country?在贵国依照惯例是否应该付给服务员小费？【联想】派生词 customarily ad. 习惯地；custom n。 习俗;风俗 customize v。 定制；改造 customer n。 顾客；主顾 customs n。 关税；进口税11 disabusev。 free sb。 of (false ideas） 去掉某人的（ 错误想法);纠正；矫正：disabuse sb。 of mistaken notions, false assumptions，etc. 使某人去掉错误的观点、错误的设想等。【短语】disabuse s

14、b. of sth。 去掉某人的( 错误想法）12 distortv。 pull or twist (sth。) out of its usual shape 使（ 某事物） 变形；扭曲：a heap of distorted metal 一堆变了形的金属东西 make (sth.） look or sound unnatural 使（ 某事物) 失真：The announcement was so distorted that I couldnt understand what was said. 通告播出的声音严重失真，我听不懂说的是什么. give a false account of

15、(sth。）； misrepresent 外区（ 某事物）；曲解：The Government were accused of having systematically distorted the protesters case. 政府有计划地歪曲抗议者的观点而受到非难.【联想】派生词 distortion n。 歪曲;变形；扭曲 distracted adj. 精神不集中的【考题】I didnt say anything like that at all. You are purposely _ my ideas to prove your point.A. revising B。 con

16、tradicting C。 distorting D. distracting【详解】答案C。句意：只能用改变我的观点来证明你的观点是对的。本题的第一句十分关键，I didnt say anything like that at all.我并没有说过这样的话。第二句中有一个purposely，还有to prove your point.因此，只有C。 distort “曲解，歪曲“符合题意.A. revising “修订，修改,复习”；B。 contradicting“同矛盾；D. distract “走神,打扰，打乱”。13 embarrassv。 cause (sb.） to feel s

17、elfconscious， awkward or ashamed 使( 某人） 觉得不自然、忸怩:I was embarrassed by his comments about my clothes. 他评论我的衣服时我很尴尬. cause mental discomfort or anxiety to （sb。） 使( 某人） 不安或焦虑:embarrassed by lack of money 因缺钱而苦恼【联想】派生词 embarrassing adj。 令人困窘的事、问题、错误| embarrassment n. 焦急；忧患【考题】It is rather _ that we stil

18、l do not know how many species there are in the world today。A. misleading B. embarrassing C. boring D. demanding【详解】答案B.句意:我们还不知道目前世界上的动植物有多少种类，这是令人尴尬的事。misleading “使人误解的”;boring “令人厌倦的;demanding “要求很高的”。14 ethnicadj。 of a national， racial or tribal group that has a common cultural tradition 民族的；种族的

19、；部落的：ethnicminorities 少数民族 （typical） of a particular cultural group 某文化群体的：ethnic clothes， food 民族的服装、食物【联想】ethic n. 道德标准；行为准则 ethical adj. 道德的;道德上的问题。15 etiquetten. formal rules of correct and polite behavior in society or among members of a profession 礼节；礼仪： Etiquette was considered very important

20、 in Victorian England. 英国在维多利亚时代非常注重礼仪。16 fumblev. touch or handle (sth.） awkwardly or nervously摸索或处理： He fumbled the ball and then dropped it。 他笨手笨脚地漏接了球。n。 act of fumbling 摸索；笨拙的处理【短语】fumble at/ for/ with sth. 笨手笨脚地做某事| fumble about/ around 笨拙地四处乱走17 generalizationn。 （ statement based on） generali

21、zing 归纳；概括；推想（ 的说法)：a speech full of sweeping generalizations 高度概括的讲话【联想】generality n. 概述 generalize v。 归纳，概括出 generalized adj. 普遍的；全面的。18 henceadv。 from this time 从此时起:a week hence, i.e. in a week from now 从现在起一星期后 for this reason 因此：I fell off my bike yesterday, hence the bruised。 我昨天骑自行车摔倒了所以青一块、

22、紫一块的。 from here 从此处【联想】therefore ad. 因此，所以19 interpretern。 a person who puts something spoken in one language into the words of another language 口译人员【联想】派生词 interpret v. 届时;说明| interpretation n。 解释；说明；表现| interpretative adj. 解释的,说明的。20 myriadn。 extremely large number 无数;极大数量：Each galaxy contains myr

23、iads of stars。 每一星系都有无数的恒星。adj. uncountable many 无数的：a butterflys wing， with its myriad tiny scales 带有无数细小鳞片的蝴蝶翅膀。21 personalityn。 characteristics and qualities of a person seen as a whole 人格；个性：She has a very strong personality。 她个性很强. distinctive, esp。 socially attractive, qualities 特色： We need so

24、meone with lots of personalities to organize the party. 我们需要有个人见人爱的人来组织聚会。 famous person, esp。 in the world of entertainment or sport 名人： one of the best- known personalities in the world of tennis 网球界最著名的人物之一【联想】同根词 personable adj。 英俊的；有风度的| personal adj。 个人的 personalize v。 在事务上作物主标志 personify v. 人

25、格化、人化 personification n. 人格化；拟人化| personnel n。 人员;职员22 pleasantryn。 humorous remark; joke 幽默的话;笑话：The children smiles politely at the visitors pleasantries. 孩子听了客人说的幽默话，都斯文地笑了。 polite remarks 有礼貌的话;客气话:After an exchange of pleasantries， the leaders started their negotiations.领导人互相寒暄一番。【联想】pleasant a

26、dj. 使人愉快的;合意的；可喜的。23 representativen. a person who has been chosen to act in place of one or more others 代表： send a representative to the negotiations派代表参加谈判。adj. serving to show or portray a class or group 有代表性的；典型的： Is a questionnaire answered by 500 people truly representative of national opinion

27、？ 一份调查问卷有500 人作答，是否能真正代表全国人民的意见?【联想】represent v。 庙会；塑造;提交 representation n。 表现，表示【考题】I couldnt present myself, but I sent my _ to the meeting.A。 delegate B。 specimen C。 representative D. representation【详解】答案C。句意:我不能亲自出席会议，但我会派代表去的。delegate 指经过选举或任命而代表某个群体参加会议或组织的代表；specimen “样本、样品”， 指物不指人； represent

28、ation 做“代表”讲时,表示总称，不指某个具体的人。24 tutorn。 private teacher， esp。 one who teaches a single pupil or a very small group 私人教师；家庭教师： There is a tutor to teach the children while theyre in hospital. 在孩子们住院期间，有个私人教师给他们上课。 university teacher who supervises the studies of a student 助教,导师v。 act as a tutor； teach

29、 教( 某人)：tutor sb. for an examination 任私人教师辅导某人准备考试.work as a tutor 当私人教师;当导师：Her work was divided between tutoring and research。她兼做导师工作和研究工作25 act on take action in accordance with or as a result of sth. 奉行；根据某事物：Acting on information received, the police raided the club。 警方根据所获情报，突然搜查了那个俱乐部. have a

30、n effect on sth。 对某事物起作用:Alcohol acts on the brain。 酒精对大脑有影响。26 base onuse sth。 as grounds， evidence 以某事物为另一事物的根据,证据等：This novel is based on historical facts. 这部小说是以历史事实为根据的。【考题】Without facts, we cannot form a worthwhile opinion for we need to have factual knowledge _ our thinking。A。 which to based

31、on B。 which to base uponC. upon which to base D。 to which to be based【详解】答案C。句意:没有事实， 我们不能形成一个有真正价值的意见， 因为我们需要有确凿的信息作为我们思考的依据。动词base 的用法是：base A on/ upon B 把A 建立在B 的基础上。upon which to base our thinking 中的base 的主体是隐含的we。27 disabuse sb。 of sth。free sb。 of (false ideas) 去掉某人的( 错误想法)；纠正：disabuse sb。 of mistaken notions 使某人去掉错误的观点28 get down to。begin to do sth.； give serious attention to sth. 开始做某事；重视某事物： Its time I got down to some serious work。我该认真干点正事了。【联想】get by 获得认可;过得去 get out 泄露 get back 返回 get away 去度假 get through 用完；消耗掉