外研版高中英语必修三Module4.pdf

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1、单词1campaignn.战役；运动；政治竞选活动 vi.参加运动；从事活动【词语辨析】campaign，war，battle 和 action(1)campaign 指在某一地区所做的一连串有固定目的的军事行动或为达到某一特殊目的所做的一连串有计划的活动。(2)war指的是战争的全过程，具体包括 campaign 和battle。(3)battle 指战斗或会战。(4)action 指军事行动(战争中的小事件)。2strengthn.U力量；力气；体力；意志力；坚强；C，U优点；长处 strongadj.强壮的；牢固的；坚强的；强烈的，浓的 strengthenvt.加强，巩固 with a

2、ll ones strength用上全身的力气2strengthn.U力量；力气；体力；意志力；坚强；C，U优点；长处 strongadj.强壮的；牢固的；坚强的；强烈的，浓的 strengthenvt.加强，巩固 with all ones strength用上全身的力气3concernedadj.关心的；担心的；与有关的 concernn.关心；忧虑 v.与有关，涉及；使忧虑，使担心 be concerned about/for担心 all people concerned所有有关人员 be concerned in与有牵连 as far asis concerned就而言；依看来【经典句

3、式】It concerns me that让我担心。What concerns me is让我担心的是【活学活用】(1)_is our lack of preparationfor the change.让我担心的是，我们对事态的发展缺乏准备。(2)There is growing _violence ontelevision.人们对电视上的暴力内容日渐忧虑。4complainvt.&vi.抱怨；发牢骚 complaintn.抱怨；诉苦；投诉；控告 complain that抱怨 complain(to sb)about/of 抱怨；诉说 make a complaint抱怨；投诉1cut d

4、own削减(cut sth down/cut downon sth);砍倒；缩短 cut in插嘴；插入；把插进 cut off切掉；中断；切断的供应；隔绝 cut up切碎2give out分发；发布，公布(消息等)；发出(光、声音等)；用完，耗尽 give away泄露；赠送；颁发 give back归还；送回；反射 give in(to)认输；投降；屈服；交上；呈上 give off发出(光、声音等)；散发出(气味)give up放弃；停止；抛弃【活学活用】(1)He has _to my views.他已让步，接受了我的看法。3think about考虑到；关心；替着想 think o

5、f想到；记得 think ofas把看作/视作 think over仔细考虑；慎重思考 think up想出；发明 think back回想；追忆【活学活用】(1)All he ever _is money.他想的只是钱。4take 相关短语takein吸收；理解；欺骗；收留；改小（衣服等）takeon呈现；露出takeup占据；拿起；开始从事takedown 写下；记下【活学活用】Li,ourEnglishteacher,alwaysmakeshislessonssimpleenoughforthestudentsto_.A.takeoffB.takeupC.takeinD.takedown

6、2.Hehadnowheretolive,sowe_him_.A.took;upB.took;in.took;overD.took;away3.Dontbe_byproductspromisingtomakeyouloseweightquickly.A.takenoffB.takenoutC.takenawayD.takenin5 get 的常用结构：getdoing开始做-get+宾语+adj使-处于（某种状态）get+宾语+done 使-（完成）get+宾语+todo使/让-做-get+宾语+doing使-开始做-eg.Theysoongot_together.(talk)Youmustg

7、etthework_aheadoftime.(finish)Alexandertriedtogethiswork_inthemedicalcircles.(recognize)句型Sandstorms in China appear to have increased inrecent years as a result of“desertification”.因“荒漠化”越发严重，中国近年来发生沙尘暴的次数明显增加了。【要点解读】不定式的三种时态形式：to do 没有明显的时间意义或在谓语动作之后表将来的动作。to be doing 表示正在发生的动作或与谓语动词同时发生。to have d

8、one 表示动作发生在主句谓语动词之前。语法动词不定式动词不定式具有动词特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，组成动词不定式短语。动词不定式的肯定形式是todo；其 否 定 形 式 是 notto do。完 成 式：to+havedone；进行式：to+bedoing。具体用法：1、作主语Toseeistobelieve.但在英语中，常用 it 作形式主语，真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面如：Itswrongtoplaytricksonotherpeople.2、作宾语不定式作宾语有两种：一种是及物动词后直接跟带 to 的不定式，另一种是及物动词+疑问句+带 to的不定式。1）及物动词+带 to 的不定

9、式结构：只能跟动词不定式的动词，常见的有：want,wishafford,agree,aim,appear,ask,decide,demand,desire,determine,expect,happen,hope,intend,manage,offer,pretend,promise,prepare,refuse,seek,t,undertake 等。HemanagedtosolvethecomplicatedproblemThestrangerofferedtoshowmetheway.Mr.SmithundertooktobuildanewplantinSouthAfrica.2）动词+

10、疑问代（副）词+不定式：常见的动词有：advise,decide,discuss,findout,know,learn,regard,remember,see,teach,tell,understand,等。常用的疑问代（副）词有what,when,where,which,how,whether 等，但不包括 why。Hedoesnotknowwhentostart.Iwillshowyouhowtodealwithit.有时，不定式可由it 代替，而把不定式放到后面去。这可以用这一结构表达：动词（find,think,consider,feel 等）+it+形容词+不定式，it 是形式宾语，

11、真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。Sheconsidersitnecessarytomakefriendswiththem.Wefinditdifficulttofinishallthehomeworkbefore9oclock.3）love，like，begin，start，hate，prefer 等词后面可以接不定式，上述动词后面除接不定式外，还可以接动名词，意思无很大区别。Ilikeswimming，butIdontliketoswimnow.我喜欢游泳，但我现在不想游。4）stop，forget，remember，goon，try 等词或短语后面可以接不定式。上述动词后面接不定式和接动名词

12、意思大不相同。例句：Whentheteachercamein，thestudentsstoppedtalking；whenhecameout，thestudentsstoppedtotalk.当老师走进来时，学生们停止说话；当老师走出去时，学生们又开始说话。3、作表语一般情况为主语是不定式（表示条件），表词也是不定式（表示结果）：Toworkmeanstoearnaliving.另一种情况为主语aim,duty,hope,idea,job,plan,problem,purpose,thing,Hisaimistostudyabroadinthenearfuture.4、作宾语补足语1）tell

13、，ask，want，order，teach，invite，warn，wish，help，get，wish，help 等词后面常接不定式作宾补。如：Itellhimnottogotherebybus.Edisonsmothertaughthimtoreadandwrite.2）let，make，have，see，hear，feel，watch，notice 后面接不带 to 的不定式作宾补。如：Thebossmakesthemwork16hoursaday.Shewasheardtosinginthenextroom.(若变成被动语态，要加上to)3）不定式作定语Hegavemeanintere

14、stingbooktoread.如果动词不定式和前面所修饰的词构成动宾关系，若动词是不及物动词，后面就得加相应的介词.Haveyougotsomepenstowritewith5、不定式作状语作原因状语：Theyarequitesurprisedtoseethegreatchangestakingplaceinthearea.作目的状语：Sheraisedhervoicetobeheardbetter.作结果状语：Hegottothestationonlytobetoldthetrainhadgone.二、不定式的时态与语态主动式被动式一般现在时to doto be doneto have b

15、een现在完成时to have donedone现在进行时to be doing/完成进行时to have been/doing decided _this plant.我们决定试着去找这种植物。pretended_whenhermother came in.她妈妈进来的时候她假装正在看书。seemed _ his promise.他似乎已经忘了自己的承诺。seems _ you for two hours.杰克好像一直在等你，有一个小时了。is the fourth brother _ theSecond World War.詹姆士是被卷入二战的第四个兄弟。book is said _int

16、o English.据说这本书已经被译成英文。三、“疑问句+不定式”结构疑问词 who,what,which,when,where,how后加上不定式可构成一种特殊结构，同样一句话里，可以用从句和不定式两种结构来表达，意思没有区别。试比较：I dont knowhow I could get back to thevillage.I dont knowhow to get back to thevillage.四、不定式的固定句型s easy（hard,difficult,important,right,wrong,possible,necessary）to do找到你很容易。_takes s

17、b.some time to do 读这本书花了我三天时间。_3.have/has to do天晚了，我们不得不回家。_be +to do今天没什么重要的事要做。_ to do他搬起石头却砸了自己的脚。_has no choice but to do她别无选择，只有躺下来睡觉。_五、不定式主动表被动He only has a small room to live in.（He 是to live in 逻辑上的主语。）Mother always gives her little daughter somepicture books to read.（her little daughter 是to

18、 read 的逻辑主语）选择题1.I cant stand _ with Jane in the same office.She just refuses _ talking while she works.A.working;stopping B.to work;stoppingC.working;to stop D.to work;to stop2.My advisor encouraged _ a summer course toimprove my writing skills.A.for me taking B.me takingC.for me to take D.me to ta

19、ke3.The director had he assistant _ some hot dogsfor the meeting.A.picked up B.picks upC.pick up D.picking up4.Many buildings in the city need repairing,butthe one _ first is the library.A.repaired B.being repairedC.repairing D.to be repaired5.If there is a lot of work_,Im happy tojust keep on until

20、 it is finished.A.to do B.to be done C.done D.doing6.-Did the book give the information youneeded -Yes.But _ it,I had to read theentire book.A.to find B.find C.to finding D.finding7._,the pay isnt attractive enough,thoughthe job itself is quite interesting.A.Generally speaking B.On the contraryC.In

21、particular D.To be honest8.The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of LiuXiang,who was reported _ the world record inthe 110-meter hurdle race.A.breaking B.having brokenC.to have broken D.to break9._ as an Olympic event,a sport must be playedin at least 75 countries on at least 4 continents.A.To accep

22、t B.Having acceptedC.To be accepted D.Accepting10.-Its no use having ideas only.-Dont worry.Peter can show you _ to turnan idea into an act.A.how B.who C.what D.where11.There will be more than 750 projects _,creatingnearly40,000jobsthissummer,including 15,000 in a Youth conservation Corps.A.started

23、B.to be started C.starting D.to start12.As far as I know,_ their task ahead of time,they often stayed up late into the night.A.finishing B.having finishedC.finished D.to finish13.-Can I have the document right now-Of course.Wait a minute and Ill have mysecretary _ it for you.A.to print B.printing C.

24、printed D.print14.Another primary school is reported _ forchildren in Wen Chuan now.A.to have been built B.to have builtC.being built D.to be building15.Obamas African father returned Kenya whenhe was 2,_ him _ by his white,Kansa-bornmother in Hawaii.A.leaving;to be raised B.left;to beraised C.leavi

25、ng;raising D.left;raised16.Finding her car stolen,_.A.a policeman was asked to helpB.the area was searched thoroughlyC.it was looked for everywhereD.Mrs.Green reported it to the police17._ happened to be no one in the building whenthe fire broke out.A.It B.There C.This D.That18.-He ran for 40 minute

26、s to catch the footballteams bus,only _ it had just left.-What a bitter disappointment he had!A.found B.to find C.finding D.havingfound19.Id like to take you and Su out tomorrowevening to dinner,but I have something important_.A.to be attended B.to attend toC.attended to D.to attend20.Mr.Green was d

27、riving carelessly and his speedwas above the limit.He was the very one _.A.blamed B.blaming C.to blame D.to be blamed用动词的适当形式填空1.-Manager,do you have something _to betyped_（type）at this moment-No,thanks.Ill call you if any.2.All of them try to use the power of theworkstation_topresent_（present）infor

28、mation in a more effective way.3.Thepressure _to compete_（compete）causes Americans to be energetic,butit also puts them under a constant strain.4.-Is Bill still working in his office-Im afraid not.He is said _to haveleft_（leave）his position alreadyas he has been fired.5.Police are now searching for the woman who isreported to _have been missing_（miss）since the flood hit the area last Friday.