初中英语六大从句用法及练习中考题.pdf

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1、mendsalaryinterviewrepaircharitypredictrespectdonatemannermeasuresourcetypicaloccurform欢迎，打招呼insistpretendconversationupsetpreventopposite-adj.proveexisthand inbe divided intoparadisegesturebe divided bybe forbidden tomanagementbe responsible formonitor 班长，监控factorbe in charge ofdirectlyoperatecauti

2、ousdisplaybutton 按钮，钮扣cropchallengecomplainpositive-negativehut 小屋awful 令人不愉快的强迫某人做某事fairremindwallet=purse 钱包unfairfit口袋the attitude withpunishment捡起be appreciated byseverereturn sth to sbpraiseunifygive back to.还回给choreregular某人be supposed tosufferjunkstaffsuffer from stresssnack 零食stufftake a bre

3、aksnake 蛇authority 权威，当局positive-negativebe supposed to 被认为force sb to do=force asb into doingstaff 员工，全体职工wallet=purse 钱包stuff 材料，东西pocket 口袋authority 权威，当局pick upawful 令人不愉快的return sth to sbremind 提醒，使想起give back to.还回给某人keep fit 保持健康junk 垃圾fit 合适，益处snack 零食launch 发射snake 蛇punishment 惩罚hut 小屋sever

4、e 严重的，严厉的fair 公平unify 统一unfair 不公平regular 规律的the attitude with 对.的态度suffer 遭受，忍受be appreciated by 被某人欣赏/感激suffer from stress 承受压力praise 赞扬take a break 休息一下chore 杂事no longer=not.any longer1英语中六大从句六大从句用法总结1.主语从句主语从句1）主语从句可直接位于主语的位置，如果从句较长从句较长，谓语又较短，可用可用 itit 作形式主语作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。常见的句型有：*It is a facta p

5、itya questiongood news that.*Itseemsappearshappenedhasturned out that.*Itisclearimportantlikelypossiblethat.*Itissaidreportedestimatedhas been proved that.2)whatwhat 引导的主语从句表示“.的东西时”，一般不用一般不用 itit 作形式主语作形式主语。What we lack is experience.3)what,who,when,why,whetherwhat,who,when,why,whether 等词含有各自的疑问意义，

6、但它们引导的主语从句引导的主语从句，都用陈都用陈述语序述语序。How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again.I did know why I felt like crying.2.宾语从句宾语从句1）宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后及物动词、介词和某些形容词后。连词 thatthat 常可省略常可省略。介词后一般接介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句疑问词引导的宾语从句。in that(in that(因为因为),except that(except that(除了除了),but that(but that(只是）

7、只是）已构成固定搭配，其他介词后一般不接that 引导的宾语从句。*I promised that I would change the situation.*All this is different from what American young people would say about friendship.*He is certain that watching so much television is not good for children.*This article is well-written except that it is a bit too long.2)宾

8、语从句后如有宾补后如有宾补，要用形式宾语形式宾语 itit 来代替来代替，而把宾语从句移至宾补之后。He has made it clear that he would not change his mind.3)在 think,believe,suppose,expectthink,believe,suppose,expect 等动词后的宾语从句中，如果谓语是否定的谓语是否定的，一般将否定词移至主句谓语上否定词移至主句谓语上，宾语从句宾语从句则变成肯定形式变成肯定形式。He didnt think that the money was well spent.He didnt think th

9、at the money was well spent.3.表语从句表语从句表语从句出现在结构为“主主语语+系系动动词词+表表语语从从句句”的句子中。表语从句除可用that,what,when,why,whether,howthat,what,when,why,whether,how 等引导外，还可由 because,asbecause,as if(though)if(though)等引导。thatthat常可省略常可省略。如主句主语为主句主语为 reasonreason,只能用只能用 thatthat 引导表语从句，不可用不可用 becausebecause.The reason why s

10、o many people died there is that there were not enough food supplies.It looks as if successful international cultural communication will make the worldsmaller.4.同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句用于对前面出现的名词对前面出现的名词作进一步说明进一步说明，一般用连词连词 thatthat 引导引导，由于先行名词的先行名词的意义不同意义不同，也可用 whether,who,when,where,what,why,howwhether,who,

11、when,where,what,why,how 等引导。常见的先行名词有fact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion,order,problem,reportfact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion,order,problem,report,decision.,decision.有时由于谓语较短谓语较短，将同位语从句位于谓语之后将同位语从句位于谓语之后。She finally made the decision that she would join

12、the fashion show.I had no idea how many books I could borrow at a time.1The news came that their team had won the championship.5.定语从句定语从句定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词或代词先行词可以是名词或代词，也可以是一个句子句子。定语从句通常位于先行通常位于先行词之后词之后，由关系代词关系代词或关系副词引导关系副词引导。关系词关系代词thatwhichwho，whom，whose在从句中的成分主语/宾语主语/宾语主语/宾语/定语时间状语，地点状语，原因修饰的先行词可否

13、省略人、物物人作宾语时可省略作宾语时可省略作宾语时可省略关系副词When，where，why时间、地点、一般可省略原因*限制性定语从句限制性定语从句限制性定语从句修饰先行词修饰先行词，紧接先行词之后，无逗号，若省去，原句意思不完整若省去，原句意思不完整。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,thatwho,whom,whose,which,that 等。who,whom,whosewho,whom,whose 用于指人用于指人，whosewhose有时也可指物有时也可指物，相当于 of whichof which；whichwhich 用于指物用于指物；thatth

14、at 既可指人也可指物既可指人也可指物，但只用于限只用于限制性定语从句中制性定语从句中。关系代词关系代词除了引导定语从句，替代先行词外，还在从句中担任主语、宾担任主语、宾语、语、定语定语等。The girl whose parents died in an accident is living with her grandmother.The computers and cables which make up the Internet are owned by people andorganizations.Those who live alone or who are sick may h

15、ave trouble in getting close to other people.1)当先行词是先行词是 all,anything,everything,something,nothingall,anything,everything,something,nothing 等不定代词不定代词或先行词前有先行词前有first,last,any,few,much,some,no,onlyfirst,last,any,few,much,some,no,only 以及形容词最高级形容词最高级修饰时，只能用只能用关系代词 thatthat引导从句。That is all that Ive hear

16、d from him.Hes the first person that Im going to interview this afternoon.2)关系代词的省略关系代词的省略：从句中作宾语的关系代词作宾语的关系代词常可省略可省略。关系代词紧跟介词关系代词紧跟介词，作介词宾语作介词宾语时不可用时不可用 thatthat，只可用只可用 whichwhich 或或 whomwhom 引导引导从句，并且不可省略不可省略，但当介词位于介词位于宾语从句句句末末时，作为介词宾语的关系代词仍可用仍可用 thatthat，也可省略可省略。This is one of those things with w

17、hich we have to put up.This is one of those things(whichthat)we have to put up with.3)引导定语从句定语从句的关系副词关系副词有 when,where,whywhen,where,why 等。关系副词在从句中作状语作状语，意义上相当于一个“介词介词+which+which”的结构。Even in comic books where(=in which)there are nowords,the stories are fully expressed through the drawings.No one kno

18、ws the reason why(=for which)he was so angry that day.*非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句既可修饰先行词既可修饰先行词，也可修饰整个主句修饰整个主句，起补充说明作用补充说明作用，与主句之间有有逗号隔开逗号隔开，若省去，原句意思不受影响省去，原句意思不受影响。不可用不可用 thatthat 引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句。关系词不可关系词不可省略省略。Every object has a gravitational pull,which is rather like magnetism.*“介词介词+whichwhom

19、whose+whichwhomwhose”引导的定语从句“介词介词+whichwhomwhose+whichwhomwhose”可引导限制性定语从句限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句，该结构1中介词的选择取决于介词的选择取决于从句谓语动词的固定搭配谓语动词的固定搭配，或先行词的习惯搭配先行词的习惯搭配。This is the computer onon which he spent spent all his savings.It is written by a person with with whom we areare all familiarfamiliar.

20、*as*as 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句as 引导的定语从句主要用于“such.assuch.as”及“the same.asthe same.as”的结构中，代替先行词是先行词是人或物人或物的名词名词。asas 引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句时，代替整个主句代替整个主句，从句可位于主句之前、之后可位于主句之前、之后或中间或中间。These are not such problems as as can be easily solved.(asas 代替代替先行词 problemsproblems)AsAs is mentioned above,no single company

21、or group can control what happens on theInternet.(asas 代替主语主语)6.状语从句状语从句*时间状语时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的从属连词和词组从属连词和词组有：1）when,whenever,while,as,after,before,since,till,until,oncewhen,whenever,while,as,after,before,since,till,until,once 等。We have learnt quite a lot about it since we came here.2)as soon as,hardl

22、y(scarcely).when,no sooner.than,each(every)time,as soon as,hardly(scarcely).when,no sooner.than,each(every)time,the moment,immediately(that)the moment,immediately(that)等。As soon as I sent an e-mail message,I received positive responses.The moment he heard the good news,he jumped with joy.*地点状语地点状语从句

23、引导地点状语从句的连词是where,wherever.where,wherever.Wherever she went,she took her little daughter with her.*原因、结果和目的原因、结果和目的状语从句1）引 导 原原 因因 状 语 从 句 的 从 属 连 词 有：because,as,since,now(that),seeingbecause,as,since,now(that),seeingthat,considering that,in thatthat,considering that,in that等。Considering that he is

24、a freshman,we mustsay he is doing well.2)引导结果结果状语从句的连词有：so.that,such.that,so that,that,soso.that,such.that,so that,that,so 等。Mickey Mouse is so attractive that the children are reluctant to leave.3)引导目的目的状语从句的连词有：so that,in order that,for fear that,lestso that,in order that,for fear that,lest 等，从句从句

25、常使用 may,might,can,could,wouldmay,might,can,could,would 等情态动词等情态动词。We got up early this morning so that we could catch the first bus to the railwaystation.*条件和让步条件和让步状语从句1）引导条件条件状语从句的连词和词组有 if,unless,as(so)long as,on condition that,inif,unless,as(so)long as,on condition that,incase,provided(providing

26、)that,supposingcase,provided(providing)that,supposing 等。As long as you have the right equipment,you can use a telephone line to transmitcomputer data.2)引导让步让步状语从句的连词和词组有 though,although,whether,even though,even if,nothough,although,whether,even though,even if,nomattermatter what(when,how.),whatever(

27、whenever,wherever,however.)what(when,how.),whatever(whenever,wherever,however.)等。though,eventhough,evenifif 等引导状语从句可转换成含有转换成含有 asas 的部分倒装结构部分倒装结构，具有强调意义强调意义。其结构为“形容词形容词（副（副词、动词、名词）词、动词、名词）+as+as+主语主语+谓语谓语”。No matter what you may say,I would not change1my mind.Young as he is,he is quite experienced i

28、n this work.(=though he is young)Child as he is,he can speak English fluently.(=though he is a child)*方式方式状语从句引导方式方式状语从句的连词有 as,just as,as if,as thoughas,just as,as if,as though 等。as if,as thoughas if,as though 引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用虚拟语气常用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反与事实相反。The young man made the experiment just as the teac

29、her had taught him.Everything went on as usual as if nothing had happened.is reported that two schools,both of _are being built in my hometown,willopen next year.A.thatB.whichC.themD.those,_ everyone can see,is an honest child.A.which B.that C.that D.as was much kinder to Jack than she was to the ot

30、hers,_,of course,make allthe others upset.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that is reading the book _he borrowed from the library yesterday.A.whoseB.whereC.whichD.as5.Between the two parts of the concert is an interval,_ the audience canbuy ice-cream.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which you know the speed _ the car is run

31、ning A.at which B.which C.with which D.that driving through the city,she showed me the building _she once worked as alift operator.A.among whichB.whichC.inwhichD.that is like a long race _we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.A.whyB.whatC.thatD.where the neighbors admire this family,_ the pa

32、rents are treating their childlike a friend.A.whyB.whereC.whichD.that age _ children can go to school is seven.A.at which B.by which C.which D.whose11.My glasses,_ I was like a blind man,fell to the ground and broke.A.without which B.with whichC.for whichD.in which wolves hid themselves in the place

33、s _ couldnt be found.A.whichB.whereC.in whichD.in that13.How much do you have in your pocket150 yuan,all of_ came from my grandma.A.whichB.them C.itD.that size of the audience,_ we had expected,was well over 20,000.1A.asB.whereC.whichD.why came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt,

34、_ is a stupid thingto do in such weather.A.this B.that C.what D.whichll find taxis waiting at the bus station _ you can hire to reach your host family.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.as are quite rare I have the time to spend a day with my kids.A.whoB.whichC.whyD.whennine oclock,all the Olympic torch bearers

35、had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma,appeared a rare rainbow soon.A.whichB.on which C.that D.abovewhich schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs _they are being trained.A.that B.forwhich C.which D.about which20.What do you think of teacher,BobI find it fun and

36、 challenging.It is a job _ you are doing something seriousbut interesting.A.where B.which C.when D.that in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers _ consumer complaintshave resulted in changes in the law.A.whereB.whenC.whoD.which lazy boy is expecting a way _ he can get through the exams wi

37、thout hard work.A.whichB.with whichC.in whichD.whom reason _ he was late for school was that he got up late.A.for whichB.at whichC.in which D.on which Great Wall is the place _ almost all tourists would like to visit when they cometo BeijingA.whyB.whichC.whenD.where in this chapter cases will be int

38、roduced to readers _ consumer complaintshave resulted in changes in the law.A.whereB.whenC.whoD.which was born in New Orleans,Louisiana,a city name will create a picture ofbeautiful trees and green grass in our mind.A.which B.of which C.thatD.whose 1995,_ people call the Year of the Internet,the wor

39、ld has turned flat thanksto the net work.A.which B.when C.in which D.by whichtime went to the West Lake yesterday,not surprisingly,was crowded withvisitors from all over the world A.where B.which C.that D.when time is not far away _ modern communications will become widespread inChinas vast.as B.whe

40、n C.until D.before talked happily about the things and persons_ they remembered in the college.A.who B.which C.whose D.that.选择填空（选择填空（2020 分）分）11.Frank fell over at the beginning of the race,but he was ahead of the other runnersin the end.A.higher thanB.longer thanC.faster thanD.morequickly than2.Wh

41、at a terrible rain we had last month!Yes,it caused floods and a large number of cars went wrong.A.were washed awayB.broke downC.disappearedD.stopped to work3.The Shenzhen City consists of many districts,including Luohu,Futian,Nanshanand so on.A.are full ofB.are covered withC.is filled withD.ismade u

42、p of4.The children should be taken good care of because they are unaware of the dangeraround them.A.dont know aboutB.cant deal withC.find out D.payattention to5.Congratulations!You have won the first prize in theRobcup Competition!Thank you.It was not easy,but we made it at last.A.deserved itB.succe

43、ededC.caught itD.heldit6.Mike,do you know _ man with glasses next to Mr.White He is my uncle Simon.He is _ art teacher in our school.A.the;/B.the;anC./;theD.a;an7.Is there _ in todays newspaper A lot about the FIFA.But we cant watch the games _ the exams are over.A.something special;afterB.special s

44、omething;beforeC.special anything;whenD.anything special;until8.I think it would be better if we have more _ in our school.I agree with you.Its necessary _ us to give advice to our headmasterabout this.A.man teachers;forB.men teachers;of C.men teachers;forD.manteachers;of9.Do you know the 10th China

45、 International Cultural Industry Fair(文博会)_ last month Yes.It attracted _ people around the world.A.held;millions B.held;million of C.is held;million of D.washeld;millions of10.What a pity!Mum doesnt let me _ in the river on my own.Shes right.Children should learn to protect _ from all kinds of dang

46、ers.A.to swim;ourselvesB.to swim;yourselves C.swim;themselvesD.swimming;them11.Candy is the first in the exam again.I think she is _ studentin our class.So she is.And she always does her homework very _.A.the most hard-working;carefulB.mosthard-working;mostcarefully1C.more hard-working;more carefull

47、yD.themosthard-working;carefully12.Peter,lets watch the new movieX-Men on TV,_ Id love to,but my parents dont allow me to watch TV _ on weekends.A.shall we;exceptB.will you;besidesC.shant we;except forD.wont you;beside13.A Biteof Chinais _ a popular TV program that everyone talks aboutit these days.

48、Yes.It shows Chinas many kinds of delicious foods and _ colourful foodculture.A.too;itsB.such;itsC.so;itD.very;its14.Listen!Katherine is playing the violin in the music room.It _ be Katherine.She _ Shanghai for a violin contest.A.cant;has gone toB.mustnt;has been toC.neednt;hasbeeninD.wont;has left

49、for15._ did Becky keep on hiking in the 14thShenzhen 100 Kilometres For five hours.But she _ at last because she was too tired.A.How soon;put it up B.How long;gave it up C.How often;looked it up D.Howfar;gave up it16._ amazing city Shenzhen is!It is clean,beautiful and modern.Thats true.We cant imag

50、ine that it _ be a small fishing village!A.How;was used to B.What;is used forC.What an;used toD.How an;uses to17._ angry,Mum.I promise I will never be late for school again.OK.You _ use an alarm clock to wake you up in the morning.A.Be not;would likeB.Not be;would rather C.Do be;ought toD.Dont be;ha