2017中考英语名词复习教案.pdf

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1、中考英语名词专题复习教案一、教学目标1、名词的应用及各个环节变化。2、掌握名词在试卷中的重要性。二、考查重点1.可数名词与不可数名词2.名词的单数与复数名词所有格3.名词用法以及词义辨析三、两课时四、教学过程名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称的词。可数名词普通名词不可数名词个体名词：chair，book集体名词：people，family物质名词：rain，ice，sunshine抽象名词：love，knowledge专有名词：1.表示人名如：JimKateLi LeiMiss GaoBeijing2.表示地名:如:ChinaUSAEngland3.表示星期、月份等时间概念的名称，如：S

2、undayMondayTuesdayJanuaryMay DayFebruary4.表示中外节日：国际性节日 :New Year中国节日:Children?s DayWomen?s DaySpring FestivalMid-autumn DayNational Day西方节日:Christmas DayValen tine?s Day(情人节)Easter(复活节）Father?s DayMother?s DaySaint5.机构或一些社会团体的名称，它们往往缩写,如:CCTV UNWTOPLA PRCUFOVIP porridge,tofu,BBC SOS UN ITNBA IQ EQPE

3、RMB.drink-coffee,milk,tea2.food-rice,bread,meat3.sugar,salt,pepper,butter4.weather-rain,snow,ice,cloud,wind5.cotton,silk,wool,mental,paper,wood,glass,plastic名词单数的表达一般可用 a，an，one 来修饰 注：a 用于辅音音素开头的单词前音音素开头的单词前*a book，*an English book，*an hour。,an 用于元名词的复数形式1.规则变化(1)一般在复数名词后加*dog dogs*box boxes“s”/s/or

4、/z/*book books*watch watches(2)以 s、x、ch、sh 结尾的名词加“es”/iz(3)以辅音字母加 y 结尾的名词,变 y 为 i 加“es”/iz/*countrycountries*factory factories请区别：如果是元音字母加y 结尾的名词则只须加“s”*boy boysholiday-holidays*monkey monkeys*halfhalves*knife knives特殊:belief-beliefs特殊:roof-roofs(4)以 f、fe结尾的名词,变f、fe为 v 再加“es”/vz/*shelfshelvesleaves*

5、leaf(5)以 o 结尾的名词*piano pianosradio-radios2.不规则变化(1)单复数同形ChineseChinesetooth teeth(3).变 man 为 men,一般情况s,读作/z/.potato，tomato，hero 除外加*zoo zoosbamboo-bamboosfish fishJapaneseJapanesefoot feetsheep sheep(2)变元音字母 oo 为 eemanmenwomanwomenpolicemanpolicemenFrenchmanFrenchmen请区别：German(德国人)Germans(“中日”不变“英法”

6、变，其余(4).常以复数形式出现的名词peopletrousersclothesshoess 加后面)glasses这些名词作主语时，注意它们的谓语用复数*My clothes are newer than yours.3.可数名词可以被 a,an,one,two以及 how many，many，a few，few，any，lots of,a lot of，some 等修饰*There are a few people in the park.*How many knives are there in your pencil-box?1.Several _ are talkingunder t

7、he tree And they are talking about_.A woman;childrenCwomen;children2.There are threeB woman;childin my family.A.peopleA.GermansC.GermanyB.personB.GermenD.GermaniesC.child3.Some _ came to our school for a visit that day.4.In the picture there are many_ and two_.A.sheeps;knifesC.sheep;knivesA.Japanese

8、，GermenC.Japanese，German不可数名词物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如workmoneywoodB.sheeps;knifeD.sheep;knifeB.Japaneses，Germen5.There are four_and two_in the group.D.Japanese，Germans:water，rice，fish，meat等。chalktimespacenewsmusicweatherinformationhomeworkmedicine1.单个的不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数*Some bread is over there.*No news is g

9、ood news.2.不可数名词不能直接被lots of,some,any，plenty of等修饰*They had much money.*He does little housework at home.*a rice(X)巩固练习:a,an,one,two等修饰，常用how much,much,a little,little,a lotof,two bread(X)(1)一 茶 杯 茶（3）两公斤肉（5）半公斤鸡（2）一块冰（4）五瓶橘汁（6）许多瓶牛奶肉4.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情况下可相互转化，同一个词，但意思不同glass(玻璃)a glass(玻璃杯)1.Please

10、give me _ paper.A.oneB.a piecesC.a piece D.a piece ofwork(工作)a work(著作)time(时间)times(次数)2.This table is made of_.A.many glassB.some glasses C.glasses D.glass3.What can I do for you,sir?Id like two_.A.bottle of milkC.bottles of milk_ people.A.less,fewerB.fewer,less等集体名词做主语时，如果看B.bottles of milksD.bot

11、tle of milks4.We can do the work better with_money andC.little,littleD.few,few1.当 people,class,family,team,group,public,police成一个整体，动词就用单数；看成一个个具体成员时，就用复数。2.e.gThe class are waiting for her.3.Tom s family _ rather big.Tome.gThe news makes her very happy.Maths _ not easy for him.名词所有格表示名词间的所有关系“一.名词所

12、有格的构成方法1.一般情况下，在有生命的名词后加“Kangkang?s fatherTeachers?office*Children?s DayLucy?s bookThe Greens?houses”s family _ film fans.4.news,maths,politics表示单数意义，动词用单数。,的”2.以 s 结尾的复数名词,则在 s 后加“”即可3.不以 s 结尾的复数名词的所有格,仍按惯例加“s”*men?s shoes4.无生命名词的所有关系用 of*a picture of the classroom加名词，构成所属关系的短语*the color of the wal

13、l双重所有格1.June 1st is _Day.All the Children enjoy it very much.A.ChildrenC.ChildrenA.twins sB.twinB.ChildrensD.ChildCs.twinsD.twins2.The two bedroom are the _.5.如果事物为2 人或 2 人以上共同所有，在最后一个名词后加-?s;6.如果事物不是后都加-?s6.Lucy is _ sister.A.Mary and JackC.Mary and Jacks命的东西，也可以加8.ItB.Mary s and JackD.Mary and Jac

14、k-,s 构成所有格s s2 人或 2 人共同所有，而是分别有的,则在 2 个名词7.有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体的等无生重难点突破 s _from our school to my home.A.ten minutesC.ten minute1 XX 的省会 walkB.ten minute s walkwalkD.ten minutes walkthe capital of Guangdong2 教室的门the doors of the classroom3 我父亲的一个朋友 a friend of my father?s4 他的两个兄弟 two brothers of his5

15、爱迪生的一些发明 some inventions of Edison?s6 他弟弟的一 X 照片(照片属于他弟弟 )a picture of his brother?s7 他弟弟的一 X 照片(照片里的人是他弟弟 )a picture of his brother名词的用法1.修饰另一名词时,一般用单数*There are three banana trees over there.2.man woman用做定语时 ,应与后面的名词保持数的一致*We need a man teacher.*They are all women workers.3.sports,clothes做定语时,仍用复数

16、形式*asportsstar*a clothes shop小组讨论以下练习的答案并说明其原因1.Our hospital needs two_doctors,Mrs.Li.You can ask your son to have atry.A.womenC.womanB.manD.men小组讨论以下练习的答案并说明其原因1.Our hospital needs two_doctors,Mrs.Li.You can ask your son to have atry.A.womenC.woman名词所有格的几个注意点可用名词所有格表示地点B.manD.men,地点名词习惯上省略*my aunt?

17、s(home）(我姑姑家）*go to the teachers?(office）(去老师办公室）1.Could you please get me some _?IA.appleC.breadA.noseA.flowersB.earsB.grassB.waterD.egg t see anything around me.m hungry.2.Something is wrong with my_.I canC.eyesC.villagesD.mouthD.water3.Mr.White has a beautiful garden with many _ in it.4.-How far

18、is your cousinA.hour sA.workerB.hoursB.teacher s home from here?-It s about two _ drive.C.hoursC.dancerD.hourD.player5.Yao Ming did a good job in the basketball match yesterday.He is my favorite _6.All the _ teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th，because it was their ownholiday.A manB.menC.womanD.women