小学介词专项练习18424.pdf
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1、小学介词专项练习小学介词专项练习一、一、时时间:间:1)in,on1)in,on,atat 在在时时inin 表示较长时间,如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般(非特指)的早、中、晚等表示较长时间,如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般(非特指)的早、中、晚等.如如 in the 20th centuryin the 20th century,in the 1950s,in 1989in the 1950s,in 1989,in summer,in January,in the morning,in ones lifein summer,in January,in the morning,i
2、n ones life,in ones thirtiesin ones thirties 等等.onon 表示具体某一天及其早、中、晚表示具体某一天及其早、中、晚.如如 on May 1st,on Mondayon May 1st,on Monday,on New Years Dayon New Years Day,on a cold night in January,on a fine morning,onon a cold night in January,on a fine morning,onSunday afternoonSunday afternoon 等。等。注意:在注意:在 l
3、astlast,nextnext,thisthis,that,some,everythat,some,every 等词之前一律不用介词。如等词之前一律不用介词。如:We meet every day:We meet every day。atat 表示表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间,或泛指圣诞节表示表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间,或泛指圣诞节,复活节等在:复活节等在:at seven oclock,at a quarter pastat seven oclock,at a quarter pastfourfour,at eleven twentyat eleven twenty,at noonat no
4、on,at night,at midnight,at this time of yearat night,at midnight,at this time of year,at the beginning ofat the beginning of,at the end of,at the age of at the end of,at the age of,at Christmas,at this momentat Christmas,at this moment等等.1 1)My father usually goes to work _(atMy father usually goes
5、to work _(at,inin,onon)8:008:00。2)The party will begin _2)The party will begin _(at,in,on)2:00pmat,in,on)2:00pm。表示在早晨表示在早晨,下午下午,晚上:晚上:in the morning,in the afternoonin the morning,in the afternoon,in the evening.in the evening.1)We never go shopping _1)We never go shopping _(at,in,onat,in,on)the eve
6、ningthe evening。2 2)I get up at 7I get up at 7:30 _30 _(at,in,onat,in,on)the morningthe morning。表示在具体某一天:表示在具体某一天:on Mondayon Monday,on Saturdayon Saturday,o on Childrens Day,on June 22,2006n Childrens Day,on June 22,2006,on Teacherson Teachers dayday1 1)Christmas is _Christmas is _(atat,inin,onon)D
7、ecember 25December 25thth。2)What is the first lesson(2)What is the first lesson(课)课)_(at,in,on_(at,in,on)Tuesday?Tuesday?3 3)Mr.Web will go to Shanghai _Mr.Web will go to Shanghai _(atat,in,on)Octin,on)Oct。22nd22nd。4 4)He often plays football with his friends _He often plays football with his friend
8、s _(atat,in,onin,on)Sunday.Sunday.5 5)Children dont go tChildren dont go to school _(at,in,ono school _(at,in,on)New Years Day.New Years Day.“在星期天的早晨在星期天的早晨”这一类应用这一类应用 on Sunday morningon Sunday morning(具体一天早上(具体一天早上)()1.The girl usually practices the piano _ Saturday morning1.The girl usually pract
9、ices the piano _ Saturday morning。A A。ononB B。ininC C。atat()2.He left home _ a cold winter evening.2.He left home _ a cold winter evening.A A。atatB.onB.onC.inC.in表示大约时间表示大约时间(about(about):):Its about six oclock now.Its about six oclock now.现在大约现在大约 6 6 点钟了。点钟了。表示一段时间表示一段时间(for):for two years(for):fo
10、r two years,(how longhow long)(任何时态)(任何时态)表示一段时间之后(表示一段时间之后(inin):in two days,:in two days,(how soonhow soon)(将来时将来时)1after+after+时间段,常用于过去时:时间段,常用于过去时:这里的时间段一般不是具体时间,一般不说这里的时间段一般不是具体时间,一般不说 after three daysafter three days,而是,而是three days afterthree days after,但可以说,但可以说 after a period of time,after
11、 a period of time,如:如:After a whileAfter a while,he came herehe came here。after+after+时间点时间点,可用于各种时态:可用于各种时态:After dinner I watch TVAfter dinner I watch TV。晚饭后我看电视晚饭后我看电视.After fiveAfter five,he camehe camehere.here.一段时间一段时间+later/ago,+later/ago,分别表示分别表示“(“(多久多久)以后以后/以前以前,主要用于过去时态。,主要用于过去时态。after/be
12、fore+after/before+某个时刻,分别表示某个时刻,分别表示“在某时刻之后在某时刻之后/之前之前”,此时两个词是介词此时两个词是介词.agoago 与与 beforebefore:agoago 只能用于过去时,只能用于过去时,beforebefore 用于完成时用于完成时.如如:He had an accident a week ago:He had an accident a week ago。(一周前出了一个事故)。(一周前出了一个事故)。Some years laterSome years later,the boy became a very famous singerth
13、e boy became a very famous singer。(数年后这个男孩成了著名的歌唱家)。(数年后这个男孩成了著名的歌唱家)。Have you been there beforeHave you been there before?(你从前到过那儿吗?你从前到过那儿吗?)。After a few years he gave up smokingAfter a few years he gave up smoking。(过了几年他戒了烟。(过了几年他戒了烟。)since+since+时间点,常用于完成时态时间点,常用于完成时态:since three days ago:since
14、three days ago,I have lived here since I was ten years oldI have lived here since I was ten years old。until+until+时间点时间点(特定的时间,某事发生特定的时间,某事发生):直到:直到为止,在为止,在之前之前not until+not until+时间点(特定的时间,某事发生):直到时间点(特定的时间,某事发生):直到才才He didnt turn up until half an hour laterHe didnt turn up until half an hour later
15、。(半小时后他才出现)。(半小时后他才出现)as soon asas soon as 一一。就。就whenwhen 与与 whilewhile(1)(1)whenwhen 既指时间点既指时间点,也可指一段时间也可指一段时间,while,while 只指一段时间,只指一段时间,因此因此 whenwhen 引导的时间状语从句中的动词引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是终止性动词,也可以是延续性动词可以是终止性动词,也可以是延续性动词,而而 whilewhile 从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。(2)(2)whenwhen 说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时,也可以是先后发
16、生说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时,也可以是先后发生;while;while 则强调主句的动作在则强调主句的动作在从句动作的发生的过程中或主从句两个动作同时发生。从句动作的发生的过程中或主从句两个动作同时发生。(3)(3)由由 whenwhen 引导的时间状语从句,主句用过去进行时,从句应用一般过去时引导的时间状语从句,主句用过去进行时,从句应用一般过去时;如果从句和主句的动作如果从句和主句的动作同时发生,两句都用过去进行时的时候,多用同时发生,两句都用过去进行时的时候,多用 whilewhile 引导,如:引导,如:When the teacher came in,we were tal
17、kingWhen the teacher came in,we were talking。当此句改变主从句的位置时当此句改变主从句的位置时,则为则为:While we were talkingWhile we were talking,the teacher came inthe teacher came in。They were singing while we were dancing.They were singing while we were dancing.(4)(4)whenwhen 和和 whilewhile 还可作并列连词还可作并列连词.when.when 表示表示“在那时在
18、那时”;whilewhile 表示表示“而,却而,却,表对照关系。如:,表对照关系。如:The children were running to move the bag of rice when they heard the sound of a motorThe children were running to move the bag of rice when they heard the sound of a motorbikebike。孩子们正要跑过去搬开那袋米,这时他们听到了摩托车的声音孩子们正要跑过去搬开那袋米,这时他们听到了摩托车的声音.He is strong while h
19、is brother is weak.He is strong while his brother is weak.他长得很结实,而他弟弟却很瘦弱他长得很结实,而他弟弟却很瘦弱.时间相关的固定搭配:时间相关的固定搭配:at firstat first 起初起初;2at lastat last 最后最后at presentat present 现在现在at the same timeat the same time 同时同时on timeon time 准时地准时地in timein time 及时地及时地at onceat once 立刻;马上立刻;马上in a minutein a minu
20、te 立刻立刻in a hurryin a hurry 匆忙地匆忙地in the endin the end 相当于相当于 at last,finallyat last,finally,是副词,意思是是副词,意思是“最后,最终最后,最终,终于终于”如:如:In the endIn the end,she found the solution to the problemshe found the solution to the problem。(最后,她找到了解决这个问题的方法最后,她找到了解决这个问题的方法.).)at the endat the end 通常后边要跟上其它成分,通常后边要跟
21、上其它成分,即完整的形式是:即完整的形式是:at the end of sthat the end of sth,意思是意思是“在在.。.的末尾,的末尾,在。结束的时候在。结束的时候”,如:如:At the end of the month,she finished the taskAt the end of the month,she finished the task。(在月末的时候(在月末的时候,她完成了任务。她完成了任务。)at schoolat school 在上课在上课,在上学在上学(=in school(=in school 在求学、在上学在求学、在上学)in hospitali
22、n hospital 住院住院at workat work 上班,在工作上班,在工作in classin class 在课堂上在课堂上on dutyon duty 值日值日on holidayon holiday 度假度假at schoolat school 表示表示“在学校、在上学在学校、在上学”相对于在家里或在校外,强调所在场所或时间,如:相对于在家里或在校外,强调所在场所或时间,如:My son is at school now.He is not at home or somewhere elseMy son is at school now.He is not at home or
23、somewhere else。我儿子现在在学校,他不在家,也不在别的地方。我儿子现在在学校,他不在家,也不在别的地方。in school“in school“在求学、在上学在求学、在上学”相对于有工作,强调主语的身份是学生。如相对于有工作,强调主语的身份是学生。如:My daughter still in schoolMy daughter still in school,She doesnt workShe doesnt work。我女儿还在上学,她不在工作。我女儿还在上学,她不在工作。in a/the school“in a/the school“在学校在学校,不一定指上学。类似的还有,不
24、一定指上学。类似的还有:in hospital“in hospital“生病住院生病住院”in a/the hospitalin a/the hospital 表表“在医院在医院”(工作或探视病人等)(工作或探视病人等)on/during oneon/during one s birthdays birthday不加介词的时间短语:不加介词的时间短语:1 1。nextnext,last,the next,the lastlast,the next,the last 加时间名词做状语时,其前可不用介词加时间名词做状语时,其前可不用介词.例如:例如:He is going to meet my p
25、arents next weekHe is going to meet my parents next week。下周他要见我的父母下周他要见我的父母.Who was on duty last week?Who was on duty last week?3上周谁值日?上周谁值日?2 2。thisthis,thatthat,thesethese,thosethose 构成的时间状语前可不用介词。例如:(构成的时间状语前可不用介词。例如:(timetime、dayday 例外)例外)We are going to have a new English book this year.We are
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