2020届广东省湛江市遂溪县第四中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案.pdf

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1、20202020 届广东省湛江市遂溪县第四中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及届广东省湛江市遂溪县第四中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案答案第一部分第一部分阅读（共两节，满分阅读（共两节，满分4 40 0 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 1515 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项A AA medical capsule robot is a small,often pill-sized device that can do planned movement inside the body afte

2、rbeing swallowed or surgically inserted.Most models use wireless electronics or magnets or a combination of thetwo to control the movement of the capsule.Such devices have been equipped with cameras to allow observationand diagnosis,with sensors that“feel,”and even with mechanical needles that admin

3、ister drugs.But in practice,Biomechatronics engineer Pietro Valdastri has found that developing capsule models fromscratch(从头开始)is costly,time-consuming and requires advanced skills.“The problem was we had to do themfrom scratch every time,”said Valdastri in an interview.“And other research groups w

4、ere redeveloping those samemodules from scratch,which didnt make sense.”Since most of the capsules have the same parts of components:a microprocessor,communicationsubmodules,an energy source,sensors,and actuators(致动器),Valdastri and his team made the modularplatform in which the pieceswork in concert

5、and can be interchanged with ease.They also developed a flexibleboard on which the component parts are snapped in like Legos.The board can be folded to fit the body of thecapsule,down to about 14 mm.Additionally,they compiled(编译)a library of components that designers couldchoose from,enabling hundre

6、ds of different combinations.They arranged it all in a free online system.Designerscan take the available designs or adapt them to their specific needs.“Instead of redeveloping all the modules from scratch,people with limited technological experience can useour modules to build their own capsule rob

7、ots in clinical use and focus on their innovation,”Valdastri said.Now,the team has designed a capsule equipped with a surgical clip to stop internal bleeding.Researchers atScotlands Royal Infirmary of Edinburg have also expressed interest in using the system to make a crawling capsulethat takes imag

8、es of the colon(结肠).One research group,led by professors at the Institute of Digestive Disease ofthe Chinese University of HongKong,is making a swimming capsule equipped with a camera that pushes itselfthrough the stomach.One limitation of Valdastris system is that its only for designing models.Rese

9、archers can confirm theirhypotheses(假设)and do first design using the platform,but will need to move to a custom approach to developtheir capsules further and make them practical for clinical use.1.According to the passage,Valdastri and his team created the platform to _.A.adopt the latest technologi

10、esB.make their robots dream come trueC.help build specialized capsule robotsD.do preciser observation and diagnosis2.What does the underlined phrase“work in concert”mean in Para.3?A.Perform live.B.Run independently.C.Act in a cooperative way.D.Carry on step by step.3.What can be learnt from the pass

11、age?A.Valdastris system cant provide a complete capsule creation.B.The modular platform is more useful than a custom approach.C.The capsules can move in humans body automatically.D.It costs more to module the capsules on the board.BFor as long as I can remember,my body and I have shared a relationsh

12、ip of discontent.Growing up,I wasskinnier than the other kids and at five I was told I wasnt attractive and that I must put on some weight.But nomatter how much I ate,I stayed thin for years until adolescence.Then I started putting on weight almostimmediately.I remember feeling happy as I began to f

13、ill out.However,my joy didnt last long.I was thirteen when I was first called fat.Friends and neighbours would make jokes on my big size.As Ientered my late teens,I had completely lost confidence in my body and,subsequently,in myself.Having failed tolive up to conventional beauty standards,I was con

14、vinced that if I wanted to be loved,I needed to offer more,doing anything to please everyone around.I entered adulthood thinking I wasnt“enough”an idea that was seeded not only by the fact that“skinny”iscelebrated,but also by the language associated with accounts of losing weightselfimprovement,disc

15、iplineallvirtues.Being fat quickly categorizes you as lazy and undisciplined.Consumed by thoughts of the way my bodylooked,I didnt notice the other ways my body needed attention.I failed to realize,for example,that my periodwas much heavier and more painful than ever before.Actually I developed a ra

16、re disease and later I had twosurgeries.I was always made to feel that my weight was the root of a lot of problems in my life;I have learnt this is nottrue.After a lot of selfreflection and some professional help,I realized I never learnt tolike myself.While twodecades of selfhatred cannot be undone

17、 overnight,I have taken first steps to acceptance.I am now much lighter than before,in body and mind.There are days I find voices on social media saying I amtoo fat to be loved or to be worthy,but I am learning not to focus on that thought for long.As long as I like myself,just the way I am,opinions

18、 at the end of the day are just water off a ducks back.4.What can we learn about the author from the first two paragraphs?A.She could change her weight at will.B.She had different beauty standards from others.C.She tried to love others to build her confidence.D.She was greatly influenced by others o

19、pinions.5.Why did the author think she wasnt“enough”?A.She was poorly disciplined.B.She failed to celebrate“skinny”C.She was labelled as lazy for her weight.D.She put on more weight after entering adulthood.6.What caused the author to make a change?A.Her lighter body.B.A troublesome illness.C.Popula

20、r beauty standards.D.Others critical comments.7.What is the best title for the text?A.Beauty matters.B.Opinions vary.C.Worth your weight.D.Beyond your limits.CDengue is a very painful illness spread by mosquitoes.In severe cases,dengue can even be deadly.Dengue isa serious disease affecting people i

21、n around 120 countries.It can cause high fevers,headaches,and severe pain.Its caused by a virus spread by bites from mosquitoes.Therefore,dengue is more common in warm areas.Everyyear,roughly 390 million people get dengue,and as many as 25,000 die from it.Now scientists seem to have found a way to p

22、rotect humans from dengue by first protecting mosquitoes.Dengue fever is caused by a virus.Though it may seem strange to think of it this way,the mosquitoes that spreadthe dengue virus are also infected with it.But the virus doesnt seem to hurt the mosquitoes.Wolbachia is a kind of bacteria commonly

23、 found in many insects.In some insects,Wolbachia can keep someviruses fromduplicatingthemselves,which is how viruses grow inside a body.Wolbachia isnt naturally found inmosquitoes.But by infecting these mosquitoes with Wolbachia,scientists can keep the mosquitoes from catchingthe dengue virus.Even b

24、etter,the young mosquitoes coming from the eggs of the infected mosquitoes also carryWolbachia.Researchers working with the World Mosquito Program(WMP)ran a 27-month study in Yogyakarta,Indonesia.They split a 10-square-mile area up into 24 smaller areas.In half of the areas,the scientists did nothin

25、g.In the other half,they set out containers of eggs from mosquitoes that had Wolbachia.They did this every twoweeks for just 4 to 6 months.Ten months later,80%of the mosquitoes in the treated areas carried Wolbachia.The researchers report thenumber of dengue cases in the treated areas was reduced by

26、 77%and that the number of people needing hospitalcare for dengue dropped by 86%.Because the results of the experiment were so good,the WHO has placed Wolbachia-infected mosquito eggsin all parts of Yogyakarta and surrounding areas.The WHO says that within a year,their efforts will protect 2.5millio

27、n people against dengue and that their efforts will be turned into a program that can be repeated worldwide.8.What kind of disease is dengue?A.It is likely to cause death.B.It causes no pain but fevers.C.It happens less often in hot areas.D.It hurts both people and mosquitoes.9.The underlined word“d

28、uplicating”in paragraph 3 most probably means“_”.A.worsening the harm ofB.expanding the size ofC.increasing forces ofD.making copies of10.What can be inferred about the method from the figures listed in paragraph 5?A.Its wide use.B.Its effectiveness.C.Its complexity.D.Its easyoperation.11.Whats the

29、WHOs attitude towards the method?A.Ambiguous.B.Positive.C.Tolerant.D.Skeptical.DIn order to help discover spoilage and reduce food waste for supermarkets and consumers,researchers havedeveloped new low-cost,smart phone-linked,eco-friendly spoilage sensors for meat and fish packaging.One in threeUKco

30、nsumers throw away food just because it reaches the use-by date,but 60%of the 12.5billion-worth of food we throw away each year is safe to eat.The researchers,whose findings were published in ACS Sensors,say the sensors could also eventually replacethe use-by datea widely used indicator of being fre

31、sh and eatable.The sensors cost two US cents each to make.Known as“paper-based electrical gas sensors(PEGS)”,theydetect spoilage gases like ammonia(a poisonous gas with a strong unpleasant smell)in meat and fish products.The information provided by the electronic nose is received by a smart phone,an

32、d then you can know whetherthe food is fresh and safe to eat.The Imperial College London researchers who developed PEGS made the sensors by printing carbonelectrodes onto a special type of paper.The materials are eco-friendly and harmless,so they dont damage theenvironment and are safe to use in foo

33、d packaging.The sensors,combined with a tiny electronic system,theninform nearby mobile devices,which identify and understand the data about spoilage gases.Lead author Dr Firat Guder of Imperials Department of Bioengineering,said,“Although theyre designed tokeep us safe,use-by dates can lead to eata

34、ble food being thrown away.They dont always reflect its actualfreshness.In fact,people often get sick from food-borne diseases due to poor storage,even when an item iswithin its use-by date.”“These sensors are cheap enough so we hope to see supermarkets using them within three years.Our goal isto us

35、e PEGS in food packaging to reduce unnecessary food waste.”The authors hope that PEGS could have applications beyond food processing,like sensing chemicals inagriculture,air quality,and detecting disease markers in breath like those involved in kidney disease.12.What is the function of PEGS accordin

36、g to the text?A.To improve the taste of foods.B.To improve the service of stores.C.To help supermarkets store foods.D.To help people test food freshness.13.What role does the smartphone play while PEGS are functioning?A.It acts as an electronic nose.B.It reads the data collected by PEGS.C.It helps p

37、rint the gas sensors onto paper.D.It discovers the spoilage gases from foods.14.What does Dr.Firat Guder say about use-by dates?A.They are not completely reliable.B.They can help reduce food waste.C.They are based on scientific research.D.They are not accepted by the consumers.15.What does the autho

38、r mainly talk about in the text?A.The process of researching spoilage sensors.B.A new technology in packaging to reduce food waste.C.The application of spoilage sensors beyond food processing.D.The influence of use-by dates on supermarkets and consumers.第二节（共第二节（共 5 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 1 10

39、0 分）分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项Tricks to fight post-holiday fatigueAfter any big event-a vacation,a wedding or the holidays-there can be a breakafter,says psychologistLinda Smith.Here,she shares her tips on fighting post-holiday-fatigue（疲劳）：Plan something to look forward to.Getting b

40、ack to daily boring work,especially in the darker days of winter,may cause seasonal upset to sink in._16_This will give your brain something positive to focus on and can helpovercome sadness and post-holiday tiredness.Organize your desk.Nothing can make you feel more stressed than staring at a mount

41、ain of paperwork uponreturning to the office.While its best to organize your desk before leaving for a holiday,take a couple of hours toclear your desk before settling in._17_Meditate(冥想).Taking a timeout to simply listen to your breath go in and out can re energize you.If youfind yourself feeling v

42、ery tired,take a five-minute break to breathe deeply or take a walk outdoors._18_Make a to-do list.Before stepping back into theoffice,make a to-do list to help focus your mind.That said,Smith warns against making a list the night before returning to the office._19_A lack of sleep will affect howyou

43、 feel and perform the next day,she says.Put up a new picture.Decorate your office with a new photo of your family or a trip you took during theholidays._20_And this will help improve your energy levels.A.Its back to your normal routine.B.You may find yourself feeling less energizedC.Starting with a

44、clean desk can help your mind focus on the tasks.D.Thats because it can then be difficult to turn off your brain and go to sleepE.Many studies have shown breathing in fresh air can help re energize the brain.F.To relieve these blues,walk into the office with a plan for a party or a challenge.G.You w

45、ill be reminded of the positive thoughts you had when you look at the picture.第二部分第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分语言运用（共两节，满分4545 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 2020 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项He could have placed it in a corner or could have sold it to a friend down the street or

46、a stranger on ashopping website._21_Dave Kellner,of Riegelsville,decided to share his beloved cello(大提琴)with a youngmusician with ability and ambition who didnt_22_one.On Friday,the 69-year-old man_23_the Easton Area Middle School to_24_present his cello to AnnaSmith,a seventh-grader who plays in th

47、e school orchestra(管弦乐队).Kellner_25_the cello nine years ago when he retired and decided to start a_26_.He spent two yearstrying to improve his skills,but the effects of arthritis(关节炎)made it_27_for him to go on practising.He could have_28_the cello to the districts music programme.But he wanted it

48、in the hands of atalented,serous-minded local_29_who couldnt afford to purchase a cello.Donna Palmer,director of theschool orchestra,said it was difficult to_30_after narrowing down the field to three worthystudents._31_,the instrument was given to a 13-year-old who says she hopes to_32_the cello fo

49、rthe rest of her life.Because of his kind act,Kellner will be able to experience the_33_of hearing it played at springmusical concert.And knowing she has another fan in the_34_could help keep Smith motivated to practiseand perhaps eventually_35_the cello.Kellners_36_to reach out and improve the life

50、 of a talented,young musician is_37_.A goodcello can cost roughly$2,000.Thats a high_38_for many poor families.In the hands of a child with talentand determination,it can_39_a life.Heres hoping that there are more Dave Kellners out there whounderstand the value of passing on a(n)_40_musical instrume