《过去分词好》PPT课件.ppt
《《过去分词好》PPT课件.ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《《过去分词好》PPT课件.ppt(80页珍藏版)》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、 GrammarThe Past Participle过去分词过去分词 过去分词是非谓语动词的一种过去分词是非谓语动词的一种形式形式,表示完成和被动的动作。它表示完成和被动的动作。它在句子中可以充当状语、定语、表在句子中可以充当状语、定语、表语和宾语补足语等成分。语和宾语补足语等成分。Past participle 若是及物动词(若是及物动词(vt)则表示被动;动作已经)则表示被动;动作已经完成(即先于谓语动词)完成(即先于谓语动词)若是不及物动词(若是不及物动词(vi)则只表示完成。)则只表示完成。如:如:a broken glass=a glass which has been broke
2、n a fallen leaf=a leaf which has fallen(down)一一.形式与含义形式与含义二二.过去分词的作用:过去分词的作用:Pastparticiplecanbeusedasadverbial,attribute,predicative&objectcomplement.1.1.过去分词做定语:过去分词做定语:表示分词动作与所修饰的名词之间存在被动表示分词动作与所修饰的名词之间存在被动关系。单一的过去分词做定语一般放在被修饰关系。单一的过去分词做定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前;过去分词短语做定语放在被修饰的名词之前;过去分词短语做定语放在被修饰的名词之后,过去分词及
3、过去分词短语做定语的名词之后,过去分词及过去分词短语做定语均可以转换为一个定语从句。均可以转换为一个定语从句。abrokenheart一颗破碎的心一颗破碎的心therisensun已经升起的太阳已经升起的太阳alostdog丧家之犬丧家之犬people addicted to drugsa school built for orphans过去分词作定语有前置和后置两种情况过去分词作定语有前置和后置两种情况:单个的过去分词作定语单个的过去分词作定语,通常放在被通常放在被修饰的名词之前修饰的名词之前,表示被动和完成意表示被动和完成意义。义。1).前置定语A.被动意义:被动意义:anhonoredg
4、uest一位受尊敬的客人一位受尊敬的客人(受伤的工人受伤的工人)arenowbeingtakengoodcareofinthehospital.B.完成意义完成意义aretiredteacher一位退休的教师一位退休的教师Theyarecleaning(落落叶叶)intheyard.The injured workersthe fallen leaves2).后置定语后置定语 过去分词短语作定语时过去分词短语作定语时,通常放在被通常放在被修饰的名词之后修饰的名词之后,它的作用相当于一个它的作用相当于一个定语从句。定语从句。Thiswillbethebestnovelofitskindeverw
5、ritten.=Whoweretheso-calledguestsinvited(=)toyourpartylastnight?that has ever been writtenwho had been invited如果被修饰的词是由如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时,即使一个单一的分词作形容词用,等时,即使一个单一的分词作形容词用,也要放在被修饰词的后面。也要放在被修饰词的后面。例如:例如:Isthereanythingunsolved?Thereisnothingchang
6、edheresinceIleftthistown.Nothingreported(inthenewspaper)interestedhim.注意注意:破损的窗户很快就会被换掉。破损的窗户很快就会被换掉。_willbereplacedsoon.=Thewindowwhichwasbrokenwillbereplacedsoon.昨天买的书确实不错。昨天买的书确实不错。Thebooks_areofhighquality.=thebookswhichwereboughtyesterdayareofhighquality.Thebrokenwindowboughtyesterday过去分词及过去分词短
7、语做定语均可以转换为过去分词及过去分词短语做定语均可以转换为一个含被动语态的定语从句。一个含被动语态的定语从句。完成下面句子:注意现分完成下面句子:注意现分,过分过分,不定式不定式的区别的区别1._(污染的污染的)airandwaterareharmfultopeopleshealth.2.Theproblem_(讨论的)(讨论的)yesterdaywasverydifficulttosolve.3.Theproblem_(正在讨论的正在讨论的)nowisveryimportant.4.Theproblem_(将讨论的将讨论的)isveryimportant.Polluteddiscussed
8、beingdiscussedto be discussed5.Iknowtheyoungmansleepingonthebench.(在进行在进行)=Iknowtheyoungmanwhoissleepingonthebench.6.Thelettermailedlastnightwillreachhimtomorrow.(已完成已完成)=Theletterwhichwasmailedlastnightwillreachhimtomorrow.Summary:不定时表示未发生或强调具体的动作。不定时表示未发生或强调具体的动作。V-ing表示正在发生的动作。表示正在发生的动作。过去分词表示完成、
9、被动的动作。过去分词表示完成、被动的动作。过去分词作定语时,所表示的动作在谓语所过去分词作定语时,所表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生表示的动作之前发生.The letter posted yesterday will soon reach him.They found a damaged car at the gate of the park.Aletterpostedtodaywillreachhimthedayaftertomorrow.今天发出的信后天就能收到。今天发出的信后天就能收到。过去分词短语有时亦可用作非限制性定过去分词短语有时亦可用作非限制性定语,前后常有逗号。语,前后常有
10、逗号。Someofthem,born and brought up in country villages,hadneverseenatrain.他们当中有一些人他们当中有一些人,生长在农村,从未见过生长在农村,从未见过火车。火车。A.firstplayedB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayingD.tobefirstplaying解析 过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系动宾关系且过去分词表示的动作已完成。且过去分词表示的动作已完成。现在分词作定语表示动作现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生正在发生,与修饰,与修饰词是词是主谓关系主谓关系。不定
11、式作定语表示不定式作定语表示将要发生将要发生的动作。的动作。firstplayedin776B.C.=whichwasfirstplayedin776B.C.1.TheOlympicGames,_in776B.C.didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.考点点拨考点点拨2.Whatsthelanguage_inGermany?A.speakingB.spokenC.bespokenD.tospeak简析简析:该题应选该题应选B。测试过去分词作。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动后置定语表达被动,等于定语从句等于定语从句whichisspoken。3.Mostofthe
12、artists_tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited简析简析:该题应选该题应选A。测试过去分词作。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动后置定语表达被动,等于定语从句等于定语从句whowereinvited。4.Thecomputercentre,_lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.A.openB.openingC.havingopenedD.opened简析简析:该题应选该题应选D。测试过去分词短语作。测试过去分
13、词短语作定语放在所修饰的名词后定语放在所修饰的名词后,可以用非限制可以用非限制性定语从句性定语从句“whichwasopenedlastyear”代替。代替。5.Thefirsttextbooks_forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written简析简析:该题应选该题应选D。测试过去分词作后置。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动定语表达被动,等于定语从句等于定语从句whichwerewritten。2.Doyouknowthe
14、nameoftheplay_inthehallnow?A.tobeputonB.beingputonC.putonD.puttingonCBAA4.Please dont forget him.He is one of _.A.those invited B.invited those C.those inviting D.inviting those3.I borrowed a book _ by Mark Twain from the library last week.I like it very much.A.written B.writing C.was written D.to w
15、rite1.Did you attend the meeting _yesterday?A.to be held B.having been held C.held D.being held1).过去分词与现在分词作状语的异同过去分词与现在分词作状语的异同过过去去分分词词表表完完成成、被被动动,与与主主句句主主语语之之间间是是被被动动关关系系;现现在在分分词词表表进进行行、主主动动,与与主主句句主主语语之之间间是是主主动动关关系系。如如果果一一个个被被动动的的动动作作发发生生在在谓谓语语动动词词之之前前,则则可可使使用用现现在在分分词词的的完完成被动式或过去分词。成被动式或过去分词。2).2)
16、.过去分词作时间状语过去分词作时间状语1.Whenitisheated,icewillbechangedintowater.Whenheated,icewillbechangedintowater.2.Whenitisseenunderamicroscope,afreshsnowflakehasadelicatesix-pointed.,afreshsnowflakehasadelicatesix-pointedshape.Seenunderamicroscope3).过去分词作原因状语过去分词作原因状语1.Since/Asshewasgivenadvicebythefamousdetecti
17、ve,theyoungladywasnolongerafraid.Givenadvicebythefamousdetective,theyoungladywasnolongerafraid.2.Becauseitwasdoneinahurry,hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes._,hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes.Doneinahurry4)过去分词作条件状语过去分词作条件状语1.Iftheyhadbeengivenmoreattention,thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter._,thecabbagescouldha
18、vegrownbetter.Givenmoreattention2.IfIamcomparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo._,westillhavealongwaytogo.Comparedwithyou5).作方式或作方式或伴随伴随情况状语情况状语1.Thehunterlefthishouse,followedbyhisdog.Thehunterlefthishouse,andhewasfollowedbyhisdog.2.Shesatbythewindow,lostinthought.Shesatbythewindow,andshewaslostinth
19、ought.1)过去分词在句子中可以作时间状语、过去分词在句子中可以作时间状语、原因状语、伴随状语、条件状语和原因状语、伴随状语、条件状语和让步状语等。让步状语等。2)过去分词作状语时过去分词作状语时,过去分词的逻辑过去分词的逻辑主语与句子主语有动宾关系。主语与句子主语有动宾关系。Summary过去分词作状语过去分词作状语:过去分词有两大特点:过去分词有两大特点:1.表示被动的动作;表示被动的动作;2.表示已经完成的动作。表示已经完成的动作。因此因此,当过去分词作状语的时候一定要记当过去分词作状语的时候一定要记清楚过去分词与主语的关系是被动清楚过去分词与主语的关系是被动,例如例如:Rewrit
20、ewithproperconjunctions1.Unitedwestand,dividedwefail.If we are united,we will stand,but if we are divided,we will fail.Example:2.Askedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.When he was asked what had happened,he told us about it.3.Wellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.Because
21、he was well known for his expert advice,he received many invitations to give lectures.4.Givenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.If we were given more time,we would be able to do the work much better.5.OncetranslatedintoChinese,thebookbecameverypopularamongChineseteenagers.Once it was transl
22、ated into Chinese,the book became very popular among Chinese teenagers.6.Deeplyinterestedinmedicine,shedecidedtobecomeadoctor.Because she was deeply interested in medicine,she decided to become a doctor.7.Leftaloneathome,Samdidnotfeelafraidatall.Although he was left alone at home,Sam did not feel af
23、raid at all.用过去分词作状语来改写句子。用过去分词作状语来改写句子。1.AsIwasworriedaboutthejourney,2.Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays._,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.Worriedaboutthejourney2.Ifheisgiventime,hellmakeafirst-classtennisplayer._,hellmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.3)AsIwasconfusedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelack
24、offreshair._,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.GiventimeConfusedbythenewsurroundings4)Whenhewasquestionedbythepoliceaboutthefire,hebecametense._ _ _,hebecametense.Questionedbythepoliceaboutthefire1.Followingtheoldman,wewentupstairs.wefollowed(跟着那个老人跟着那个老人,我们上去了我们上去了)2.Followedbytheoldman,wewentupstairs.(we
25、were)(被那个老人跟着被那个老人跟着,我们上去了我们上去了)Compare3.从上面看从上面看,体育场好像一个鸟巢。体育场好像一个鸟巢。_fromthetop,thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest.A.SeeingB.Seen4.从太空看从太空看,宇航员看不到长城。宇航员看不到长城。_fromthespace,theastronautcannotdiscovertheGreatWall.A.SeeingB.Seen6.When_ifshewouldrequestarise,theactresssaidthatmoneywasnotimportant.A.askedB.a
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 过去分词好 过去 分词 PPT 课件
限制150内