高中英语一轮复习 任务型阅读课件.pptx

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1、Task-based Task-based readingreadingMain points:填词四步：填词四步：1.充分利用表格信息，快速精确定位本题在文中充分利用表格信息，快速精确定位本题在文中的的答案句。答案句。2.根据信息源确定本题的根据信息源确定本题的词意。词意。3.根据表格确定本题根据表格确定本题词性。词性。4.根据表格确定是否需要根据表格确定是否需要词形变化。词形变化。江江苏英语高考苏英语高考71.People select news in expectation of a reward.This reward may be either of two kinds.One is

2、 related to what Freud calls the Pleasure Principle,the other to what he calls the Reality Principle.For want of better names,we shall call these two classes immediate reward and delayed reward.Division ofnews stories People expect to get 71 from reading news.News stories are roughly divided into tw

3、o classes.Some news will excite their readers instantly while others wont.rewards/rewarded答案句答案句找信息源找信息源信息源信息源答案源答案源 News of the first kind pays its rewards at once.73.A reader can enjoy an indirect experience without any of the dangers or stresses involved.He can tremble wildly at an axe-murder,sha

4、ke his head sympathetically and safely at a hurricane,identify himself with the winning team,laugh understandingly at a warm little story of children or dogs.72.Explanatoinof the two classes News of immediate reward will seemingly take their readers to the very frightening scene without actual （73）i

5、nvolvement.Readers will associate themselves closely with what happens in the news stories and（74）sharesimilar feelings with those involved.答案源答案源信息源信息源 News of the second kind,however,pays its rewards later.75.It sometimes requires the reader to tolerate unpleasantness or annoyance as,for example,w

6、hen he reads of the threatening foreign situation,the mounting national debt,rising taxes,falling market,scarce housing,and cancer.It has a kind of“threat value.”76.It is read so that the reader may be informed and prepared.79When a reader selects delayed reward news,he pulls himself into the world

7、of surrounding reality to which he can adapt himself only by hard work.When he selects news of the other kind,he usually withdraws from the world of threatening reality toward the dream world.77 News of delayed reward will make readers suffer,or present（75）threat to them.News of delayed reward will

8、induce the reader to（76）prepare for the reality while news of immediate reward will lead the reader to（77）withdraw from the reality.What readers expect from news stories are largely shaped by their（78）intention Serious readers will both get excited over what happens in some news stories and（79）adapt

9、 themselves to the reality.Thus,the division,on the whole,（80）depends on the reader.7575信息源信息源75答案源答案源充分利用表格充分利用表格信息源信息源，定位答案在原文中的定位答案在原文中的句子句子conclusion:Two Suppestionsfor governments 1.poor and developing nations vaccines that help to prevent some cancer-causing infections.2.tobacco-control progra

10、ms more and 3.in cancer research and early detection.The American Cancer Society says governments can do things to help prevent the increase in cancer cases and deaths.One idea is to provide poor and developing nations with vaccines that help to prevent some cancer-causing infections.Another suggest

11、ion is more support for tobacco-control programs.And the Cancer Society also says health officials and governments should invest in cancer research and early detection.Give/Offer Support invest3信息源信息源答案句找信息源Practice2信息源信息源1信息源信息源 For any individual,of course,the boundaries of these two classes are n

12、ot stable.For example,a sociologist may read news of crime as a social problem,rather than for its immediate reward.A coach may read a sports story for its threat value:he may have to play that team next week.A politician may read an account of his latest successful public meeting,not for its delaye

13、d reward,but very much as his wife reads an account of a party.In any given story of corruption or disaster,a thoughtful reader may receive not only the immediate reward of indirect experience,but also the delayed reward of information and preparedness.Therefore,while the division of categories hold

14、s in general,an individuals tendency may transfer any story from one kind of reading to another,or divide the experience between the two kinds of reward.What news stories do you read?Unstable boundariesof the two classes What readers expect from news stories are largely shaped by their（78）.professio

15、n(s)/intention一一.concludingAdvantagesDeveloping economyAdvancing of local peopleIncrease employment_Having a bad effect on other Bringing over crowdednessIncrease pressure on trafficDisadvantages Without proper planning,tourism can cause problemsFor example，too many tourists can crowd public places

16、that are also enjoyed by the inhabitants of a countryIf tourists create too much traffic，the inhabitants become annoyed and unhappyThey begin to dislike tourists and to treat them impolitely Practice_The programme is intended to prevent accidental injuries and deaths.Because six out of every 10 acci

17、dental deaths happen to Chinese children who are playing,Shanghai Johnson&Johnson Pharmaceutical(SJJP),a US-based pharmaceutical giant,is working on a Safe Kids Program to prevent injuries and deaths.Purpose/IntentionTitle:Safe kids programPractice表原因表原因reason(for)；cause(of)表概括、总结表概括、总结summary；concl

18、usion表目的表目的purpose；aim；goal表特点表特点feature；characteristic；character表种类表种类kind；type；category；class；form表评论、评价表评论、评价comment(on)；remark(on/upon)；assessment(of)表方式、方法表方式、方法means；way；method；approach(to doing sth.)表问题表问题problem；question；issue表建议表建议suggestion；advice；tip确定词义确定词义(2）反义词转换反义词转换 (1)同义词转换同义词转换(4)概

19、括概括 (3)句意的转换句意的转换确确定定词词义义1be hooked on=be addicted to6every year=annually=yearly2 despite=in spite of7be tired out=be exhausted3be better than=be superior to8out of the questionimpossibleless likely4approve of=subscribe to9preparemake preparations forget ready for5 take in=absorb10respect sb.show re

20、spect for sblook up to sbbe respectful to sb二二、近义词近义词 用同义词替换，仅限一词用同义词替换，仅限一词1.Most workers were in favor of the decision.2.Her dress doesnt go with her hair.3.I cant put up with his behavior.4.He left for a variety of reasons.5.The meeting has been put off.supportedmatchtolerate/bear/standdelayed/po

21、stponedvarious注意：时态，语态，主谓一致，大小写注意：时态，语态，主谓一致，大小写Practice The future of after-school programs is promising,but how to design and run the programs is very important.In short,although after-school programs have a promising future,how they are designed and run .A.helps B.contributes C.matter D.matters P

22、ractice三三.反义词（反义词（AntonymAntonym）1.He didnt pass the final exam He the final exam2.On the one hand,in case of infants,they spent more time in the active sleep than in the deep sleep Deep sleep:Babied spend time in deep sleep than in the active sleep3.Because of the economic crisis,many people had to

23、 look for a temporary job.The economic crisis made it hard to find a job.Practice failedlesspermanent前缀前缀意义意义单词单词in不，非，相反不，非，相反dis-不，非，相反不，非，相反im不，无，非不，无，非mis-错；不，无错；不，无un-不，不，非，非，相反相反 ir/il-Try to come up with as many words as you can5 4 3 2 1You should accept the failure that has happened.The most

24、 successful people in life have all failed.Admit the fact that failure is .unavoidedPractice四四.句意转换（句意转换（paraphraseparaphrase）30%said their working hours were too long and inflexible.30%said they too much time in the office and the working hours were inflexible.1.Be sure to drink sports drinks and w

25、ater so as not to make your body lose too much water.Drink sports drinks and water to your body from losing too much water.2.Men does not live longer than women in general.Men have shorter life with women in general3.It took him two hours to finish the task.It was two hours he finished the task.注意：固

26、定短语，固定句型注意：固定短语，固定句型prevent/stop/keepcomparedbeforespentAn annual report on_ casesthe number of criminal cases has a(2)_ dropmain types of crimes people were advised to(8)_taking a large amount of cash.The ministry warned that thefts and robberies inside or near banks rose rapidly,with the victims m

27、ostly women and elderly people.（另选它词释义）（另选它词释义）It advised people not to take large amount of cash while traveling,especially during the approaching Spring Festival season,which always witnesses a large number of crimes.avoidPractice1.We visited an old temple dated from the Ming Dynasty.2.In the past

28、,churches would open their“alms box”,with its contents distributing to members of the community.3.The coming 2010 Spring Festival transportation peak season will begin from Jan.25 and end on Mar.6,lasted 40 days.4.He found himself seating next to the professor.datingdistributedlastingseated/sitting注

29、意：注意：词形词形structure change(非谓语，被动，主谓一致非谓语，被动，主谓一致)Judge which place is wrong concerning the structure.Change the following into noun formsdevelopinventstronghonestdecideablekind常用的前缀和后缀（常用的前缀和后缀（suffix and prefix）Change the following into verb formsStrength pure organ creation cycleChange the followi

30、ng into verb formsStrength pure organ creation cycle(again)strengthen purify organize create recycle1.We visited an old temple dated from the Ming Dynasty.2.In the past,churches would open their“alms box”,with its contents distributing to members of the community.3.The coming 2010 Spring Festival tr

31、ansportation peak season will begin from Jan.25 and end on Mar.6,lasted 40 days.4.He found himself seating next to the professor.datingdistributedlastingseated/sitting注意：注意：词形词形structure change(非谓语，被动，主谓一致非谓语，被动，主谓一致)Judge which place is wrong concerning the structure.agreementagreement上下上下一致一致 In t

32、he arrival statement,Wen said he is looking forward to the meeting with Singapore on ways to deepen East Asia cooperation between two nations so as to contribute to the building of a peaceful,harmonious relationship.The significance of the visit East Asia cooperation between two nations_ to the esta

33、blishment of a peaceful,harmonious relationshipContributingPracticeDeepeningChange the following into noun formsdevelopinventstronghonestdecideablekinddevelopmentinventionstrengthhonestydecisionabilitykindness注意：常用的前缀和后缀（注意：常用的前缀和后缀（suffix and prefix）Title:Disgust leads to cheating;Cleanliness Promo

34、tes Ethical Behavior In turn,the researchers found that cleansing behaviors keep the self-serving effects of disgust to a minimum.If you can make people think of cleaning products,the likelihood of cheating also goes away.People dont know it,but these small emotions are constantly affecting them.Cle

35、aning behaviors 74 _ the self-serving effect of disgust.minimizeSteps and methods of doing task-based reading(通读，细读，复读通读，细读，复读)1.读大意读大意2.找答案句找答案句 3.确定词意确定词意4.词形词形5.确定确定词性6.检查核对检查核对 书写规范 单复数 大小写拼写正确consolidationFill in the blanks using proper words Following one million middle-aged women in Britain f

36、or 10 years,a study finds that the widely held view that happiness enhances health and longevity is unfounded.The results come from the so-called Million Women Study,which took on women aged 50 to 69 from 1996 to 2001,and tracked them with questionnaires and official records of death and hospital ad

37、missions.The questionnaires asked how often the women felt happy,in control,relaxed and stressed,and also instructed them to rate their health and list ailments like high blood pressure,diabetes,depression or anxiety.When the answers were analyzed statistically,unhappiness and stress were not associ

38、ated with an increased risk of death.It is not clear whether the findings apply to men.Professor Peto said particularly important data came from 500,000 women who reported that they were in good health,with no history of heart disease,cancer,or stroke.A minority of these healthy women said they were

39、 stressed or unhappy,he said,but over the next decade they were no more likely to die than were the women who were generally happy.“This finding refutes（驳斥）the large effects of unhappiness and stress on deathrate that others have claimed,”Dr.Peto said.Unhappiness itself may not affect health directl

40、y,but it can do harm in other ways,by driving people to suicide,alcoholism or other dangerous behaviors,he warned.This type of study,in which people involved depends on their self-assessments,is not considered as reliable as a designed experiment where people involved are picked at random and assign

41、ed to a treatment or control group.But the huge number of people in this study gives it power.Still,some observers noted that measuring emotions is more nuanced（细微的）and complex than simply declaring happiness or unhappiness.“I would have liked to see more discussion of how people translate these com

42、plicated feelings into a self-report of happiness,”said Baruch Fischhoff,a psychologist at Carnegie Mellon University.The results of earlier studies have been mixed,with some finding that unhappiness causes illness and others showing no link,Dr.Fischhoff said.“It looks to me like people have collect

43、ed a lot of data without finding a clear signal,”he said.However,an editorial accompanying the study in The Lancet noted that it had the largest population so far in happiness studies and praised its statistical methods.Professor Peto said he doubted whether the new study would change many minds bec

44、ause beliefs about the risks of unhappiness are so rooted.“People are still going to believe that stress causes heart attacks,”he said.“This finding refutes（驳斥）the large effects of unhappiness and stress on deathrate that others have claimed,”Dr.Peto said.Unhappiness itself may not affect health dir

45、ectly,but it can do harm in other ways,by driving people to suicide,alcoholism or other dangerous behaviors,he warned.This type of study,in which people involved depends on their self-assessments,is not considered as reliable as a designed experiment where people involved are picked at random and as

46、signed to a treatment or control group.But the huge number of people in this study gives it power.Still,some observers noted that measuring emotions is more nuanced（细微的）and complex than simply declaring happiness or unhappiness.“I would have liked to see more discussion of how people translate these

47、 complicated feelings into a self-report of happiness,”said Baruch Fischhoff,a psychologist at Carnegie Mellon University.The results of earlier studies have been mixed,with some finding that unhappiness causes illness and others showing no link,Dr.Fischhoff said.“It looks to me like people have col

48、lected a lot of data without finding a clear signal,”he said.However,an editorial accompanying the study in The Lancet noted that it had the largest population so far in happiness studies and praised its statistical methods.Professor Peto said he doubted whether the new study would change many minds

49、 because beliefs about the risks of unhappiness are so rooted.“People are still going to believe that stress causes heart attacks,”he said.TopicHappiness Doesnt(71)necessarily Bring Good Health(72)Subjects/Participants of the researchOne million women aged 50 to 69(73)Procedure/Steps of the research

50、Track the women with questionnaires.Keep official records of deaths and hospital admission.Make statistical(74)analyses _of the answers.Results of the researchIt lacks basis that unhappy people(75).tend to suffer mortality more easily.Unhappiness may(76)_account/make for some dangerous behavior.Whet