最新初中英语常用固定搭配.pdf

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1、初中英语常用固定搭配初中英语常用固定搭配初中英语常用固定搭配初中英语常用固定搭配由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理：由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理：动词动词+介词介词 1 1look atlook at看看，look like look like 看上去像看上去像，look after look after 照料照料 2 2listen tolisten to听听3 3welcome towelcome to欢送到欢送到4 4say hello to say hello to 向向问好问好5 5speak tospeak to对对说话说话此类短语相当于及物动词，

2、此类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须带宾语，其后必须带宾语，但宾语无论是名词还是但宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。代词，都要放在介词之后。动词动词+副词副词“动词动词+副词所构成的短语义分为两类：副词所构成的短语义分为两类：A A动词动词vt.vt.+副词副词1 1put onput on 穿上穿上 2 2take offtake off 脱下脱下 3 3write downwrite down 记下记下此类短语可以带宾语，此类短语可以带宾语，宾语假设是名词，宾语假设是名词，放在副词前后皆可；放在副词前后皆可；宾语假宾语假设是人称代词，只能放在副词的前面。设是人称代词，只能放在副词的前面

3、。B B动词动词vi vi+副词副词1 1come oncome on 赶快赶快 2 2get upget up 起床起床 3 3go homego home 回家回家4 4come income in 进来进来 5 5sit downsit down 坐下坐下 6 6stand upstand up 起立起立此类短语属于不及物动词，不可以带宾语。此类短语属于不及物动词，不可以带宾语。其它类动词词组其它类动词词组 1.close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to work/class1.close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to

4、 work/class4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games10.play games10.play games介词短语聚焦介词短语聚焦“介词介词+名词名词/代词所构成的短语称为介词短语。现将代词所构成的短语称为介词短语。现将Unitsl-16Unitsl-16 常常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。用的介

5、词短语按用法进行归类。1 1in+in+语言语言/颜色颜色/衣帽等，表示使用某种语言或穿着衣帽等，表示使用某种语言或穿着。2 2in+Row/Team/Class/Gradein+Row/Team/Class/Grade等，表示等，表示“在在排排/队队/班级班级/年级等。年级等。3 3in the morning/afternoon/evening/in the morning/afternoon/evening/表示表示“在上午在上午/下午下午/黄黄昏等一段时间。昏等一段时间。4 4in the desk/pencil-box/bedroomin the desk/pencil-box/be

6、droom 等表示等表示“在书桌在书桌/铅笔盒铅笔盒/卧卧室里。室里。5 5in the treein the tree表示表示“在树上在树上(非树本身所有非树本身所有)；on the treeon the tree表示表示“在树上在树上(为树本身所有为树本身所有)。6 6in the wallin the wall 表示表示“在墙上凹陷进去；在墙上凹陷进去；on the wallon the wall 表示表示“在在墙上指墙的外表。墙上指墙的外表。7 7at workat work在工作在工作/at school/at school上学上学/at home/at home在家应注在家应注意此

7、类短语中无意此类短语中无 thethe。8 8at+at+时刻表示钟点。时刻表示钟点。9 9like this/thatlike this/that 表示方式，意为表示方式，意为“像像这这/那样。那样。1010ofof 短语表示所属关系。短语表示所属关系。7 7WhatWhat aboutabout？/How/How aboutabout？意为？意为“怎么样？是用来询问怎么样？是用来询问或征求对方的观点、意见、看法等。或征求对方的观点、意见、看法等。aboutabout 为介词，其后须接名词、为介词，其后须接名词、代词或代词或 V-ingV-ing 等形式。等形式。8 8ItsIts time

8、time toto do/do/ItsIts timetime forfor sth.sth.意为意为“该做该做的时间了，的时间了，其中其中 toto 后须接原形动词，后须接原形动词，forfor 后可接名词或后可接名词或 V-ingV-ing 形式。形式。9 9like to do sth./like doing sth.like to do sth./like doing sth.意为意为“喜欢做某事，喜欢做某事，前一种句前一种句型侧重具体的一次性的动作；后一种句型侧重习惯性的动作。型侧重具体的一次性的动作；后一种句型侧重习惯性的动作。1010a ask sb.(not)to do sth

9、.sk sb.(not)to do sth.意为意为“让某人让某人(不要不要)做某事，其中做某事，其中ask sb.ask sb.后应接动词不定式，后应接动词不定式，1111show sb.sth./show sth.to do.show sb.sth./show sth.to do.意为意为“把某物给某人看，把某物给某人看，该句型的用法同前面第该句型的用法同前面第 2 2 点。点。1212introduceintroduce sb.sb.toto sb.sb.意为意为“把某人介绍给另一人；把某人介绍给另一人；introduceintroduceto sb.to sb.那么是那么是“向某人作介

10、绍。向某人作介绍。重点短语快速复习重点短语快速复习1.kinds of1.kinds of 各种各样的各种各样的2.eitheror2.eitheror或者或者或者或者，不是，不是就是就是3.neithernor3.neithernor既不既不也不也不4.Chinese tea without,anything in it4.Chinese tea without,anything in it 中国清茶中国清茶5.take a seat5.take a seat 就坐就坐6.home cooking6.home cooking 家常做法家常做法7.be famous for7.be famou

11、s for 因因而著名而著名8.on onesway to8.on onesway to 在在途中途中9.be sick/ill in hospital9.be sick/ill in hospital 生病住院生病住院10.at the end of10.at the end of 在在的尽头，在的尽头，在的末尾的末尾11.wait for11.wait for 等待等待12.in time12.in time 及时及时13.make ones way to13.make ones way to往往艰难地走去艰难地走去14.just then14.just then 正在那时正在那时15.f

12、irst of all15.first of all 首先，第一首先，第一16.go wrong16.go wrong 走错路走错路17.be/get lost17.be/get lost 迷路迷路18.make a noise18.make a noise 吵闹，喧哗吵闹，喧哗19.get on19.get on 上车上车20.get off20.get off 下车下车21.stand in line21.stand in line 站队站队22.waiting room22.waiting room 候诊室，候车室候诊室，候车室23.at the head of23.at the hea

13、d of在在的前头的前头24.laugh at24.laugh at 嘲笑嘲笑25.throw about25.throw about 乱丢，抛散乱丢，抛散26.in fact26.in fact 实际上实际上27.at midnight27.at midnight 在半夜在半夜28.have a good time=enjoy oneself28.have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得愉快玩得愉快29.quarrel with sb.29.quarrel with sb.和某人吵架和某人吵架30.take ones temperature30.take ones

14、temperature 给某人体温给某人体温31.have/get a pain in31.have/get a pain in某处疼痛某处疼痛32.have a headache32.have a headache 头痛头痛3333.as soon as.as soon as 一一就就34.feel like doing sth.34.feel like doing sth.想要干某事想要干某事35.stopfrom doing sth.35.stopfrom doing sth.阻止阻止干某事干某事36.fall asleep36.fall asleep 入睡入睡37.again and

15、again37.again and again 再三地，反复地再三地，反复地38.wake up38.wake up 醒来，叫醒醒来，叫醒39.instead of39.instead of 代替代替40.look over40.look over 检查检查41.take exercise41.take exercise 运动运动42.had better(not)do sth.42.had better(not)do sth.最好不要干某事最好不要干某事43.at the weekend43.at the weekend 在周末在周末44.on time44.on time 按时按时45.o

16、ut of45.out of 从从向外向外46.all by oneself46.all by oneself 独立，单独独立，单独47.lots of=a lot of47.lots of=a lot of 许多许多48.no longer/more=notany longer/more48.no longer/more=notany longer/more 不再不再49.get back49.get back 回来，取回回来，取回50.sooner or later50.sooner or later 迟早迟早51.run away51.run away 逃跑逃跑52.eat up52.e

17、at up 吃光，吃完吃光，吃完53.run after53.run after 追赶追赶54.take sth.with sb.54.take sth.with sb.某人随身带着某物某人随身带着某物5555.take(good)care of=look after(well).take(good)care of=look after(well)好好照顾，照料好好照顾，照料56.think of56.think of 考虑到，想起考虑到，想起57.keep a diary57.keep a diary 坚持写日记坚持写日记58.leave one by oneself58.leave one

18、 by oneself 把某人单独留下把某人单独留下59.harder and harder59.harder and harder 越来越厉害越来越厉害60.turn on60.turn on 翻开电灯、收音机、煤气等翻开电灯、收音机、煤气等61.turn off61.turn off 关关重温重点句型重温重点句型1 1So+beSo+be助动词情牵动词主语助动词情牵动词主语前面陈述的肯定情况也适于另一人物时，常用到这种倒装结构，前面陈述的肯定情况也适于另一人物时，常用到这种倒装结构，表示表示“另一人另一人 物物 也如此。也如此。前面陈述的否认情况也适于另一人前面陈述的否认情况也适于另一人

19、物物时，常用时，常用“Neither/Nor+be“Neither/Nor+be 助动词情态动词助动词情态动词+主语这种主语这种倒装结构。倒装结构。注意：注意：“So+“So+主语主语+be+be助动词情态动词助动词情态动词 这一句型常用于表示赞这一句型常用于表示赞同，进一步肯定对方的看法，表示同，进一步肯定对方的看法，表示“确实如此。确实如此。“是呀。是呀。2 2Turn rightTurn rightleft at the firstleft at the firstsecondsecondcrossing.crossing.这一指路的句型意为这一指路的句型意为“在第一二在第一二个十字路口

20、向右左拐。个十字路口向右左拐。相相当于当于 Take the firstTake the first secondsecondturning on thturning on therighterightleft.left.3 3It takes sbIt takes sbsome time to do sthsome time to do sth此句型表示此句型表示“干某事花了某人一段时间。其中的干某事花了某人一段时间。其中的 it it 是形式主语，后是形式主语，后面的动词不定式短语才是真正的主语面的动词不定式短语才是真正的主语.4 4thinkthinkfind+it+adj.+to do

21、 sth.find+it+adj.+to do sth.此句型中的此句型中的 it it 是形式宾语，不可用其它代词替代，形容词作宾语的是形式宾语，不可用其它代词替代，形容词作宾语的补足语，后面的动词不定式短语才是真正的宾语。补足语，后面的动词不定式短语才是真正的宾语。5 5Whats wrong withWhats wrong with？此句型相当于此句型相当于 Whats the matter/trouble withWhats the matter/trouble with？后跟某物作宾？后跟某物作宾语时，语时，意为意为“某物出什么毛病了？后跟某人作宾语时，某物出什么毛病了？后跟某人作宾

22、语时，意为意为“某人怎某人怎么了？么了？6 6toototooto在在 sothatsothat复合句中，复合句中，thatthat 后的句子是否认句时，常与简单句后的句子是否认句时，常与简单句toototooto太太而不能而不能进行句型转换。进行句型转换。在在 sothatsothat复合句中，复合句中，thatthat 后的句子是肯定句时，常与简单后的句子是肯定句时，常与简单句句enough toenough to进行句型转换进行句型转换.7 7Sorry to hear that.Sorry to hear that.全句应为全句应为 Im sorry to hear that.Im s

23、orry to hear that.意为意为“听到此事我很难过遗听到此事我很难过遗憾。常用于对别人的不幸表示同情、遗憾之意。憾。常用于对别人的不幸表示同情、遗憾之意。重点句型、词组大盘点重点句型、词组大盘点1.eg:She used to be a Chinese teacher.1.eg:She used to be a Chinese teacher.她过去是一位汉语老她过去是一位汉语老师。师。用法用法 used to+used to+动词原形，表示过去经常性的动作或存在的状态，动词原形，表示过去经常性的动作或存在的状态，含有现在不再如此之意。含有现在不再如此之意。搭配搭配 u used

24、to dosed to do的否认式可以是的否认式可以是 usednt to dousednt to do或或 didnt use todidnt use todo.do.比拟比拟 usedused toto dodo sth.sth.过去常做某事；过去常做某事；be/be/getget usedused toto doingdoing sth.sth.习惯于做某事；习惯于做某事；be used to do sth.be used to do sth.被用来做某事。被用来做某事。2.2.returnreturn it sooner or later.it sooner or later.迟早要

25、将它归还。迟早要将它归还。用法用法 l)sooner or later l)sooner or later 意为意为“迟早、迟早、“早晚。早晚。2)2)returnreturn 此处用作及物动词，意为此处用作及物动词，意为“归还，相当于归还，相当于 give back.give back.拓展拓展 returnreturn 还可用作不及物动词，意为还可用作不及物动词，意为“返回，相当于返回，相当于 go backgo back或或 come backcome back。3 3.No matter what the weather is likeNo matter what the weathe

26、r is like无论天气无论天气 用法用法 no matter whatno matter what 相当于相当于 whateverwhatever，其意为其意为“无论什么，引无论什么，引导状语从句。导状语从句。拓展拓展 类似类似 no matter whatno matter what 的表达方式还有：的表达方式还有：no matter whenno matter when 无论什么时候无论什么时候nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;no matter wherenbsp;nbsp;nbsp;no matter where 无论什么地方无论什么地方no matter whono matter w

27、ho 无论谁无论谁no matter howno matter how 无论怎么样无论怎么样4 4.A young man practised speaking English with Mr.Green.A young man practised speaking English with Mr.Green.一位年经人与格林先生练习讲英语。一位年经人与格林先生练习讲英语。用法用法 practise doing sth.practise doing sth.表示表示“实践、练习做某事。实践、练习做某事。拓展拓展 practicepractice 名词，名词，“实践、实践、“实施、实施、“练习；

28、练习；putput a a planplan intointopracticepractice 实行某方案。实行某方案。5.eg:He encouraged everyone to take part in protecting our5.eg:He encouraged everyone to take part in protecting ourlakes,rivers,seas and oceans.lakes,rivers,seas and oceans.他鼓励大家参加保护我们的湖泊、河流和海洋的活动。他鼓励大家参加保护我们的湖泊、河流和海洋的活动。重点重点1)1)encouragee

29、ncourage 用作动词，意思是用作动词，意思是“鼓励、鼓励、“支持。支持。2)2)take part in“take part in“参加，常表示参加活动。参加，常表示参加活动。3)3)protectprotect 是动词，表示是动词，表示“防御、防御、“保护。保护。搭配搭配1)1)encourage sb.in sth.encourage sb.in sth.在某事上鼓励或支持某人在某事上鼓励或支持某人nbsp;encourage sb.to do sth.nbsp;encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人干某事鼓励某人干某事2)2)protect sh.from sth.

30、protect sh.from sth.使某人不受某事侵袭或伤害使某人不受某事侵袭或伤害6.eg:6.eg:to warn people about sharks in the water.to warn people about sharks in the water.警告人们警告人们留神水里的鲨鱼。留神水里的鲨鱼。用法用法 warnwarn 用作动词，意思是用作动词，意思是“警告、警告、“警戒。警戒。搭配搭配1)1)warn sb.+thatwarn sb.+that 从句从句2)2)warn sb.of sth.warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事警告某人某事3)3)warn sb

31、.to do sth.warn sb.to do sth.告诫某人做某事告诫某人做某事4)4)warn sb.against(doing)sth.warn sb.against(doing)sth.告诫某人留神某事告诫某人留神某事/不要做某事不要做某事常用动词短语常用动词短语1.1.have:have:eg:have a coldcoughfeverheadachepaineg:have a coldcoughfeverheadachepainhave a great effect onhave a great effect onhave a good timehave a good time

32、have a matchmeetingdiscussionhave a matchmeetingdiscussionhad better do sthhad better do sthhave no choice but to do sthhave no choice but to do sthhave a rest have onhave a rest have on2.2.make:make:eg:make a promiseeg:make a promisemake a decisionmake a decisionmake room formake room formake sense

33、make sensemake use ofmake use ofmake a facemake a facemake an effort to do sthmake an effort to do sthmake a livingmake a livingmake up ones mind to do sthmake up ones mind to do sthmake a mistakemake a mistakemake a noisemake a noisemake a speechmake a speechmake an apologymake an apologymake it a

34、rulemake it a rulemake itmake itmake intomake intomakemakeout ofout ofmake upmake upmake ofmake ofmake frommake frommake a callmake a call3.3.take:take:eg:take a seateg:take a seattake a message fortake a message fortake an interest intake an interest intake offtake offtake on(a new look)take on(a n

35、ew look)take overtake overtake steps to dotake steps to dotake some measures to do sthtake some measures to do sthtake caretake caretake chargetake chargetake part intake part intake placetake placetake the place oftake the place oftake turns to do sthtake turns to do sthtake medicinetake medicineta

36、ke uptake up4.4.go:go:eg:go coldeg:go coldgo hungrygo hungrybe gonebe gonego dadgo dadwant a gowant a gogo skatingfishingshoppingswimminggo skatingfishingshoppingswimminggo on doing sthgo on doing sthgo on to do sthgo on to do sthgo on with sthgo on with sthgo downgo downgo wellgo wellgo headgo head

37、go outgo outgo overgo overgo againstgo againstgo withoutgo withoutgo on a picnicgo on a picnicgo throughgo through5.5.get:get:eg:get down to doing stheg:get down to doing sthget hurtmarrieddressedcaughtget hurtmarrieddressedcaughtget overget overget offget offget ready forget ready forget upget upge

38、t inget inget throughget throughget on well withget on well withget togetherget togetherget in to the habit of doingget in to the habit of doingget used to doing sthget used to doing sthget rid of get tired ofget rid of get tired of6.6.put:put:eg:put oneg:put onput forwardput forwardput offput offpu

39、t output output upput upput on weightput on weightput awayput awayput downput down7.7.play:play:eg:play an important part ineg:play an important part inplay an important role inplay an important role inplay footballplay footballplay the pianoplay the piano8.8.keep:keep:eg:keep backeg:keep backkeep i

40、n touch withkeep in touch withkeep offkeep offkeep outkeep outkeep ones promisekeep ones promisekeep upkeep upkeep up withkeep up withkeep sb from doingkeep sb from doingkeep on doingkeep on doingkeep orderkeep order9.9.give:give:eg:give awayeg:give awaygive outgive outgive offgive offgive upgive up

41、give ingive ingive some advice ongive some advice ongive a talk on sthgive a talk on sthgive first aidgive first e:e:eg:come abouteg:come aboutcome acrosscome acrosscome oncome oncome outcome outcome to oneselfcome to oneselfcome truecome truecome upcome up11.bring:11.bring:eg:bring downeg:bring dow

42、nbring inbring inbring upbring upbring alongbring along12.break:12.break:eg:break downeg:break downbreak outbreak outbreak away frombreak away frombreak upbreak upbreak intobreak intobreak offbreak offbreak inbreak in13.turn:13.turn:eg:turn downeg:turn downturn to sbturn to sbturn intoturn intoturn

43、offturn offturn inturn inturn overturn overturn againstturn againstturn awayturn awayturn onturn onturn upturn uptuturn out torn out to14.look:14.look:eg:look outeg:look outlook uplook uplook down uponlook down uponlook afterlook afterlook atlook atlook forlook forlook aroundlook aroundlook overlook

44、 overlook as iflook as iflook forward to doing sthlook forward to doing sthlook back uponlook back uponlook intolook intolook onlook on15.do:15.do:eg:do sb a favoureg:do sb a favourdo updo updo ones hairdo ones hairdo a good deeddo a good deeddo wrongdo wrong1.1.弄清词语自身结构用法做题时往往仅限于依据词语的中文含义，弄清词语自身结构用

45、法做题时往往仅限于依据词语的中文含义，简简单对照。单对照。这样就造成了许多中文正确这样就造成了许多中文正确,而英语结构上的错误。而英语结构上的错误。如如“允许允许某人干某事，某人干某事，allow sb to do sthallow sb to do sth，而不可用做，而不可用做 agree sb to doagree sb to dosth.“sth.“同意干某事说同意干某事说 allowallow doingdoing sth.sth.而而 agreeagree 却应为却应为 agreeagree toto dodosth.sth.再如再如:“:“希望某人去干某事希望某人去干某事 exp

46、ectexpect sbsb toto dodo sth.sth.不可说为不可说为hopesbtodosth.“hopesbtodosth.“建议某人去干某事建议某人去干某事,说说 advise sb to do.advise sb to do.就不可就不可说是说是 suggestsuggest sbsb toto dodo sth.sth.这是根据动词自身的根本用法而决定的这是根据动词自身的根本用法而决定的。这些更需要学习中不断积累。这些更需要学习中不断积累。下面是一些常用动词的不同结构用法：下面是一些常用动词的不同结构用法：A.A.以以 下下 动动 词词 与与 不不 定定 式式 连连 用用

47、 即即affordaffordtotododosthsth.afford,agree,appear,arrange,ask,attempt,care,claim,d.afford,agree,appear,arrange,ask,attempt,care,claim,dare,decide,demand,desire,determine,expect,failhappen,are,decide,demand,desire,determine,expect,failhappen,help,help,hope,intend,learn,man-age,mean,need,offer,plan,pr

48、etend,prhope,intend,learn,man-age,mean,need,offer,plan,pretend,promise,refuse,seem,used,want,wishomise,refuse,seem,used,want,wishB.B.以以 下下 动动 词词 与与 动动 名名 词词 连连 用用 即即admit,advise,allowadmit,advise,allow,appreciate,avoid,cant,appreciate,avoid,canthelp,consider,delay,dreamof,enjoy,escape,excuse,feellik

49、e,fihelp,consider,delay,dreamof,enjoy,escape,excuse,feellike,finish,forbid,giveup,imagine,insiston,keep,mind,miss,nish,forbid,giveup,imagine,insiston,keep,mind,miss,order,persistin,practice,putoff,request,require,risk,stand,storder,persistin,practice,putoff,request,require,risk,stand,stop,suggestop,

50、suggestC.C.以以 下下 动动 词词 与与 不不 定定 式式 复复 合合 结结 构构 连连 用用 即即adviseadvise sbsb toto dodosth.advise,allow,ask,beg,callon,cause,consider,dependon,encsth.advise,allow,ask,beg,callon,cause,consider,dependon,encourage,expect,find,force,get,hate,instruct,invite,like,ourage,expect,find,force,get,hate,instruct,in