版初中英语语法之形容词与副词的比较级与最高级[1].doc.pdf

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1、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级一.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化方法如下(1)符合规则的：情况加法例all-taller-tallest词一 般 情 况以 e 结尾的词以“辅音+y”结尾的词直接加 -er;-est加 r;-st变 y 为 i 再加-er;-estnice-nicer-nicestdry-drier-driestheavy-heavier-heaviestthin-thinner-thinnestmore delicious以一个辅音字母结尾的词多音节和部分双音节单词辅音字母双写，再加 -er;-est在词前加 more;mostmost delicious(2)几个不规则的

2、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级如下表：原级比较级betterworsemorelessfarther/further最高级bestworstmostleastfarthest/furthestgood,wellbad,illmany,muchlittlefar二形容词和副词比较级的用法级别原比较程度同等程肯定形式表达方式和意义例句备注Art is as interestingAs+原级+as(像 一样)as music.Play as well as youcan.级度否English is not sonot+so(as)+原级+as(不如 那样)定形式difficult as science

3、.She does not studyso well as I do.不同程度（用于两者比较）比较级Jim is older比较级+than(比)than Luky.比较级前面可以加I like pork betterthan beef.much,far,even,still,a lot,a little,a bit 等比较级+and+比较级（越来越 ）程度加深The+比较级，the+比较级（越,越 ）最高程度The+最高级+of(in)(最)He is growing tallerand taller.He studies better andbetter.The more books sh

4、ereads,the better sheunderstand.Spring is the bestseason of the year.Lin Tao jumped(the)farthest of all.最高级（用于三者或三者以上）副词最高级前面的the 往往省略注意：有些形容词，如dead,empty,round,sure,woolen的限制，没有比较级。等受本身含义例题解析1.He is _ friends than I.A.much moreB.many more解析：后面有可数名词复数时，C.very moreD.too moremany 的比较级形式为many more 修饰。应

5、选 B.2.Which is the _ country,Japan or Australia?A.more developedB.more developing解析：两者比较用比较级，思3 There were _ shops in the city in 1982 than in 1990.A.littleB.fewC.fewerD.less解析：little不能修饰可数名词，两者比较需用比较级，4.If you are not free today,come another day _.A.tooB.soC.insteadD.yet而是做了后面C.most developedD.most

6、 developing表示 发达 用 developed,而 developing 是 发展中的 意所以应选C.解析：instead 作副词用时意为代替，顶替 ，表示前面的事情没做，的事。Instead 一般位于句首。应选5 He cant tell us _,I think.A.important anythingC.important somethingB.anything importantD.something important.C.解析：不定代词与形容词联用需后置，此应选 B否定句中应该用anything 而不是 something.因6.The Huang River is th

7、e second _ river in our country.A.longB.longerC.longestD.the longest 表示 第几大 应选 C.D.enough brightly要后置。应选B.解析：定冠词 the+序数词A.enough bright+形容词最高级7.The light in the office wasnt _for him to read.B.bright enoughC.brightly解析：enough 修饰名词时可前可后，A.luckily,badlyB.luck,hardly修饰形容词或副词时，8.There was an accident at

8、 the corner._,the girl wasnt _hurt.C.Lucky,heavilyD.Lucky,strongly解析：第一空修饰全句需用副词，第二空修饰形容词A.closeB.openC.closedD.,openedhurt 也要用副词，因此选 A.9.You must keep your eyes _ when you do eye exercises.解析:此处需用形容词做宾语补足语。应选 C.10.Five days has passed,but I havent finished half of the work._,A.alreadyB.stillC.tooD.

9、yet解析：already 与 yet 都可用于现在完成时态。与否定句。应选D.Already 常用于肯定句，而 yet 常用三形容词副词比较级最高级的其他用法（1）和冠词连用the 形容词原级v(复)，指一类人或物the 形容词比较级，指两者中“较 的”的那一个，eg.the younger of the two a/an形容词比较级 eg.The pen is expensive.I want a cheaper one.(a)most形容词最高级(2)相关结构“非常”eg.a most beautiful city1)原级比较：肯定句as.as .否,定句 not so/as.as.2)

10、比较句：比较级 than 或.more(less).than .The furniture in this shop is less beautiful than that in that shop.(注意代词 that 的用法)3)比较级 and比较级 或 more and more比较级“越来越 ”richer and richer,more and more interesting4)The more .,the more越.，“越”The more you look at the picture,the better youwill like it.5)比较级 than any oth

11、er n.（单）（适用于范围一致时）(all)other n.（复）any n.(单)（适用于范围不一致时）He is taller thanany other student/all other students in his class.any student in my class.6)倍数表达法。A is three(four,etc.)times the size(height,length etc.)of B.A is three(four,etc.)times as big(high,long,etc.)as B.A is three(four,etc.)times bigger

12、(higher,longer,etc.)than B.用 times 表倍数通常用于三倍以上，两倍可以用twice 或 double.The new building is four times the size(the height)of the old one.这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍（高三倍）。Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲比欧洲大三倍。Your school is three times bigger than ours.你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。7)more than 结构，其意往往是 rather than，可译为“是 而不是”

13、或颠倒词序译作“与其说是，不如说是”。That little girl is more tired than hungry.那个小姑娘是累了而不是饿了。She is more a mother than a wife 或 She is more of a mother than a wife.她是贤妻，更是良母。8)A is to B what C is to DA 和 B 的关系就像 C 和 D 的关系Air is to man what water is to fish.空气对于人类就像水和鱼的关系。9)no more than=only“只不过”，言其少not more than=at

14、most“不多于”，“至少”，指事实。如单音节使用比较级形式no more than 和 一样不 not more than 不比 更no less than=as much asno fewer than=as many as“多达”例：I have no more than five yuan in my pocket.I have not more than five yuan in my pocket.He is no richer than I.他和我一样穷。He is no less determined than you.我口袋里的钱只不过我口袋里的钱不多于5 元。5 元。他的决

15、心不亚于你。(no less determined than 等于“其决心不亚于你”，言其大)He is not less determined than you.他的决心不比你小。(not less determined than 等于“其决心不小于”，无言其大或小的含义)10)最高级 of/in/among.He is the tallest of the three/among them/in is class.四相关词语辨析1.very和 muchA）very 修饰形容词、副词的原级；much 修饰比较级；修饰动词用much 或 very much,eg.I very like Eng

16、lish.(B)表示状态的过去分词前用),因改为：I like English very much.very。a very frightened boy,a very tired child.一般的情况下，以-ed 结尾的分词多用much、very much/greatly等修饰。如：We were greatly/much shocked by the news about Tom.C)已转化为形容词的现在分词前用very。如：very interesting/worrying/excitingD）too 前用 much/far,不用 very。You are much/far/a lot

17、too nice.另外，在 too many/much,too few/little前用 far。We ve got far too many eggsand far too few egg cups.very,也不用 much.E)还有修饰词既不用eg.be well worth doing,be well above the tree2.so 和 suchA)so thatsuch that的区别。与so+形容词 /副词 +so+形容词 +a（n）+that单数可数名词+thatso+many/much/little/few+名词 +that such+a(n)+形容词+单数可数名词+th

18、atsuch+形容词 +不可数名词 +thatsuch+形容词 +复数名词 +thatsuch如：These are such little boys that they can注意：但当little表示 小 时用“”。hemselvestdresst.下列 so 的用法是错误的：so a difficult problem,so difficult problems,so hot weather。B)some/any/every/no/each/all/another/several/few/many/one/two+such+n.eg.no such word3.be too much+n

19、.be much too+adj.be too much for sb.对太过分了4.can t be too+adj.=can t be+adj.+enough 无论都不为“过”You can never be careful enough.=You can never be too careful.你越小心越好。练习与巩固选择最佳答案填空：1 Dont worry,sir.Im sure I can run _ to catch up with them.A.slowly enoughA.a few B.a littleB.enough slowly C.fast enough D.eno

20、ugh fastC.fewD.little2.The text is very easy for you.There are _ new words in it.3.Its such an _ film that all the students are _ in it.A.interesting;interestedB.interested;interestingC.interesting;interestingD.interested;interested;interestedD.late;late4.Mingming got up very _,so he came to school

21、half an hour _.A.late;latelyB.lately;lateC.lately;lately5.I am _ worried about y parents healthy conditions.A.some timesB.sometimeC.sometimes D.some times6.We dont have _ every day.A.a lot of school worksB.many school workC.any school works D.much schoolwork7.-Look!How fast the two horses are runnin

22、g!-Oh,yes!They are nearly _.A.up and downB.slower and slowerC.more or lessD.neck and neck8._ children there are in family,_ their life will be.A.The less;the betterB.The fewer;the betterC.Fewer;richerD.More;poorer9.Most of the people in Guangdong are getting _.A.more and more richB.more rich and mor

23、e richC.richer and richerA.difficultD.richer and richest10.Which lesson is _,this one or that one?B.much difficultC.more difficultD.the most difficult11.A _ accident happened at 7:30 a.m.said the policeman _.A.serious,seriousB.seriously,seriouslyC.seriously,seriousD.serious,seriously12._ is it from

24、our school to Lupu Bridge?A.How longB.How oftenC.How farD.How much13.In our city,it is _ in July,but it is even _ in August.A.hotter;hottestB.hot;hotC.hotter;hotD.hot;hotter14.This pencil is _ that one.A.so long asB.as longer as C.longer thanD.not as longest as15.The station is two kilometers _ the

25、hospital.A.away toB.far awayC.far fromD.away from16.Beijing has _ many buses that there is often a traffic jam in rush hours.A.so B.very C.too D.much17.This box is _ heavy _ I cant carry it.A.too,toB.so,thatC.very,thatD.too,that18.India has the second _ population in the world.A.largerB.mostC.smalle

26、stD.largest19.Mary received _ many postcards at Christmas.A.soB.suchC.tooD.even20.The cake smells _.Please throw it away.A.goodB.badlyC.badD.well21.-What was the weather like yesterday?-It was terrible.It rained so _ that people could _ go out.A.hardly hardB.hardly hardlyC.hard hardlyD.hard hard22.T

27、he meeting will be held in half an hour,but they havent got everything ready_.23.-What about the English novel?-Its not very difficult.There are only _ new words in it.A.fewB.a fewC.manyD.a little24.How beautiful she sings!Ive never heard _.A.the better voiceB.a good voiceC.the best voiceD.a better

28、voice25.Mr Smith always has_ to tell us.A.some good pieces of news B.some pieces of good news C.somegood piece of news D.some piece of good new 26.Im afraid theheadmaster is _ busy to meet the visitors.A.too much B.muchtoo C.so much D.very much27.-Dad,when will you be free?You agreed to go to the se

29、aside with me four days ago.-I am sorry,Jean.But I think I will have a _ holiday soon.A.four-daysA,well,bestA.windyA,tallestB.four-day C.four daysB.fine,the most famousB.lovelyB,the tallerC.rainyC.tallerD.four dayC.nice,better D.beautifully,the best28.The scenery in Sanya looks _,especially Tian Ya

30、Hai Jiao is _.29.What a _ day it is!Lets go out for a walk.D.cloudyD.the tallest30.Of the two Australian students,Masha is _ one.I think you can find her easily.Key1-5 CCADCCCADB6-10DDBCC11-15 DCDCD16-20 ABDAC 21-2526-30BBBBBHomework选择最佳答案填空：1.John told me that _A.hardlynothing important have ever h

31、appened.B.rarelyC.nearlyD.almost2.-Why don t you like the shirt?-Its neck is not big for me at all.Have you got a shirt of this kind with _ neck?3.-The temperature today is 10 below zero.-Oh,it s _cold.4.-Do you think him naughty enough?-I m afraid hes _than naughty.A.more cleverA.so useful a wayB.c

32、leverC.much clever D.much more clever5.Exercise is _as any other to lose unwanted weight.B.as a useful wayC.as useful a wayD.such a useful way6.-What s wrong?You seem restless.-I was reduced to paying _ price for it.A.double theB.double of theC.doubleD.double of7._,the boys were shouting and singing

33、.A.Happy and excitedC.To be happy and excitedA.no less thanA.not soonerB.Happily and excitedlyD.To be happily and excitedly s already finished _50%of the book in these three days.C.not more than8.I m glad to say that heB.no more thanD.much less thanD.no quickD.fewer9.I ll get there by six,if_.B.no s

34、oonerC.not more quicklyC.as few10.The US is about the same size as China,but its population is five times _.A.as littleB.smaller11.-Is this _book?-Yes,it s _whatafterI.mA.the very;justA.never againA.looking forwardB.the just;exactlyC.a very;justD.the right;only12.He has given up drinking.He drinks _

35、.B.not any moreB.hopedC.no more13.He hurried away,_to meet his old friend.C.anxiouslyC.much;big red14.Everything was very expensive.I didnD.once againD.eager t buy _fruit,but I ve got some _apples.A.any;big redB.any;red big15.-Are you going to the football game?A.very muchA.otherB.so muchB.furtherD.

36、some;red big-No,the tickets are _expensive for me.C.far tooC.anotherD.highlyD.more16.We ll have to wait a _two weeks to know the examination result.17.The little town has now grown into a modern big city,and is _ what it used to be.A.twice the size thanA.the illB.two times the size asC.twice the siz

37、e asD.twice the size ofC.the braveD.the rich18.The living carried away the dead and the healthy helped _.B.the wounded19.He likes going fishing.He usually uses a _.A.bamboo long fishing poleC.pole long bamboo and fishing20.He was the _at that moment.A.only awake personC.awake only personA.fairly too

38、;ratherA.so kindB.rather too;fairlyB.kind enoughB.long bamboo fishing poleD.bamboo fishing long poleB.only person awakeD.person only awakeC.fairly;rather tooC.enough kind21.I think his suggestion is _ bad,and that of yours is_ good.D.rather;fairly too22.Would you be _ to tell me he time by your watc

39、h?23.The winners are _children brought up in the country.D.very kindA.almostB.mostlyC.mostD.nearly24.The technical college education I playing an important part today and its role will be _important.A.no lessA.a part of oneC.part of oneA.Strange it isA.wellA.less richerB.no moreC.none the lessD.no m

40、ore s education as25.A few weeks spent in traveling can be just _classes in school.s education useful asB.as a useful part of one s education as useful D.a part of oneB.To be strangeB.warmly s education as useful asD.It was strange26._,the thief didn t take anything valuable but my notebook.C.Strang

41、ely enough27.His attitude towards me proved _.C.friendlyC.less richD.nicely28.She is _than her younger sister.B.not more rich29.-What do you think of the plan?A.strongD.not rich-I feel _that we ought to give it up at once.B.strongerC.stronglyD.it strong30.-Did you enjoy the movie last night?-Yes,I didnA.moreB.as t expect it _ wonderful.C.mostD.muchKeyDBCACAAAABACDCCBDBBBBBBADCCCCB