2021届高考英语(统考版)二轮备考小题提升练9语法填空专训含解析.pdf

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1、-1-2021 届高考英语（统考版）二轮备考小题提升练 小题必练 9：语法填空专训（2020全国 I 卷）China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon.The unmanned Change-4 probe(探测器)the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61 (touch)down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.Landing on the moo

2、ns far side is 62 (extreme)challenging.Because the moons body blocks direct radio communication with a probe,China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting)to scien

3、tists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形山),more so 65 the familiar near side.Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Change-4 66 (find)and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.“This really excites scientists,”Carle Pieters,a scientist at Brown University,says,“because it 6

4、7 (mean)we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 (construct).”Data about the moons composition,such as how 69 ice and other treasures it contains,could help China decide whether 70 (it)plans for a future lunar(月球的)base are practical.【答案】61.touched 62.extremely 63.where 64.inter

5、est 65.than 66.to find 67.means 68.is constructed 69.much 70.its【解析】本文为说明文。文章介绍了中国成功地将无人驾驶的嫦娥四号探测器发射至月球。61.考查动词。根据句子结构分析可知此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语 last week 可知此处应用一般过去时，故填 touched。62.考查形容词。根据句子成分分析可知此处需要用副词修饰形容词 challenging，故填 extremely。63.考查定语从句。分析句子可知，从句“it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth”

6、不缺主谓宾，缺状语，而先行词 spot 为地点，故填 where。64.考查名词。根据 be of+名词相当于形容词的结构，可知此处应用名词，故填 interest。65.考查介词。根据句子中 more 可知此处应该用比较级，故填 than。66.考查非谓语动词。此处应用不定式表示目的，故填 to find。67.考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，此处为陈述一般事实，故用一般现在时，且主语为 it，故填 means。68.考查时态语态和主谓一致。根据句子成分分析可知，此句同上一句的时态，且 moon 与 construct 为被动关系，故填 is constructed。69.考查固定搭配。h

7、ow much：多少，故填 much。-2-70.考查代词。分析句子可知，此处指它的计划，名词 plans 可知空格处应用 it 的形容词性物主代词，故填its。（2020山东卷）Many people have the hobby of collecting things,e.g.stamps,postcards or antiques.In the 18th and 19th centuries,36(wealth)people travelled and collected plants,historical objects and works of art.They kept thei

8、r collection at home until it got too big 37 until they died,and then it was given to a museum.The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane,for example,38(form)the core collection of the British Museum39 opened in 1759.The parts of a museum open to the public 40(call)galleries or rooms.Often,only

9、 a small part of a museums collection 41(be)on display.Most of it is stored away or used for research.Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors.As well as looking at exhibits,visitors can play with computer simulations(模拟)and imagine 42(they)living at a different time in hist

10、ory or 43(walk)through a rainforest.At the Jorvik Centre in York,the citys Viking settlement is recreated,and people experience the sights,sounds and smells of the old town.Historical 44(accurate)is important but so is entertainment.Museums must compete 45 peoples spare time and money with other amu

11、sements.Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.【答案】36.wealthy 37.or 38.formed 39.which/that 40.are called 41.is 42.themselves 43.walking 44.accuracy 45.for【解析】本文为一篇说明文，说明了博物馆的部分藏品的来源以及其面临的挑战。36.考查形容词。根据空格后的名词与所给提示词 wealth，判断此处需填形容词，故填 wealthy。37.考查连词。根据空格

12、前的 until it got too big 与空格后的 until they died，判断此处为选择关系，故填 or。38.考查时态。根据前文提到的时间状语 in the 18th and 19th centuries，判断此处需用一般过去时，故填 formed。39.考查连词。根据空格前的先行词 the British Museum 与空格后的谓语动词 opened，判断此处为定语从句的关系词，在从句中作主语，故填 which/that。40.考查被动语态。根据空格前的主语 the parts 与所给提示词 call，判断此处为被动语态，且此处表陈述事实，故填 are called。4

13、1.考查主谓一致。根据空格前的主语 a small part 与所给提示词，判断此处为谓语动词，且主语 a small part为单数形式，故填 is。42.考查反身代词。根据空格前的主语 visitors、谓语动词 imagine 与所给提示词 they，判断此处为反身代词，故填 themselves。-3-43.考查非谓语动词。根据空格前的 or，判断此处为与前面的 living at a different time in history 为选择关系，因此此处需用 v-ing 形式，故填 walking。44.考查名词。根据空格前的形容词 Historical 与空格后的系动词 is，判

14、断此处需用名词形式，故填 accuracy。45.考查固定搭配。根据空格前的动词 compete 与空格后的 peoples spare time and money，判断此处需用表“为竞争”的动词短语 compete for，故填 for。Passage 1 Li Ziqi,who lives in a picturesque village of southwest Chinas Sichuan Province,1 (make)a name for herself by making various Chinese dishes on YouTube since 2016.In her

15、videos,she 2(graceful)works as a farmer,impressing viewers with her understanding of food,nature and Chinese culture while showcasing the charm of Chinese culture in every detail of daily life.Her traditional food preparation craft and Chinese rural lifestyle have attracted 11.1 million subscribers

16、on YouTube.Just like Li Ziqi,Grandpa Amu is also trying to spread unique Chinese techniques to the world.3 63-year old Chinese grandpas traditional carpentry skills are delighting tens of millions of viewers online as he creates woodwork without glue,screws(螺丝钉)or nails.His most popular video,which

17、shows him making a fantastic arch bridge,4 (go)viral on the platform last month,gaining more than 42 million views.Grandpa Amu follows an ancient Chinese mortise and tenon(榫卯)technique,5 means no glue or nails are involved in the entire process of building the arch bridge.Grandpa Amu has also made s

18、everal 6 (wood)toys for his grandson using the same technique.Among all the items,a walking Peppa Pig and a bubble blowing toy are his grandsons 7 (favorite).Grandpa Amus son and daughter-in-law now work full time on his videos,8 (hope)that the popularity would help local villagers 9 (well)sell thei

19、r farm produce.Although the master carpenter has drawn over 1.18 million subscribers so far on YouTube,Grandpa Amu insists that he is not an internet celebrity 10 just an ordinary farmer.【答案】1.has made 2.gracefully 3.The 4.went 5.which 6.wooden 7.favorites 8.hoping 9.better 10.but-4-【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了

20、两位在 YouTube 上人气很高的网红李子柒和阿木爷爷。1.考查时态。句意：李子柒住在中国西南部四川省一个风景如画的村庄里，自 2016 年起，她就因在 YouTube上制作各种中国菜而出名。根据时间状语 since 2016，since 引导的时间状语从句常与现在完成时连用；句子主语 Li Ziqi 是单数形式，助动词应用 has；make 是不规则变化动词，过去分词为 made。故填 has made。2.考查副词。修饰句子的谓语动词 works，应该用副词形式。故填 gracefully。3.考查冠词。句意：这位 63 岁的中国老大爷的传统木工手艺让在线数以百万计的观众惊叹，因为他制作

21、的木制品没有胶水、螺丝和钉子。前一句中提到 Grandpa Amu，此处用定冠词 the 特指前一句中的 Grandpa Amu，句子第一个单词首字母大写。故填 The。4.考查时态。句意：他最受欢迎的视频是他制作一座精致的拱桥的视频，上个月在该平台上广泛传播，点击量超过 4200 万次。时间状语 last month 指过去的时间，句子谓语应该用一般过去时；go 是不规则变化动词，过去式为 went。故填 went。5.考查定语从句关系词。句意：阿木爷爷沿用中国古代阴阳榫卯技术，这意味着在建造拱桥的整个过程中没用到胶水和钉子。分析句子结构，空格所在句是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 an

22、ancient Chinese mortise and tenontechnique，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，此处用 which 引导非限制性定语从句，that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填 which。6.考查形容词。句意：阿木爷爷也用同样的技术为他的孙子做了一些木制玩具。修饰名词 toys 应该用形容词形式；wood 是名词，形容词形式为 wooden，意为“木质的”。故填 wooden。7.考查可数名词的数。句意：在所有的物品中，一只会走路的小猪佩奇和一个吹泡泡的玩具是他孙子的最爱。favorite 是可数名词；句子主语 a walking Peppa Pig and a bubb

23、le blowing toy 是复数意义，因此 favorite应该用复数形式。故填 favorites。8.考查非谓语动词。句意：阿木爷爷的儿子和儿媳现在全职为他制作视频，希望这种人气能帮助当地村民更好地销售农产品。hope 和句子的主语 Grandpa Amus son and daughter-in-law 是逻辑上的主动关系，此处用现在分词 hoping 作状语。故填 hoping。9.考查副词的比较级。根据句意，此处 well 应该用比较级的形式，意为“更好地”；well 的比较级是 better。故填 better。10.考查固定用法。句意：虽然到目前为止，这位木工大师阿木爷爷在

24、YouTube 上有超过 1800 万用户，但他坚称自己不是网红，而只是个普通的农民。根据句意，此处是并列结构 not.but.意为：不是而是。故填 but。Passage 2 The southern area of Jiangxi province 11 (produce)tea for hundreds of years.Villagers there often like to-5-sing songs while 12 (pick)tea leaves.The beautiful tunes echo over the tea gardens in the hills.After o

25、ver 400 years of development,this practice has transformed into a performance art.The tea-picking opera,or Caicha Xi in Chinese,is 13 culture monument of Jiangxi province,having a history of more than 400 years.The opera can be seen on special occasions such as Chinese New Year,14 the locals are loo

26、king to pray for prosperity and a good harvest.Tea-picking opera in southern Jiangxi province is a combination of folk songs and dancing.15 (it)repertoire(表演剧目)is not about royal families or government officials,16 about the daily lives of local people.After the founding of New China,17 (music)creat

27、ed a number of songs based on tea-picking tunes and took the opera to a bigger stage.In 1960s,the popular“See the Red Army off”18 (compose)by drawing inspirations from one of the 19 (tradition)tunes of the southern Jiangxi tea-picking opera.86 years ago,with the same tune,mothers saw off their sons,

28、and wives saw off their husbands for Long March.In 2006,it was listed 20 an intangible cultural heritage in China.To better keep the tradition and pass it on from generation to generation,the local government has provided free education to teenagers in love with tea-picking opera.【答案】11.has produced

29、/has been producing 12.picking 13.a 14.when 15.Its 16.but 17.musicians 18.was composed 19.traditional 20.as【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了江西的采茶戏。采茶戏是一种传统的剧目，有着悠久的历史，新中国建立以来，音乐家基于采茶曲调创造了许多歌曲。11.考查时态。句意：江西省南部地区生产茶叶已经有数百年之久。根据时间状语 for hundreds of years 可知，此处表示从过去一直延续到现在的动作或状态，用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时。主语 The southern area是第三人称

30、单数，故填 has produced 或 has been producing。12.考查非谓语动词。句意：那里的村民经常喜欢边摘茶叶边唱歌。分析句子结构，while 12 (pick)tea leaves 是分词作状语，pick 与其逻辑主语 Villagers 之间是主动关系，用现在分词。故填 picking。13.考查冠词。句意：采茶剧，中文又叫采茶戏，是江西省的一种文化遗迹，有 400 多年的历史。monument“历史遗迹”是可数名词，根据句意表示泛指，culture 是以辅音音素开头的词，用不定冠词 a。故填 a。14.考查定语从句。句意：这种歌剧可以在诸如中国新年等特殊场合看到，

31、在那些场合当地人祈求繁荣和丰收。分析句子可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 occasions，关系词在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词 when，故填 when。15.考查代词。句意：它的表演剧目不是关于皇室或政府官员，而是关于当地人的日常生活。修饰名词repertoire 用形容词性物主代词，表示“它的”，句子第一个单词首字母大写，故填 Its。-6-16.考查连词。not.but.：不是而是，是固定短语，根据句意，故填 but。17.考查名词。句意：新中国成立后，音乐家们根据采茶曲调创作了许多歌曲，并将这种歌剧推向了一个更大的舞台。空格处是主语，根据句意，表示音乐家，用 musici

32、an，且此处是复数意义，故填 musicians。18.考查时态和语态。句意：上世纪 60 年代，流行的送红军是从江南采茶戏的传统曲调中汲取灵感而创作的。分析句子可知，compose是谓语动词，与主语“See the Red Army off”是被动关系，由时间状语In 1960s可推断，用一般过去时，且主语是第三人称单数，综上，故填 was composed。19.考查形容词。修饰名词 tunes 用形容词作定语，故填 traditional。20.考查固定短语。句意：2006 年，它被列为中国非物质文化遗产。be listed as“被列为”是固定用法，根据句意，故填 as。Passage

33、 3 Lightning is very common but one of the most powerful weather forces to hit the earth.21(actual),every second about 100 lightning strikes hit 22 surface of the earth.In some parts of the world,for example in India,summer lightning storms are very common.With the rainy season 23 (begin)there,storm

34、s often cover most of the countrys northern area.Last week in June,the Reuters news agency 24 (report)lightning strikes killed more than 100 people in two areas of India.If you are outside,25 (expert)say you should take cover,26 means finding a safe shelter for protection.During a lightning storm,no

35、 place outside is safe.If you hear thunder,lightning is close enough to hit you.Most lightning victims(受害者)are in open areas or near a tree.If you are 27 (indoor)during a lightning storm,you could still be 28 danger.Stay off wired phones,computers and other 29 (equip)that can put you in direct conta

36、ct with electricity.Avoid any areas with running water and stay away from windows and doors.Specialists at the U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention say that helping lightning strike victims can save their lives.It is safe 30 (touch)a lightning strike victim.People struck by lightning do no

37、t carry a charge.【答案】21.Actually 22.the 23.beginning 24.reported 25.experts 26.which 27.indoors 28.in 29.equipment 30.to touch【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了雷击这种自然现象，是袭击地球最强大的天气力量之一。作者还介绍了正确应对雷雨天气的一些办法。21.考查副词。句意：事实上，每秒钟大约有 100 次闪电击中地球表面。修饰后文整个句子应用副词 actually，句首单词首字母要大写。故填 Actually。-7-22.考查冠词。此处特指地球的表面，应用定冠词。故填

38、 the。23.考查非谓语动词。句意：随着雨季的开始，暴雨经常覆盖该国北部大部分地区。此处为 with 的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”，且 the rainy season 与 begin 构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填 beginning。24.考查动词时态。句意：据路透社报道，在 6 月最后一周，印度两个地区雷击造成 100 多人死亡。report在句中作谓语，结合上文“Last week in June”可知应用一般过去时。故填 reported。25.考查名词的数。句意：如果你在室外，专家说你应该找个隐蔽的地方，也就是说找一个安全的地方躲藏。expert 为可数名词，根据后文

39、say 为动词原形，可知主语为复数。故填 experts。26.考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文句子“you should take cover”，且从句中缺少主语，故应用关系代词 which 引导，that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填 which。27.考查副词。句意：雷雨期间，如果在室内，你仍可能处于危险之中。此处与上一段中“If you are outside”形成对比，因此需用表地点的副词 indoors，表示在室内。故填 indoors。28.考查介词。结合句意表示“处于危险中”可知短语为 be in danger。故填 in。29.考查名词。句意：远离有线电话、电脑

40、和其他能让你直接接触电的设备。此处作介词 off 的宾语，应用名词 equipment，且 equipment 是不可数名词。故填 equipment。30.考查非谓语动词。句意：触碰遭雷击的受害者是安全的。此处为“It be+adj.+不定式短语”结构，句中的 it 是形式主语，因此此处用不定式作真正的主语。故填 to touch。Passage 4 A new study looked into conversations between parents and their kids when they explored a city park as well as an indoor e

41、ducation center.They found that talking outdoors was much more enthusiastic 31 talking inside.Researchers from the University of Manchester recorded conversations between parents and 32 (they)3-and 4-year-old children.They focused on children of that age because they 33 (usual)have a lot to say,but

42、often it can be challenging 34(hold)a conversation with them,researchers said.But being outside seemed to help.“Our research shows that 35 (nature)environments can better improve social communication,36 raises the quality of parent-child conversations,”the study author Thea Cameron Faulkner said in

43、a statement.The study 37(publish)in the journal of Knviron-mental Psychology.Researchers said that there was obvious improvement in conversations held outside,but they didnt know why the communication flowed better.One explanation,they said,is that being outside in nature 38 (ease)pressure for both

44、children and adults 39 creates a better atmosphere for easier conversations.Another explanation is that talking outside may get greater levels of attention between 40(person).-8-【答案】31.than 32.their 33.usually 34.to hold 35.natural 36.which 37.was published 38.eases 39.and 40.persons【解析】本文是一篇说明文。研究发

45、现，父母与孩子在户外交流时，交流会更加畅通。31.考查介词。根据上文中的 much more enthusiastic 可知此处表示进行比较，空格后是动名词短语 talking inside，故空处应填介词 than。32.考查代词。句意：曼彻斯特大学的研究人员录下了父母和他们 3 岁和 4 岁孩子之间的对话。设空处后为名词 children（孩子们）为名词，故设空处应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故答案为 their。33.考查副词。句意：研究人员说，他们关注这个年龄段的孩子，因为他们通常有很多话要说，但通常和他们交谈是很有挑战性的。设空处后为动词，故设空处应用副词作状语。故答案为 usual

46、ly。34.考查非谓语动词。固定结构 It+is+adj+to do sth：做是怎么样的，其中 It 是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，故设空处应为 to do 形式。故答案为 to hold。35.考查形容词。句意：我们的研究表明，自然环境能更好地改善社会交流，从而提高父母和孩子的对话质量。设空处后为名词，故设空处应用形容词修饰名词。故答案为 natural。36.考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在句中做指物的主语，先行词为communication（交流），应用关系代词 which（that 不能引导非限制性定语从句）。故答案为 which。37.考查谓语动词的

47、时态和语态。设空处在句中做谓语，和句子的主语之间是被动关系，study 应是被发表。叙述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时，主语 the study 是单数，be 动词用 was。故答案为 was published。38.考查谓语动词的时态。句意：他们说，一种解释是，身处大自然中可以减轻孩子和成年人的压力，并创造一个更容易交谈的氛围。句子的主语为 being outside in nature（置身大自然），设空处在句中作谓语；根据主句的谓语 is，可知时态为一般现在时。动名词短语作主语，谓语动词应用单数形式。故答案为 eases。39.考查连词。设空处后的 creates（创造）和上句中的 e

48、ases（减轻）并列作谓语，故应用表示并列的连接词。故答案为 and。40.考查名词的数。句意：另一种解释是，在外面交谈可能会引起人们更多的注意。设空处前为介词，设空处应用名词，设空处所给词为可数名词，且前无冠词，故应用复数形式表泛指。故答案为 persons。Passage 5 If youre invited to an American friends home for dinner,keep 41 mind these general rules for polite behavior.First of all,arrive approximately on time(but not

49、early).42(America)expect promptness(准时).When youre invited to someones home for a meal,43 is polite to bring a small gift.Flowers or candy-9-are always appropriate.If you have a(n)44 (attract)item made in your native country,your host or hostess would certainly enjoy 45 (receive)that as a gift.Weari

50、ng proper clothes and 46 beautiful smile is simply not enough.Table manners are also very important.Do not open your mouth to talk,unless you have swallowed your food.Also,chew food with your mouth 47(close).When you want to get the food 48 is at a distance,do not stretch your hands to reach for it.