2023年高考英语复习全国通用第04讲动词和动词短语(练)(解析版).pdf
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1、第 04 讲 动词和动词短语(练)一、单项选择 1Tom said,“Many ideas will _ when it comes to snowboarding.”Acrowd in Bcrowd out Cmove in Dmove off【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:汤姆说:“说到单板滑雪,很多想法都会涌现出来。”A.crowd in(想法、问题等)涌上心头,涌入脑海;B.crowd out 挤出;C.move in 搬进;D.move off 离开。由“Many ideas”可知,句子表示“说到单板滑雪,很多想法都会涌现出来”,空格处是 crowd in,故选 A。2If
2、 everyone can _traffic rules,car accidents and the loss of lives will be reduced.Acover Badmit Crecognise Dobserve【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果每个人都能遵守交通规则,交通事故和生命损失将会减少。A.cover覆盖;B.admit 允许;C.recognise 认识;D.observe 遵守。根据句意及常识可知,交通事故和生命损失会减少的条件是每个人都能遵守交通规则。故选 D 项。3Ive just _ an old friend in the park while
3、 taking a walk with my parents.Acome out Bcome about Ccome across Dcome over【答案】C【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:我刚和父母在公园散步时遇到了一位老朋友。A.come out 出版;B.come about 产生;C.come across 偶遇;D.come over 顺便来访。根据“while taking a walk with my parents.”可知,公园散步时偶然遇到一位老朋友。故选 C。4The wildlife reserve was set up to _ endangered speci
4、es from extinction.Aobsess Bpreserve Cboost Destimate【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:建立野生动物保护区是为了保护濒临灭绝的物种。A.obsess 着迷;B.preserve 保护;C.boost 提高;D.estimate 估计。根据“The wildlife reserve was set up”可知,野生动物保护区建立的目的是为了保护濒临灭绝的物种。故选 B。5 Experts agree that innovative farming practices are needed to support the need for
5、more food at affordable costs,both to the farmer and to the consumer,but the best ideas _ come.Atend to Bhave yet to Cused to Dcease to【答案】B【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:专家们一致认为,需要创新的农业实践来支持农民和消费者以可承受的成本获得更多食物的需求,但最好的想法尚未出现。A.tend to 倾向于;B.have yet to 还没有;C.used to用于,过去经常;D.cease to 停止。由句意以及 but 转折可知,此处为 have yet
6、 to come“尚未出现”,满足句意要求。故选 B 项。6Following his late fathers will,he gave up going abroad for further study to _ all businesses as a chief executive officer.Aturn over Bturn in Ctake off Dtake over【答案】D【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:按照已故父亲的遗愿,他放弃了出国深造,以首席执行官的身份接管了所有的企业。A.turn over 把翻过来;B.turn in 交上;C.take off 起飞;D.tak
7、e over 接管。由“he gave up going abroad for further study”和“all businesses as a chief executive officer”可知,句子表示“他放弃了出国深造,以首席执行官的身份接管了所有的企业”,空格处意为“接管”,故选 D。7The goats which arent native to the park are spreading disease and multiplying rapidly.Now it might be the best time to reduce the animals before th
8、ere are too many to _.Aput to an end Bset in motion Cbring under control Dbring to life【答案】C【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:这些非公园本地的山羊正在传播疾病,并迅速繁殖。现在可能是减少动物数量的最佳时机,以免数量过多而无法控制。A.put to an end 结束;B.set in motion 开始,启动;C.bring under control 制服,将置于控制之下;D.bring to life 使苏醒。根据句意及空前的“too many”可知,此处指数量过多而难以控制,故选 C 项。8In c
9、omputing,if you _ a file to a message that you send to someone,you send it with the message.Atie Brelate Cconnect Dattach【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:在计算中,如果将文件附加到发送给某人的消息上,则将其与消息一起发送。A.tie 系;B.relate 涉及;C.connect 连接,联系;D.attach 附上。根据句意可知,设空处表示“将文件附加到发送给某人的消息上”,故选 D。9Despite lack of experience,Carla contrib
10、utes just as much as anyone on our team she _ around this office.Agets a load of everything Bloose lips sink ships Clets off steam Dpulls her weight【答案】D【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:尽管缺乏经验,但 Carla 的贡献与我们团队的任何人一样多,她在这个办公室里做好她分内的事。A.gets a load of everything 打量,估计;B.loose lips sink ships 祸从口出;C.lets off steam宣泄怒火;
11、D.pulls her weight做好分内的事,尽责。根据 Carla contributes just as much as anyone on our team 可知,Carla 在办公室尽职尽责,做好她分内的事,故选 D。10As a group,“night owl”types tend to eat less healthy food and _ more calories overall than early risers.Atake in Btake up Ctake after Dtake over【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:作为一个群体,“夜猫子”倾向于吃不太
12、健康的食物,总体上比早起的人摄入更多的卡路里。A.take in 吸收,摄入;B.take up 接受,开始从事;C.take after 与像,追赶;D.take over 掌管。由语意可知,“夜猫子”因为往往喜欢吃不健康的食物,所以他们吃的食物里多数是热量高的,他们摄入的卡路里自然也多些。故选 A 项。11The company has established a good creative team who constantly _ new ideas.Afit in with Bgo on with Ccome up with Dkeep up with【答案】C【解析】考查动词短语辨
13、析。句意:公司建立了一支优秀的创意团队,不断提出新的想法。A.fit in with适合,与一致;B.go on with 继续;C.come up with 提出;D.keep up with 跟上。根据句意及 new ideas可知,设空处应表示“提出新想法”,故选 C。12University of Nevada has developed and _ a new curriculum to educate students about wildfire science.Aactivated Bpiloted Cweaved Dfled【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:内华达大学
14、开发并试行了一项新课程,以教育学生野火科学。A.activated激活;B.piloted 领航;试行;C.weaved 编织;D.fled 逃离。根据“University of Nevada has developed”可知,这里指新课程开发并试行。故选 B。13Whenever our teacher _ how to use the equipment in lab,we are required to observe his every move very carefully.Ademonstrates Bdescribes Cpredicts Devaluates【答案】A【解析】
15、考查动词词义辨析。句意:每当我们的老师在实验室演示如何使用设备时,我们都要仔细观察他的一举一动。A.demonstrates 演示;B.describes 描述;C.predicts 预测;D.evaluates 评价。如何使用设备,需要老师演示一遍。故选 A 项。14One day,when Helen was playing with a doll,Miss Sullivan gave her another doll and spelt d-o-l-l into her hand,trying to make her understand that d-o-l-l _ to both.A
16、assessed Bapplied Caccessed Dannounced【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:有一天,当海伦在玩洋娃娃时,苏立文小姐给了她另一个洋娃娃,并在她手里拼写“doll”,试图让她明白这两个娃娃都是“doll”的意思。A.assessed 评估;B.applied 适合;应用;C.accessed 访问;存取;D.announced宣布。apply to 适用于,此处表示“doll”这个词适用于这两个娃娃(这两个娃娃都是“doll”的意思)。故选 B。15Many students _ their problems,but they lack the coura
17、ge to overcome them.Aare conscious of Bare embedded in Crent out Ddepend on【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:许多学生都意识到自己面临的问题,但他们缺乏克服这些问题的勇气。A.are conscious of 意识到;B.are embedded in 嵌入;C.rent out 出租;D.depend on 依靠。根据下文“but they lack the courage to overcome them”可推断,学生能够意识到自己的问题。故选 A。二、用单词的适当形式完成句子 16Born into a f
18、amily with three brothers,David was brought _ to value the sense of sharing.【答案】up 【解析】考查动词短语。句意:大卫出生在一个有三个兄弟的家庭,从小就很重视分享的感觉。根据句意,bring up 意为“抚养,长大”。故填 up。17Rod loves taking _ clocks.However,he never manages to put them together again.【答案】apart 【解析】考查动词短语。句意:Rod 喜欢拆钟表。然而,他再也没有把它们装在一起。take apart 拆开,故
19、填 apart。18This government came _ power at the last election.【答案】to#into【解析】考查动词短语。句意:这个政府在最后选举中执政了。分析句子结构和意思可知,这里需要固定短语:come to/into power,表示“执政”的意思。故填 to/into。19Jane has got such a bad temper that her colleagues find it hard to get _ well with her.【答案】along#on 【解析】考查介词。句意:简的脾气很坏,同事们发现很难和她相处好。分析句子结构
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