2023年高考英语复习全国通用第11讲阅读理解细节理解题(练)(原卷版).pdf

《2023年高考英语复习全国通用第11讲阅读理解细节理解题(练)(原卷版).pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2023年高考英语复习全国通用第11讲阅读理解细节理解题(练)(原卷版).pdf（10页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、第 11 讲 阅读理解细节理解题（练）A Sora observed in amazement as Weilun picked up two large metal cans.She followed Weilun with a pail(桶)of clothes,watching him carry the two cans effortlessly.They were large and were covering Weiluns small frame.Soras father had sent her to the village to learn about rural life.

2、Sora had never once done any household chores back home.She did not understand why her father would always chant“Where is your willingness to learn?”whenever she asked him if she could stay home for the holidays.Her father had given her a checklist on the life skills that she needed to learn,one of

3、which was to wash clothes.She recalled washing a table cloth after an art lesson in school.That was a piece of cake,she thought.So Sora refused Weiluns offer to help.Weilun then went to fill the large cans with water at the far end of the river.Suddenly,a big bird dived from the sky when Sora placed

4、 the last piece of clothing back in the pail.Sora released her grasp of the pail in shock.Then she was relaxed to find it was aiming for a worm near her.But the clothes were drifting in the river.Weilun immediately came to help and Sora shifted the blame to the bird.He pointed at the detergent foam(

5、洗涤剂泡沫)on the surface of the river.“Dont tell me you rinsed(漂洗)the detergent from the clothes in the river.Dont you know that it may kill the river creatures?You caused the problem,not the bird!”Sora looked down in shame.“You think that you know everything,but you actually dont.”Sora closed her eyes

6、to let Weiluns words sink in for a moment.She finally understood the meaning behind her fathers chants.She walked towards Weilun and whispered,“Could you teach me all the life skills that my father had planned for me to learn?”1Why was Sora amazed?AWeilun was too small in size for the two large cans

7、.BWeilun was willing to help his parents do some chores.CWeilun managed to carry the two large cans easily.DWeilun was willing to accompany her to the riverside.2Why did Sora refuse Weiluns offer to help wash the clothes?AShe thought it was an easy task.BShe had learned how to do it.CShe wanted her

8、father to be proud of her.DShe wanted to learn new things by herself.3What happened when Sora found the bird flew towards her?AThe bird was diving for food.BThe bird was attacking her.CSora was rinsing the detergent in the pail.DSora was shocked to find a worm in the pail.4What do you think Sora“fin

9、ally understood”?AShe wasnt capable of living on her own.BShe really lacked the willingness to learn.CLife skills could be learned in the country.DHer father wanted her to learn from Weilun.B Independent living at home is the ideal for every aging person.But a fall or other health-threatening incide

10、nts can change everything rapidly.The wearable“panic buttons”introduced in the late 1980s were a great advance.But they only work if people actually wear them and can reach the button in an emergency.Today there are passive wearables that automatically detect falls,and camera-based systems to monito

11、r elder safety.Coming from a 40-year career in the semiconductor and wireless communication field,Rafi Zack decided to find a better alternative.“People arent devoted to wearing small devices 24/7,and camera-based systems are an invasion（侵犯）of privacy,”he points out,“The most challenging aspect is a

12、 fall.How fast we can detect a fall matters because the medical situation worsens quickly.Sometimes people stay on the floor for a long time.We have to find out how to solve that problem.”Zack is a co-founder,CEO and vice president of R&D at EchoCare Technologies which has developed ECHO(Elderly Car

13、e Home Observer),a cloud-connected monitor based on radar technology and machine learning.Because radar sees through walls,one ECHO unit fixed on the ceiling or wall can monitor one person(or two persons,in a future version)in a standard-sized apartment in a senior living facility.The device detects

14、 falls,breathing difficulties,drowning in a bathtub and other dangerous events.It gives out warnings to potential health worsening conditions by continuously monitoring and analyzing the persons location,posture（姿势）,motion and breath.EchoCare tested the device in the United States,Japan,Australia an

15、d Israel.ECHO was certified（认证）in 2019 in Japan with the most aging population in the world.“Bathrooms were the main testing area where about 17,000 deadly accidents happen annually.”said SMK Director and Executive Vice President Tetsuo Hara.“Bathroom makers,home security service providers and nursi

16、ng homes are highly interested in EchoCares solution.”Zack noted,“As more and more elder people live alone as a result of social distancing,there is an increased need to monitor them without the burden of wearables or privacy-invading cameras.”5Whats the advantage of ECHO over“panic buttons”?AIt has

17、 camera-based systems.BIt has been widely accepted.CIt can function without cameras.DIts buttons can be easily reached.6What can we know about ECHO from paragraph 5?AIt is designed to send out warnings regularly.BIt monitors dangerous health-related events.CIt was certified in many developed countri

18、es.DIt detects more than one person at the same time.7What can we infer about the future of ECHO?AItll become more popular with the elderly.BItll stop 17,000 deaths happening annually.CItll be used in nursing homes and hospitals.DItll help elderly people to live an active life.8What can be the best

19、title for the passage?AAn Advanced Medical Instrument BA High-tech Monitor for the Elderly CThe Invention of a Healthcare Device DThe Improvement of a Medical Facility C Nearly everyone knows eBay is a website where you can buy and sell pretty much anything.There are other Internet auction(拍卖)sites,

20、but none come close to eBay for brand-name recognition.And for good reason:eBay is the largest English-language online auction site in the world.Buyers come to eBay for the best chance of finding the particular thing they want.Sellers come for the largest pool of buyers,which they hope means the bes

21、t chance of selling at the highest possible price.Buying things on eBay is pretty simple.You can type a term into the search field,or click through the categories list to get to what you want.Inside an individual item listing,youll see the current asking price,and a little button to click if you wis

22、h to place your own bid.Enter a price,occasionally come back to see if someone has bid higher than you and wait for the end of the auction period.If your bid is the highest,you win!Now all you have to do is arrange payment and shipping method with the seller.eBay is only in the business of putting b

23、uyers and sellers together for a small fee from the seller.It doesnt handle the actual payment or shipping of goods.In other words,it isnt a big department store,or a warehouse.Its the owner of a flea market,and you have to do your own deals with the individual sellers in their virtual stalls.To be

24、a skillful eBay buyer,you should learn when to trust sellers and how a proxy(代理人)bid can save you from going online every half-hour to up your bid.Experienced eBay users also know how to use escrows(公正托管)to guarantee goods,and how to avoid selling tricks such as fake bids that push up prices.The mor

25、e often you buy on eBay,the more you learn.9Why is eBay the best website for people to buy and sell things?ABecause it has all brand products.BBecause the trade language is English.CBecause sellers and buyers can close their deals.DBecause sellers can find a swimming pool there.10What should you do

26、first if you want to buy something at the site?AFind the current asking price.BClick a button to place your own bid.CEnter a price which is higher than others.DFind what you want in the categories list.11What should the buyer do if he/she wins the bid?AGet goods from eBay.BDetermine payment and ship

27、ment.CSend somebody for the goods.DTalk about the price of the goods.12What is mainly talked about in the last paragraph?AHow to be a skillful buyer at eBay.BHow to make sure of qualified goods.CHow to avoid being cheated by others.DHow to spare you from going online frequently.D The use of AI(artif

28、icial intelligence)is becoming more common in many branches of industry and online shopping.Traditional lines of work,such as goods transport and driving,are developing in a similar direction although mainly out of public view.Scientists at the University of Gttingen have now investigated how effici

29、ent(高效的)the use of AI can be in the commercial management of trucks.“Digital applicationsas well as machine leaning,a kind of AIare increasingly applied to operations and courses in the transport area,”explains Professor Matthias Klumpp from the Faculty of Economics.“The question in the commercial a

30、rea,however,is whether or not this contributes to achieving goals.”To answer this question,the researchers compared the work efficiency of truck drivers with their main use of AI applications.Looking at trade delivery by truck,they studied three groups:the first drove completely following human deci

31、sion-making models;the second used a combination of human and machine;and the third depended completely on fully automated decisions.The researchers found that an intelligent combination of human work and decision-making abilities with AI applications promises the highest transport and driving effic

32、iency.“On average,the second group achieved the most efficient transport trips,with the fewest interventions(干预)and off-course from the best path.”one researcher said,“Clearly,neither a completely human decision-making structure nor a fully automated driving system can promise to meet current goods

33、transport requirements.”The scientists therefore summarized that despite the progress of AI in the field of transportation by truck,human experience and decision-making abilities will still be necessary in the longer term.However,the challenge is that a wide range of training and qualification(资格)ne

34、eds will come along by working with Al applications,especially for simple goods transport activities.13What does Matthias Klumpp focus on?AThe efficiency of AI.BThe advantages of AI.CThe problems caused by AI.DThe wide applications of AI.14How did the researchers get the finding?ABy providing exampl

35、es.BBy making comparisons.CBy using different trucks.DBy listing three experiments.15What can we know from the last paragraph?AAl is better at making decisions.BA balance is needed between human and AI.CHuman will soon be replaced by AI in driving.DAl applications meet the current requirements.16Wha

36、t is the best title for the text?AThe future of transport.BArtificial intelligence as a co-driver.CArtificial intelligence-a better choice in driving.DThe strengths of artificial intelligence in transport.E Just as a hungry brain craves(渴望)food,a lonely brain craves people.A new brain study demonstr

37、ates this.After being left alone,it shows peoples brains would be activated at the sight of other people.The action was in the same brain region that speeds up when a hungry person sees food.Livia Tomova,a neuroscientist,who studies how the brain produces mental activities,and her colleagues began t

38、his study.They recruited(招募)40 people.On one day,the participants had to fastnot eat anything at allfor 10 hours.On another day,the same people were placed in a room for 10 hours.They couldnt see anyone.No friends,no family and no social media.They werent even allowed to check their email.After both

39、 days,Tomova and her colleagues put the people in a MRI machine.It shows activity in the brain by tracking how much blood is flowing to each region.At the end of each day,the participants showed high activity in a brain area called the midbrain.The scientists were interested in two,small areas withi

40、n it.Both areas produce dopamine,a chemical that is important in craving and rewards.The two areas activated when hungry participants saw pictures of tasty pizza or juicy hamburgers.After the volunteers had been isolated,those brain areas became active when they saw social activities they missed.It

41、might be playing sports or chatting with friends.The midbrain plays an important part in peoples motivation to seek food or friends.In fact,it responds to food and social signals even when people arent hungry or lonely.But hunger and loneliness increased the reactions and made peoples responses spec

42、ific to the thing they were missing.And the more hunger or isolation the volunteers said they were experiencing,the stronger the activity in this part of the brain.Tomova and her colleagues published their results November 23 in Nature Neuroscience.17How does Tomova test out the result of the study?

43、ABy stimulating desire.BBy controlling blood flow.CBy monitoring brain activity.DBy examining mental activities.18What do we know about midbrain?AIt consists of two areas.BIt helps motivate desire for food.CIt stops working when people are full.DIt decreases responses to lost friends.19What does the

44、 underlined“it”in paragraph 3 refer to?AA midbrain area.BA social activity.CA volunteer.DA hamburger.20What can be the best title for the text?ADopaminea Sure Sign of Age BMidbraina Nest for the Thoughts CHunger Makes Mental Health Struggle DLoneliness Makes Our Brains Need People F Black Valley,63

45、kilometers from downtown Chongqing,is one of the best preserved natural wonders around the municipality.The national 5A-level scenic spot is a popular summer resort for sightseeing,forest adventures,outdoor camping,hunting and angling.Located in Heishan town,Wansheng Economic Development Zone,the sc

46、enic spot spans over 103 square kilometers,97 percent of which are covered by primitive forests.With over 110,000 negative oxygen ions in each cubic centimeter of air,it is dubbed as a natural oxygen bar and“the most beautiful healthcare-themed valley.”Black Valley is also known as“the natural gene

47、bank of Chongqing and Guizhou regions”for the diversity of its rare plants and wildlife,including Cathaya argyrophylla,Davidia involucrata,Trachypithecus francoisi and clouded leopards.Scenic spot level:AAAAA Address:Heishan town,Wansheng Economic Development Zone,63 kilometers from downtown Chongqi

48、ng Opening hours:8:30 am-3:30 pm(peak season from November to February),9:00 am-3:00 pm(off season from March to October)Ideal sightseeing season:from May to September Ticket price:60 yuan($8.72)during off season and 100 yuan during peak season,sightseeing bus and cable not included.Notes:1.It is re

49、commended that tourists start from the higher southern area for a downward journey.2.The average temperature is 18.1 degrees.3.Its a good idea to experience the local folk culture of the Miao ethnic group,especially when you choose to visit in May when the traditional Caishan Festival of Miao ethnic

50、 group is celebrated.21What can we know about Black Valley?AIt lies in downtown Chongqing.BPlants and wildlife are rarely seen there.CA visit there costs at most 100 yuan.DThe air is very high in negative oxygen ions there.22A best time for a visitor and lover of the folk culture to Black Valley is