《高考之倒装句》PPT课件.ppt

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1、倒装句|句装倒 英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前,谓语在后（主谓语在后（主语语+谓语）。为了强调句中的某一部分把原来的谓语）。为了强调句中的某一部分把原来的语序重新调整，通常将助动词等放在主语之前，语序重新调整，通常将助动词等放在主语之前，称为称为倒装结构倒装结构。如果全部谓语放在主语之前。如果全部谓语放在主语之前,叫叫全部倒装全部倒装;如果只把助动词或如果只把助动词或be 动词放在主动词放在主语之前就叫语之前就叫部分倒装。部分倒装。inversions基本语序基本语序（natural order）：）：主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语（subject+predicate+

2、object）I love English.谓语谓语+主语主语完全倒装完全倒装(full inversion)Here came the headmaster.助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词+主语主语+动词动词部分倒装部分倒装(partial inversion)Nerve will I forgive you.全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时一般现在时和一般过去时。常。常见的结构有：见的结构有：1.用于用于there be句型句型Therearemanystudentsint

3、heclassroom.2.某些状语位于句首时某些状语位于句首时此类状语有：表地点的状语（此类状语有：表地点的状语（there，here）、表时间的状语）、表时间的状语（then，now）。如：）。如：Herearemyrepliestoyourquestions.Herecomesthebus.Theregoesthebell.Thencamethetimetopart.Nowcomesyourturn.注意：代词作主语时，主谓语序不变。如：Hereyouare.Thereitis.注意：此结构不用进行时态。常用的谓语动词有：be,come,go,lie,live,lay,seem,rema

4、in,stand等。3.方位副词位于句首时方位副词位于句首时常见的方位副词有：in,out,up,down,away,off,back等。IncomesMr.Smith.Outwentthechildren.Downflewtheeagletoseizethechicken.Awayrantheterrifiedboy.注意：代词作主语时，主谓语序不变。如：Inhecomes.Uptheyclimbed,almostoutofbreath.4.某些表语置于句首时某些表语置于句首时1）表语为介词短语Southofthecityliesabigsteelfactory.Fromthevalleyc

5、ameafrighteningsound.Inhischapterwillbefoundasatisfactoryanswer.AmongthegoodsareChristmastrees,flowers,candlesandtoys.Insidethepyramidsaretheburialroomsforthekingsandqueensandlongpassagestotheserooms.2）表语为形容词PresentatthemeetingwereProfessorWhite,ProfessorSmithandmanyotherguests.3）表语为过去分词Gonearetheda

6、yswhentheycoulddowhattheylikedtotheChinesepeople.Seatedonthegroundareagroupofyoungpeople.4）表语为进行时态中的现在分词Lyingonthefloorwasaboyagedaboutseventeen.Standingbesidethetablewasaninterpreter.5.用于用于so,nor,neither开头的句子开头的句子这种句型用于重复前句部分内容，前句是肯定句用so,前句是否定句用nor，或neither。所指的往往是另一人或另一物。它的谓语应与前句谓语的时态、形式相一致。如：Hehas

7、beentoBeijing.SohaveI.LiWeicantanswerthequestion.NeithercanI.注意：在重复前句为肯定句的内容时，若所指的是同一人或同一物，则用so表示，且不倒装。如：Hesaidhewouldcallonher.Sohedid.Zhangpingisatopstudentinourclass.Soheis.6.为了保持句子平衡，或为了使上下文紧密衔接时Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofwhichsatasmallboy.1.There lived a girl called A Qiao long ago.2._3.2

8、.Here comes your husband._4.3.Out rushed the children._5.4.In the front of the classroom sits a professor.6._7.5.Sitting in the front are the leaders of the school.8._9.6.Written on the blackboard are the names of those who were late yesterday.10._11.7.Go are the days when we used the foreign oil.12

9、._Read,change the order and discover the ruleAgirlcalledAQiaolivedtherelongago.Yourhusbandcomeshere.Thechildrenrushedout.Aprofessorsitsinfrontoftheclassroom.Theleadersoftheschoolaresittinginthefront.Thenamesofwhosearewrittenontheblackboard.Thedayswhenweusedtheforeignoilaregone.巩固练习:1)_ a beautiful p

10、alace _ the foot of the hill.A.There stand;at B.There stands;underC.Stands there;underD.There stands;at2)There _.And here _.A.goes the phone;she comesB.is the phone going;is she C.does the phone go;does she comeD.the phone goes;come she 3)Out _,with a stick in his hand.A.did he rushB.rushed he C.he

11、rushedD.he did rush4)_ from the top of the building when the policeman pointed the gun at him.A.Jumped down the robber B.Jumped the robber down C.Down jumped the robber D.Down the robber jumped5)Near the church _ cottage.A.was such an oldB.had a so oldC.was such old aD.is so an old6)_,a man of achie

12、vements,deep thoughts,but with simple habits.A.Einstein was such B.Such was Einstein C.Einstein was soD.So was Einstein7)_ are the days when teachers were looked down upon.A.Gone B.Go C.To go D.Going 部分倒装是把部分倒装是把be动词、情态动词、动词、情态动词、助动词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这助动词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词些词,要在主语之前加助动词要在主语之前加助动词do/does/d

13、id等等,而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。主语之后。1.用于三个表示强调的句型中用于三个表示强调的句型中1）HardlyBarely+倒装句式（过去完成时）+when+陈述句形式Scarcely（过去完成式）Nosooner+倒装句式（过去完成式）+than+陈述句形式（过去时态）e.g.Hardly/barely/scarcelyhadhearrivedatthestationwhenthetrainbegantoleave.2）Notonly+倒装句式+but(also)+陈述句形式e.g.Notonlydidheworkfaster,heworked

14、betteralso.NotonlydidIknowher,butIwasherbestfriend.3)Notuntil+句子（陈述句式）/或时间状语+倒装句式e.g.Notuntiltheteachercamedidhefinishhishomework.NotuntilyesterdaydidIlearnanythingaboutit.注意下面句子不倒装：Itwasnotuntiltheteachercamethathefinishedhishomework.2.用于用于only开头的句子开头的句子Only+副词/介词短语/状语从句+倒装句式e.g.Onlythisafternoondi

15、dIfinishthenovel.Onlyoncewashebeatenforhisdishonesty.Onlybyworkinghardcanwesucceedineverything.OnlyinthiswaycanyoumasterEnglish.OnlywhenhetoldmedidIrealizewhattroublehewasin.1.Only in this way _ make progress in your English.A.you B.can you C.you be able to D.will you able to 2.Only when the meeting

16、 was over_ go back to meet his friend.A.he could B.he was able to C.was he able toD.was able to he3.Onlyinthisway_doitwell.A.mustweB.wecouldC.canweD.wecan3.某些否定词谓语句首时某些否定词谓语句首时Hardly;Scarcely;Nolonger;Seldom;Never;Barely;Rarely;Little;Notabit;Innotime;Atnotime;Innoway;Innocase;Notonce+倒装句式Bynomeans;

17、Nowhere;Onnoaccount;Undernocircumstancese.g.NevershallIdothisagain.Littledidheknowwhothewomanwas.Hardlydidheknowthatthepolicewereafterhim.BynomeansshallImeethimhalfway.NowherecouldIfindhere.Undernocircumstancescouldweagreetosuchaprinciple.4.So,Such等表程度的副词位于句首时等表程度的副词位于句首时此类副词有：so,such,often,well,bit

18、terly,gladly等。e.g.Sofrightenedwassheinthedarknessthatshedidntdaretomove.SomanyquestionsdidtheyaskmethatIgotconfused.Somuchdoesheworryabouthispositionthathecannotsleepatnight.Suchwastheforceoftheexplosionthatallthewindowswerebroken.Oftendoeshewarnusnottotouchthepoisonouschemical.GladlywouldIgivemylif

19、etosavethechild.如果so/such位于句首修饰主语时，则不用倒装。如：Sofewpeoplecametohisbirthdaypartythathefeltsad.巩固练习:1)Hardly _ the airport when the plane took off.A.I had arrived at B.had I arrivedC.had I reachedD.I had got to2)Have you ever seen anything like that before?No,_ anything like that before.A.I never have se

20、en B.never I have seenC.never have I seen D.I have seen3)She is not fond of cooking,_ I.A.so amB.nor amC.neitherD.nor do4)ThedoctortoldCharlietobreathedeeplyand_.A.sodidCharlieB.CharliedidsoC.CharliedoessoD.didCharlieso5)Soloudly_that_hearherclearly.A.didshespeak;couldeveryoneB.didshespeak;everyonec

21、ouldC.shespoke;couldeveryoneD.shespoke;everyonecould6)_himselfwrong,buthisfriendswerewrong.A.NotwasonlyheB.NotonlyheC.NotonlywasheD.Notonlywas7)Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury_knowwhatheatis.A.mandidB.manC.didntmanD.didman8)NotuntilIbegantowork_realizehowmuchtimeIhadwasted.A.didntIB.didIC.Idid

22、ntD.I9)Ifinallygotthejob.Neverinalllife_sohappy.A.didIfeelB.IfeltC.IhadfeltD.hadIfelt5.带带To such表程度的词组位于句首时表程度的词组位于句首时Tosuchanextent到如此程度Towhat/suchadegree到什么/如此程度Tosuchextremes到如此（极端的）程度+倒装句式Tosuchlength(s)到这种（详细的）地步e.g.Tosuchadegreewasheexcitedthathecouldntgotosleepthatnight.Towhatdegreeareyouinte

23、restedinreading?Tosuchlengthsdidhespeakthateveryonegotbored.6.用于省略用于省略if的虚拟条件状语从句的虚拟条件状语从句1）Were/Should/Had+主语+(not)其他成分=If+主语+were/had/should+(not)其他成分Werehemyfriend,Iwouldexpecthishelp.Shoulditraintomorrow,Ishouldstayindoors.Hadyounottoldmeaboutthematter,Ishouldneverhaveknownthewholething.2)Wereit

24、notfor/Haditnotbeenfor+名词=Ifitwerenotfor/hadntbeenfor+名词Wereitnotfortheirhelp,weshouldbeinserioustrouble.Haditnotbeenfortheirsupport,wecouldnthavewontheelection.7.用于让步状语从句和原因状语从句用于让步状语从句和原因状语从句在让步状语从句或原因状语从句中用倒装形式，其句型是：形容词/名词（不加冠词）/分词/动词/副词+as/though+主语+系动词/情态动词/助动词/谓语动词如：Strangethoughitmayseem,thet

25、allestboyistheyoungest.（形容词，表让步）=Althoughitmayseemstrange,thetallestboyistheyoungest.Tiredthathewas,hewenttobedearly.（形容词，表原因）=Becausehewastired,hewenttobedearly.Womanassheis,sheiscourageous.（名词，表让步）=Althoughsheisawoman,sheiscourageous.Cowardashewas,heranawayassoonastheenemyattacked.（分词，表让步）=Because

26、hewasacoward,heranawayassoonastheenemyattacked.Surroundedashewasbytheenemy,hewasnotafraid.（分词，表让步）=Althoughhewassurroundedbytheenemy,hewasnotafraid.Absorbedashewasinthebook,hedidnotnoticemyenteringtheroom.（分词，表原因）=Becausehewasabsorbedinthebook,hedidnotnoticemyenteringtheroom.Tryashewould,hemightfail

27、again.（动词）=Althoughhewouldtry,hemightfailagain.Hardashestudies,hecannotpasstheexam.（副词）=Althoughhestudieshard,hecannotpasstheexam.MuchasIlikeyou,Iwillnotmarryyou.（副词）注意：通常用as或though引导表让步的状语从句。通常用as或that引导表原因的状语从句。从句中的主语较长，也可用全部倒装。如：Difficultaswasthechemistryhomework,itwasfinishedintime.若从句的表语是名词，其名词

28、前不加冠词。如：Childashewas,hehastomakeliving.8.用于用于as和和than引导的状语从句引导的状语从句在as引导的方式状语从句和than引导的比较状语从句中，如果as和than从句的主语较长或带有长的修饰语时，可用倒装形式。Hetravelledagreatdealasdidmostofhisfriends.Harryisunusuallytall,asarehisbrothers.Ispendlessthandonineoutoftenpeopleinmyposition.9.用于用于thethe 的结构主句中的结构主句中在表达“越越”时，通常用thethe这

29、一结构，若此结构中主句的主语太长，也可用倒装句型。如：Themoregrainweproduce,thegreaterwillbeourachievement.Thegreaterthenumberofmoleculespresentinthevapor,thelargerwillbethenumberwhichreturnstotheliquid.蒸汽里的分子数愈大，回到液体内的分子数愈大。10.宾语置于句首的倒装宾语置于句首的倒装Thistheydopartlyforornament（装饰）andpartlytokeepthefliesoff.Whatwillbecomeofhim,ono

30、necantell.11.宾语补足语提前的倒装宾语补足语提前的倒装宾语补足语是说明宾语的，通常接在宾语后面。宾语较长时，也可将宾语补足语提前。但宾语时人称代词时则不能倒置。如：Webrokethedooropen.Webrokeopenthedoor.Webrokeitopen.Webrokeopenit.（错误）Hemadeclearhisstrongobjectiontotheproposals.Heconsidersimpossiblewhatisreallypossible.Theysawrepairingthemachinetwoworkerswhodesignedit.12.主语修

31、饰语后置的倒装主语修饰语后置的倒装为使主语和动词接近，把主语的修饰语移至动词之后。如：ThetimehadcometodecoratethehouseforChristmas.Heisafoolwhocannotbeangry,butheisawisemanwhowillnot.13.用于几个特殊结构的让步状语从句中，意为用于几个特殊结构的让步状语从句中，意为“无论无论”。1）“Be+主语+everso形容词”意为“无论怎样”Beamaneversoclever,heknowsnothingifhedoesntlearn.无论一个人有多聪明，不学习就什么都不知道。Beiteversohumbl

32、e,thereisnoplacelikehome.家境虽然颇贫寒，天涯无处胜家园。2）“Be+主语+AorB”意为“无论是A或B”Behefriendorenemy,thelawregardshimasacriminal.无论他是敌是友，法律认为他是罪犯。Allmagnetsbehavethesame,betheysmallorlarge.所有磁铁，无论大小，作用相同。3）“动词+wh-词+will/may”意为“无论”Comewhatmay,wemustremaincheerful.无论发生什么事，我们必须保持愉快的心情。Gowhereyouwill,youcannotsucceedwith

33、outperseverance.无论在何处，没有坚忍不拔的意志都不会成功。14.宾语从句为直接引语的句子位于句首时如果直接引语后注明引语是什么人说的，而且主语是名词时，用倒装结构；主语是代词时，一般不用倒装。如：“Letsgo,”saidtheman/hesaid.15.用于某些表示祝愿的句子用于某些表示祝愿的句子Mayyousucceed!祝你成功1.Seldom_anymistakesduringmypastfewyearsofworkinghere.A.wouldImakeB.didImakeC.IdidmakeD.shallImakeB.由否定词never,not,hardly,lit

34、tle,seldom,rarely,nowhere和否定意义的短语innoway,innocase,atnotime,bynomeans等引起的句子，常用倒装语序。2.Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver,_howseriousthepollutionwas.A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealizedC.thevillagersdidrealizeD.didntthevillagersrealizeA.notuntil引导状语从句位于句首时，主句要倒装。3.DoyouknowJimquarrelwithhisbrot

35、her?Idontknow,_.A.nordontIcareB.nordoIcareC.IdontcareneitherD.IdontcarealsoB.本题考查neither或nor连接句子时语序的倒装。4._gotintotheroom,_thetelephonerang.A.Hehardly;thenB.Hardlyhadhe;whenC.Hehadnot;thanD.Nothadhe;whenB.hardly.when和nosooner.than是两个固定句型，前半部分置于句首，其后分句要倒装。5.Onlyinthisway_doitwell.A.mustweB.wecouldC.ca

36、nweD.wecan6.Onlywhenyouhavefinishedyourhomework_gohome.A.canyouB.wouldyouC.youwillD.youcanC.only引导的介词短语或从句位于句首修饰状语时，句子谓语要部分倒装。A.only修饰句子的状语，位于句首，要部分倒装。若only修饰的状语从句不倒装，则主句要倒装。7.Manyatime_megoodadvice.A.hegaveB.doeshegiveC.hehasgivenD.hashegivenD.many修饰名词并位于句首时，句子要倒装。8._Ihadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthat

37、lakeagain.A.IfB.UnlessC.HadD.WhenC.虚拟语气的倒装形式。9.There_.A.cometheyB.theycomeC.theyarecomeD.theywillcome10._thathecouldnotspeakforalongtime.A.SofrightenedwasheB.SofrightenedhewasC.WashesofrightenedD.FrightenedwasheB.there放于句首，主语是代词时，主语和谓语的位置不变，仍保留陈述句式。A。so+形容词用全倒装。11.Autumncoming,down_.A.dotheleavesfal

38、lB.theleaveswillfallC.falltheleavesD.willtheleavesfallC.表示方向和方位的副词用在句首时，用全部倒装。12.Now_Wangsturntokeepguard.A.thereisB.isgoingC.hascomeD.comesD.now,then等副词用在句首，且谓语动词是come,go等时，句子用全部倒装。13.Reachingtheendoftheswimmingpool,back_.A.swamheB.didtheboyswimC.theboyswamD.heswamD.back是表示方向和方位的副词，用全部倒装，但当主语是人称代词时

39、则不倒装。14._readingandspeakingEnglisheveryday,hewouldspeakitwellenoughnow.A.HadhepracticedB.DidhepracticeC.ShouldhepracticeD.WerehetopracticeA.这是虚拟语气的倒装形式，从句用过去完成时。15._,sheisquiteexperiencedinthework.A.AssheisyoungB.AsyoungsheisC.YoungassheisD.YoungasissheC.这是让步状语从句的倒装形式，相当于Althoughshewasyoung。16._,Iwo

40、ntchangemymind.A.WhatyouwillsayB.WillyousaywhatC.SaywhatyouwillD.WhatwillyousayC.这是让步状语从句的倒装形式，相当于nomatterwhatyousay。17.Hehasfinishedhishomework,and_.A.soIhaveB.sohaveIC.IdosoD.sodoIB.so在句首的倒装形式表示“也一样”，用于肯定句。18.Notonly_thismachine,but_it.A.canherun;canherepairB.canherun;hecanrepairC.hecanrun;hecanre

41、pairD.hecanrun;canherepairB.notonly用在句首时，要用部分倒装形式；butalso后面不倒装。19._school_itbeganpouring.A.Assoonaswereached;thenB.Assoonaswehadreached;thenC.Nosoonerdidwereach;thanD.Wehadnosoonerreached;thanD.nosoonerthan要和过去完成时搭配，不用在句首时，句子不倒装。20.Awhaleisamammal,anditbreathesthroughitslungs.Soonceinawhile_tothetop

42、ofthewaterforair.A.comesitB.mustcomeitC.mustitcomeD.haveittocomeC.onceinawhile是表示频率的副词，用在句首时，用部分倒装。21.Sotired_afterawholedaysheavyworkthatI_standonmyfeet.A.wasI;couldhardlyB.wasIfelt;couldhardlyC.wasI;couldnthardlyD.Iwas;hardlycouldntA.sothat句型用在句首时，用部分倒装。22.Whichsentenceisright?A.Mayyousucceed!B.Youmaysucceed!C.Succeedmayyou!D.Succeedyoumay!A.may用在句首，倒装句表示祝愿。