一轮复习北师大版高中英语单元梳理：必修三 Unit9 Wheels 课件.ppt

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1、Unit9WheelsStep1诵读经典渗透文化意识.细品味经典文章(2019全国卷)Bacteriaareanannoyingproblemforastronauts.Themicroorganisms(微生物)fromourbodiesgrowuncontrollablyonsurfacesoftheInternationalSpaceStation,soastronautsspendhourscleaningthemupeachweek.HowisNASAovercomingthisverytinybigproblem?Itsturningtoabunchofhighschoolkids

2、.Butnotjustanykids.ItisdependingonNASAHUNCHhighschoolclassrooms,liketheonescienceteachersGeneGordonandDonnaHimmelbergleadatFairportHighSchoolinFairport,NewYork.HUNCHisdesignedtoconnecthighschoolclassroomswithNASAengineers.Forthepasttwoyears,Gordonsstudentshavebeenstudyingwaystokillbacteriainzerograv

3、ity,andtheythinktheyreclosetoasolution(解决方案).“Wedontgivethe students any breaks.They have to do it just like NASA engineers,”saysFlorenceGold,aprojectmanager.“Therearenotests,”Gordonsays.“Thereisnogradedhomework.Therealmostarenogrades,otherthanAreyouworkingtowardsyourgoal?Basically,itsIvegottoproduc

4、ethisproductandthen,attheendoftheyear,presentittoNASA.Engineerscomeandreallydoanin-personreview,and.itsnotaverynicethingattimes.Itsahardbusinessreviewofyourproduct.”GordonsaystheHUNCHprogramhasanimpact(影响)oncollegeadmissionsandpracticallifeskills.“ThesekidsaresoabsorbedintheirstudiesthatIjustsitback

5、.Idontteach.”Andthatannoyingbacteria?Gordonsayshisstudentsareemailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem,readying a workablesolutiontotestinspace.按要求完成任务1.写出文章中与科技相关的单词和短语。_bacteria,microorganism,InternationalSpaceStation,astronaut,engineer,zerogravity2.写出文章中的优美句式(1)_(2)_(3)_HUNCHisdesigned

6、toconnecthighschoolclassroomswithNASAengineers.GordonsaystheHUNCHprogramhasanimpactoncollegeadmissionsandpracticallifeskills.GordonsayshisstudentsareemailingdailywithNASAengineersabouttheproblem,readyingaworkablesolutiontotestinspace.Step2固本强基锻造语言能力.重点词汇1.benefitvi.&n.得益,好处;有益于【典型例句】Developing a goo

7、d habit is also of importance.It really benefited me a lot topreviewlessons,getactivelyinvolvedinclass,andreviewwhathadbeentaughtafterclass.养成一个好习惯也很重要。预习课程,积极参与课堂活动,课后复习所学知识,让我受益匪浅。【词块必记】(1)benefitsb.使某人受益benefitfrom/by从中受益(2)beof(great)benefitto.对(大)有裨益forthebenefitof.为了的利益(3)beneficialadj.有益的;有好处

8、的bebeneficialtosb.对某人有益【语境速测】单句语法填空Takingexerciseregularlywillbe_(benefit)toyourhealth.Asisknowntousall,booksarethesourceofknowledge,_whichwecanbenefitalot.IfIamluckyenoughtobeelectedasthedirectorofcommunity,Iwillmakeeveryefforttoserve_thebenefitofresidentsandourcommunity.beneficialfromfor语段填词Asweal

9、lknow,freshairis_toourhealthandthenewpark_usall,soweshouldkeepitclean.众所周知,新鲜的空气有益于我们的健康,新的公园对我们大家都有好处,所以我们应该保持它的清洁。beneficialbenefits【知识拓展】多多“有好处”benefitbebeneficialtobeofbenefittobegoodfordogoodto2.convenientadj.方便的,便利的【典型例句】MayIcomeandtalkwithyouwheneveritsconvenient?在你方便时我能来和你谈谈吗?【词块必记】(1)itisco

10、nvenientforsb.todosth.某人方便做某事(2)conveniencen.方便,便利;便利的事物(或设施);方便的用具atonesconvenience在某人方便的时候forconvenience为了方便【误区释疑】convenient作表语时,不可用人作主语,而要用事物作主语或用it来充当形式主语,后接不定式的主动形式。【语境速测】单句语法填空Wehaveprovidedchargingplaceandrestingroom_theconvenienceofourcustomers.Wehopethatyouwillattendourbirthdaypartythistoni

11、ghtifitis_(convenience)foryou.Ifyouareinterestedinthepositionpostedthelocalpaper,pleasesendyourresume_yourearliestconvenience.forconvenientat语段填词Youcangoatyour_,butifitisnot_foryou,youcanremainforanothertwodays.Foryour_,Iwillleavesomefurnitureforyoutouse.(convenient)完成句子_bycreditcard.用信用卡付款非常方便。conv

12、enienceconvenientconvenienceItisveryconvenienttopay3.admitvt.承认,供认;准许入内;准许加入;接收入院【典型例句】Sheadmittedhavingdriventhecarwithoutinsurance.她供认驾驶了这辆没有保险的轿车。【词块必记】(1)admitdoingsth.承认做某事admitthat.承认admit.tobe/as.承认是Itisgenerallyadmittedthat.一致公认(2)admitsb./sth.into/to允许某人/某物进入beadmittedto被录取;被接纳(3)admissionn

13、.承认;允许进入;入场费,门票费【语境速测】单句语法填空Heisuniversallyadmitted_(be)oneofthefirstpoliticiansatpresent.Michiganwasadmitted_theUnitedStatesin1837,asthetwenty-sixthstate.句式转换Asaman,youshouldhavethecouragetoadmityourmistakes.Asaman,youshouldhavethecouragetoadmit_.Asaman,youshouldhavethecouragetoadmitthat_.tobetohav

14、ingmademistakesyouhavemademistakes4.occupyvt.居住;占用,使用;占领;使忙碌,使从事【典型例句】Sheoccupiedherselfwithroutineofficetasks.她忙于办公室的日常工作。【词块必记】(1)occupysb./oneselfwithsth./(in)doingsth.使某人忙于(做)某事(2)occupiedadj.有人使用(或居住)的;被占领的sb.beoccupiedwithsth./(in)doingsth.某人忙于(做)某事(3)occupationn.职业,工作【知识拓展】常用的表示“忙于做某事”的搭配还有:b

15、ebusywithsth./doingsth.beemployed(in)doingsth.beengagedinsth.【语境速测】单句语法填空IthinkIwaslookingforan_(occupy)whichwassuitableforme.Ihavebeenso_(occupy)withmyworkthatIhaventhadtimetoparticipateinsocialactivities.occupationoccupied一句多译课堂上学生们忙于记笔记。_=_完成句子ShereachedKarachionMondayevening,thejourney_.她在星期一晚上抵

16、达了卡拉奇,这段行程耗时3天9小时。Thestudentswereoccupiedintakingnotesinclass.Thestudentsoccupiedthemselvesintakingnotesinclass.havingoccupiedthreedaysandninehours5.damagevt.&n.损害,损失【典型例句】Environmentalistswillbeonthewatchfordamagetowildlife.环保主义者将会密切关注对野生动物造成的伤害。【词块必记】(1)damagesth.损害/损坏/破坏某物(2)do/causedamage(tosb./

17、sth.)(对某人/某物)造成损害sufferdamage遭受损失(3)damages(pl.)赔款;赔偿(金)【语境速测】单句语法填空Toomuchpackagingisdoingseriousdamage_theenvironment.Withoutoxygen,thebrain_(damage)quickly.完成句子Medicaldrugssometimes_(造成的伤害比治愈的要多).Hewarnedthat_theeconomy.他警告说该行动正在对经济造成破坏。toisdamagedcausemoredamagethantheycuretheactionwasdamaging.核

18、心短语6.workout锻炼身体,做运动;解决,解答;计算出【典型例句】Thingswillturnforthebetterifwecanworkoutsomeparticipationrulesforpeopletoobey.Therefore,Iholdapositiveattitudetowardsonlinevoting.如果我们能制订出一些让人们遵守的参与规则,事情会变得更好。因此,我对网上投票持积极的态度。【词块必记】workatsth.致力于/努力做某事workas担任;以身份而工作workon从事于;努力影响或说服;忙于【语境速测】写出黑体部分的含义Thelackofgravi

19、tymakesbonesmorefragileandmuscleslosestrength,soastronautsareencouragedtoworkoutforatleasttwohoursaday.()Inthat,youhavetoworkouttheexactcostofthetwo-coursemealyoucook.()SodifficultdidIfindittoworkouttheproblemthatIdecidedtoaskTomforadvice.()Theresearchcentreworkedoutanewplananddecidedtocarryitoutimm

20、ediately.()锻炼身体锻炼身体计算出计算出解决解决,解答解答制订出制订出7.relyon依赖,依靠;指望【典型例句】Thesedayswerelyheavilyoncomputerstoorganizeourwork.现在,我们在很大程度上依赖电脑来安排我们的工作。【词块必记】relyonsb.forsth.为了某物依赖某人relyonsb.todosth.指望某人做某事bereliedontodosth.被信赖做某事relyonitthat.相信;指望【误区释疑】在“relyonit+that从句”中,it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的that从句。【语境速测】单句语法填空Youca

21、ntjustrelyonyourparents_(lend)youthemoney.Ifweexpectpeopletogiveupthehabitofdriving,wemustgivethemanalternativetheycanrely_.lending/tolendon句式升级Youmayrelyonhiscomingontime.Youmayrelyonhim_.(用不定式改写)Youmay_hewillcomeontime.(用it作形式宾语改写)tocomeontimerelyonitthat.经典句式8.ItwasanAmericanmancalledHenryFordwho

22、createdthemotorcarasweknowittoday.是一位叫亨利福特的美国人创造了我们今天所知道的汽车。【典型例句】Infact,trafficrulesarepartoftherulesandregulationscloselyrelatedtopublicorder.Itisthepeoplewhoobeytherulesthatmatter.事实上,交通规则是与公共秩序密切相关的规章制度的一部分。重要的是要有遵守规则的人。【句型公式】(1)陈述句形式:Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who.(2)一般疑问句形式:Is/Wasit+被强调部分+that/who.?(

23、3)特殊疑问句形式:特殊疑问词+is/wasit+that/who.?(4)含有not.until.的句式:Itis/wasnotuntil.that.【语境速测】单句语法填空Itismymother_cooksdeliciousmealforuseveryday._wasbecausehewasillthathedidntattendthemeeting.Itwasnt_hegotseriouslyillthatheknewtheimportanceofhealth.完成句子Asaresult,_(那正是他的鼓励)ledtomysuccess.Itwas_(直到河里所有的鱼都死光了)they

24、realizedtheimportanceofenvironmentalprotection.whoItuntilitwashisencouragementthatnotuntilallthefishintheriverdiedoutthat【备选要点】1.consequencen.后果,结果【典型例句】Tobeginwith,thenameofthemovieisGrowingTogether,whichisaboutthedevelopmentofourbelovedschool;asaconsequence,itwillbenotonlymeaningfulbutalsointerest

25、ing.首先,电影的名字是一起成长,讲述的是关于我们心爱的学校的发展的故事;因此,它不仅有意义而且有趣。【词块必记】inconsequence/asaconsequence结果,因此take/suffertheconsequences承担后果,自食其果(2)consequentadj.随之发生的;作为结果的consequently=asaconsequence=asaresult因此,所以【语境速测】单句语法填空TheInternetincreasedoptionsformovielovers._(consequent),someviewersbegantoturnawayfromcinema

26、s.NowadaysmanyyoungpeopleareevenaddictedtotheInternet.In_(consequent),surfingtheInternetoccupiesmuchoftheirpricelesstime.Consequentlyconsequence【知识拓展】“由于,因为”方式多becauseofasaresultofinconsequenceofasaconsequenceofonaccountofthanksto2.arguevi.争辩,争吵vt.争辩;证明【典型例句】Werealwaysarguingwitheachotheraboutmoney.

27、我们总是为钱吵嘴。【词块必记】(1)arguewithsb.on/about/oversth.就某事与某人争论arguefor/against.赞成/反对arguesb.intodoingsth.说服某人做某事arguesb.outofdoingsth.说服某人不做某事arguethat.提出理由说明;主张(2)argumentn.争论,辩论;论据,论点haveanargumentwithsb.about/oversth.就某事和某人发生争论【构词法】argu(e)+-ment(名词后缀)argumentn.争论,争吵【语境速测】单句语法填空AsfarasIknow,theyargue_the

28、waytosolvetheproblem.WhenTomwentforthethirdoperation,heargued_hismother.完成句子他反对吸烟。He_.他争辩说吸烟有害健康。He_.forwitharguedagainstsmokingarguedthatsmokingwasharmfultohealth句式升级用非谓语动词连接句_.完成句子He_theproject.他提出理由说明他们需要更多的时间来完成该项目。Hearguedagainstsmoking,arguingthatsmokingwasharmfultohealtharguedthattheyneededmo

29、retimetofinish3.contentn.容纳的东西;内容;目录;容量adj.满足的;满意的vt.使满足【典型例句】Firehascausedseveredamagetothecontentsofthebuilding.火灾导致那栋大楼里的东西严重损毁。【词块必记】feel/becontentwith对满足/满意becontenttodosth.满足于做某事contentoneselfwith满足于【误区释疑】content作“容纳的东西,目录”讲时,常用复数形式;作“含量”讲时用单数。【巧学助记】【语境速测】写出黑体部分的含义Iwonderedwhetherhehadalreadyk

30、nownthecontentsofmytelegram.()BythetimeIcontentedmyselfwiththeconclusionthatheandIwerestrangers.()Somestudiesanalyzedthenutritionalcontentofthefoods,includingkeyvitamins,mineralsandfats.()内容内容使满足使满足含量含量完成句子_theshapeofyournose?Ifnot,theclimatemaybetoblame,notyourparents.你对你的鼻子形状满意吗?如果不满意的话,可能要归咎于气候而不

31、是你的父母。Areyoucontent/satisfied/pleasedwith4.appreciatevt.欣赏,鉴赏;感谢【典型例句】Iwouldappreciateitifyoupaidincash.假如你支付现金的话,我会不胜感激。【词块必记】(1)appreciatesth.欣赏某物;感谢某事appreciate(sb./sb.s)doingsth.感谢(某人)做某事Iwouldappreciateitif.如果我将不胜感激(2)appreciationn.欣赏;感激【误区释疑】appreciate表示“感激”时不用人作宾语,而以sth./doing作宾语;也可后接it+if从句。

32、【知识拓展】当某些及物动词由于语义的因素需要在其后接由if或when引导的状语从句时,习惯上要在状语从句前加一个it这类及物动词除appreciate外,还有enjoy,hate,love,like,dislike,prefer等。【语境速测】完成句子_(我将感激不尽)ifyoucouldgivemesuchanopportunitytoshowmytalent.I_(感谢你的努力)forthedevelopmentofcompany.Intime_andsubtletyofthislanguage.总有一天你会体会到这门语言的优美和微妙之处。Iwouldappreciateitappreci

33、ateyoureffortsyoullappreciatethebeauty语段填词Iwould_itifyouwillofferyourhandsinourprojectandtoshowour_,wewillinviteyou_theexhibitofourachievementsinthefuture.(appreciate)appreciateappreciationtoappreciate5.suitvt.适合;合(某人)心意【典型例句】Ifyouwanttogobybus,thatsuitsmefine.要是你想坐公共汽车走,那对我也合适。【词块必记】(1)suitonesneed

34、/suittheneedof满足的需求suitonestaste适合某人的口味suit.to.使适合于besuitedtosth.适合某事(2)suitableadj.适合的,适宜的besuitablefor.适合于besuitabletodosth.适合做某事【易混辨析】“适合”之辨suit指符合某人的口味,或衣服颜色、款式、质地等的相配或适合,穿起来协调、好看fit指大小、尺寸合身match指在大小、色彩、形状、性质方面搭配gowith与相配,协调(与match用法较相似)【语境速测】单句语法填空Itsenvironmentissuitable_thegrowthofmarinelife.

35、Theirancestorsmigratedalongtheriver,tryingtosearchfora_(suit)areatosettle.Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturally_(suit)tocommunicationsandtrade.forsuitablesuited句型转换Thiskindofaccommodationoffersanindependentlifestyleandsuitsthelong-staystudentsbetter.Thiskindofaccommodationof

36、fersanindependentlifestyleand_.ismoresuitableforthelong-staystudents【写作金句】OwingtoyourinterestinChineseculture,IrecommendthatyoushouldchoosethePekingUniversity,whoseChineseLiteraturemajorsuitsyou,whereyoucanbecompletelyimmersedinChinesecomprehensivehistoryandrichculture.鉴于你对中国文化的兴趣,我建议你应该选择北京大学,它的中国文

37、学专业适合你,在那儿你可以完全沉浸在中国的悠久的历史和丰富的文化中。6.addictedadj.沉溺于的;上瘾的【典型例句】Mychildrenarehopelesslyaddictedtotelevision.我的几个孩子都无可救药地成了电视迷。【词块必记】(1)be/become/getaddictedto对上瘾(2)addictiveadj.使人上瘾的(3)addictionn.上瘾,着迷,嗜好【知识拓展】以下动词短语中的to均为介词:leadto,lookforwardto,devote.to.,getdown to,stick to,object to,refer to,accust

38、om oneself to,get/be/become/used(accustomed)to。【语境速测】单句语法填空Weareaddictedto_(buy)newthingsontheInternet.Theycomefromdifferentplaces,buttheyallshareacommon_(addict)foodthatisnotjustspicy(辛辣的).语段填词Thelatestresearchsuggeststhatteenagerswhoare_tothe_Internetaremorelikelytosufferfromdepression.Tomakematte

39、rsworse,the_willbehardtogetridof.(addict)buyingaddictionaddictedaddictiveaddiction7.takeplace举行;发生【典型例句】ElectionswillnowtakeplaceonNovemberthetwenty-fifth.选举现定于11月25日举行。【词块必记】(1)taketheplaceof代替takeonesplace取代;就座(2)inthefirstplace起初;首先inplaceof代替intheplaceof在位置上inplace在正确位置;准备妥当outofplace位置不当;不得体【语境

40、速测】写出黑体部分的含义Theprocessestakeplacetostopourbrainsbecomingloadedwithmemories.()FirstlyIcollectedallthebooks,newspapersandotherthingsscatteredintheroomsandputtheminplace.()发生发生在正确位置在正确位置8.goup上升,升起;(从一处)到(另一处)【典型例句】Hebelievesfoodpriceswillgoupinthefuture.他认为食品价格将来会上涨。【词块必记】goaround/round到处走;流传,传开gothro

41、ugh检查;通过;经历gowith与相配;和一起gowithout没有也行goby时间逝去;过去goon持续goonsale出售goout外出【语境速测】写出黑体部分的含义IwentuptothemandaskedhowIcouldhelp.()Weplayedallourfreshstringintotheboyskitesandtheywentuphigherandhigher.()靠近靠近上升上升语段填词Astime_,wehaveto_somechangesandadapttothem.Nowyouneedtobuythetapesto_thetextbooktopracticeyou

42、rlistening.(go的短语)随着时间逝去,我们不得不经历一些变化并且适应它们。现在,你需要买一些与课本相配的磁带来练习你的听力。goesbygothroughgowith9.Thenew“whitebike”isnotactuallywhitebutisanunusualdesignwithbrightcolours.新的“白色自行车”不是真正的白色,而是设计独特,颜色鲜亮。【句型公式】(1)not.but.不是而是,表示取舍关系,常连接主语、表语和宾语。(2)not.but.连接两个主语时,其谓语动词应与but后的主语保持一致,即就近原则。(3)notonly.butalso.;ne

43、ither.nor.和either.or.也有此用法。【语境速测】完成句子Thechild_(不像他的父亲而像他的母亲).Theaimoftheshowis_(不是创造某个热点节目而是为了吸引更多的人来博物馆).doesntresemblehisfatherbuthismothernottocreateahitprogrambuttoattractmorepeopletomuseums10.PeoplehavebeenenjoyingthebenefitsofcyclinginAmsterdamforyears.在阿姆斯特丹,多年来人们一直在享受骑自行车的好处。【典型例句】Asastudent

44、,IhavebeenlearningMandarinformanyyears.作为一名学生,我多年来一直学习普通话。【句型公式】(1)现在完成进行时表示到现在为止一直进行的动作,这个动作可能仍在进行,也可能停止了。(2)现在完成进行时由“have/has+been+v.-ing”构成;否定形式“have/has+not+been+v.-ing”;疑问形式是将have/has提到主语前。【语境速测】单句语法填空Theteamhavebeen_(train)hardinpreparationforthebiggame.Mykidshavebeen_(annoy)meandthelaststraww

45、aswhenmycarbrokedown.Shepublishedherfirstshortstoryattheageoffifteen,andhascompletedalargenumberofworks,which_(translate)intofortylanguages.trainingannoyinghavebeentranslatedStep3强化检测提升学习能力.单句语法填空1.(2020全国卷)Racewalkingsharesmanyfitness_(benefit)withrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingto

46、fewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.2.(2020全国卷)Icouldseethem_(actual)walkingunderthesea.3.(2020全国卷)Higher-incomeparentstendedtohavechildrenplaywithpuzzlesmore_(frequent),andbothboysandgirlswhoplayedwithpuzzleshadbetterspatialskills.benefitsactuallyfrequently4.(2020全国卷)DesignerJenniferAnde

47、rson_(admit)ittookherawhiletocomearoundtotheopinionthatusingnutriafurforhercreationsismorallyacceptable.5.(2020全国卷)Thisisoften_(appreciate)sinceatahousewarmingthereisntalotoffoodserved.admitsappreciated.语法填空WewerewalkinginthestreettothenearInternetbaronaweekendwhenacarknockeddownTom.Weallstoodthere,

48、1._(frighten)andunmoved.Itwasobviousthatthecarcouldntpull2._immediately.Luckily,apasser-bygavehimfirstaidimmediately.AfterawhileTomcametohimselfslowly.Itwasthepasser-by3._savedTomslife.Wewereallgratefultohim.Afterwards,wehadtothinkaboutwhysuchabadaccidenthappenedtous.Ifwehadntgonetothebar,probablyit

49、wouldnthaveoccurred.frightenedupwhoI4._(admit)thattheInternetisofgreatbenefittous.Ontheonehand,itis5._(convenience)forustodomanythings.Wecan6._(appreciate)allkindsofprogramsontheInternet.Ontheotherhand,thereareamountsofusefulinformationontheInternetavailabletous.Butnowadayssomepeoplerely7._theIntern

50、ettoomuchandmanyyoungpeopleareeven8._(addict)toit.Inconsequence,surfingtheInternet9._(occupy)muchoftheirtime.Lastweekweheldameeting10._(argue)abouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftheInternet.Atlast,weworkedoutaplantocontrolthetimewewouldspendsurfingtheInternet.admitconvenientappreciateonaddictedoccup