一轮复习北师大版高中英语单元梳理：必修二 Unit4 Cyberspace 课件.ppt

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1、必修2Unit4CyberspaceStep1诵读经典渗透文化意识.细品味经典文章(2019全国卷)As data and identity theft becomes more and more common,the market isgrowing for biometric(生物测量)technologieslike fingerprint scansto keepothers out of private e-spaces.At present,these technologies are still expensive,though.ResearchersfromGeorgiaTec

2、hsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice(装置)thatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence(节奏)withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauserstypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses

3、.Thesepatterns are unique to each person.Thus,the keyboard can determine peoplesidentities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputeritsconnectedtoregardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.Italsodoesntrequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearentalreadyfamiliarwith.Everybodyusesake

4、yboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touch”fourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylow error rates.The researchers say that the keyboard sho

5、uld be prettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.按要求完成任务1.写出文章中与科技相关的单词和短语。_dataandidentitytheft,fingerprintscans,e-spaces,asmartkeyboard,type,password2.写出文章中的优美句式。_(1)Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeoplesidentities,a

6、ndbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputeritsconnectedtoregardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.(2)Italsodoesntrequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearentalreadyfamiliarwith.(3)Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylower

7、rorrates.Step2固本强基锻造语言能力.重点词汇1.focusvt.&vi.集中注意;(使聚焦)n.焦点,聚焦;(活动兴趣)中心,集中点【典型例句】Ifyoufocusyourattentiononyourstudy,Iamsureyouwillmakegreaterprogress.如果你专注于学习,我相信你会取得更大的进步。【词块必记】(1)focuson聚焦于;专注于focusoneseyeson凝视;注意focusonesattentionon集中注意力于focusonesmindon把心思集中到上(2)infocus焦距对准,清晰outoffocus焦距没对准,模糊【巧学助

8、记】集中注意力于focus【语境速测】单句语法填空Someparentsfocusmore_childrensacademicperformances,ignoringtheeducationofsurvivalskills.Withyourattentionfully_(focus)onthecellphone,perhaps,youwillfailtonoticethetrafficaroundyou.Thebook_(focus)onbigquestions:Whathassciencerevealedabouthumannature?onfocusedfocuses一句多译他当时正集中

9、精力阅读。_(focus)=_(fix)=_(absorb)=_(lose)=_(concentrate)Hewasfocusinghisattentiononreadingatthattime.Hewasfixinghisattentiononreadingatthattime.Hewasabsorbedinreadingatthattime.Hewaslostinreadingatthattime.Hewasconcentratinghisattentiononreadingatthattime.【知识拓展】表示“专心于”的同义词组还有:concentrateonfixonesattent

10、iononbelostinbeabsorbedinbeburiedinbedevotedto2.harmvt.&n.伤害,损害【典型例句】Litteringandscribblingdogreatharmtotheimageofourschool.乱丢垃圾,乱涂乱画严重损害了我们学校的形象。【词块必记】meannoharm=notmeananyharm无恶意Thereisnoharmindoingsth.做某事无害处(2)harmfuladj.有害的beharmfulto.对有害【巧学助记】【知识拓展】对比记忆派生短语abilityonesabilitytodoablebeabletodosu

11、ccessonessuccessinsuccessfulbesuccessfulin【语境速测】单句语法填空Foranotherthing,smokingdoesgreatharm_ourhealth,sothesecandiescanserveasanalternativeoradoctor.Ifyouwanttosolvetheprobleminthisway,thereisnoharmin_(call)her.tocalling同义句转换Soapsandotherwastescanharmwaterways,sobecarefulthatyourwashingwaterdoesntpol

12、lutethesea,lakesandrivers.Soapsandotherwastescan_waterways,sobecarefulthatyourwashingwaterdoesntpollutethesea,lakesandrivers.doharmto/beharmfulto/bebadfor【写作金句】Asthelegendtells,fireisprohibitedduringtheQingmingFestival,sopeoplecometojoinsomesportsactivitiestokeepwarmandavoidharmscausedbycolddishes.相

13、传清明节要禁火,为了取暖和防止寒食冷餐伤身,所以大家来参加一些体育活动。3.settlevt.&vi.安放;安居,定居;解决【典型例句】Besideswatchinglanterns,itisalsoadaytoappreciatethefullmoon,settlelanternriddles,watch art performances and eat tang yuan,dumpling balls made ofglutinousrice,usuallywithsweetfillings.除了看灯,它(元宵节)也是赏月、猜灯谜、看艺术表演、吃汤圆/元宵的好时候。汤圆是用糯米来做的,通常

14、包着甜馅。【词块必记】(1)settledown安下心来;定居下来;舒适地坐下settledowntosth.安下心来做某事;开始认真对待某事settlein/into安顿下来;逐渐适应(新环境、工作等)settleon决定,选定;停留,降落(2)settlementn.解决;定居地;协议reachasettlement达成协议(3)settledadj.不变的,稳定的;固定的(4)settlern.定居者【熟词生义】Isettledthebillformycoffeeandhistwoglassesofwine.(v.结账)【语境速测】单句语法填空Refugees_(settle)inBri

15、tainsufferfromanumberofproblems.Theydliketoseetheirdaughter_(settle)down,getmarriedandhavekids.Theysettleddown_aseriousdiscussionovercoffee.settlingsettleto完成句子They_(没有达成协议),becausetheydisagreedtoomuchwitheachother.Dontjustwasteyourprecioustime;_(坐下来读点书或者做点别的什么事).failedtoreachasettlementsettledownto

16、somereadingorsomething【写作金句】Ifyouwanttoimproveasubjectthatyouareweakin,youshouldsettledowntoit,andbepersistent.Youwillsucceedintime.如果你想提升你的弱科,那么你应该专心于这个学科,持之以恒。你终将会成功。4.viewn.景色,风景视野;观点意见vt.眺望;观察;观看;看作【典型例句】Theviewfromourwindowwasoneofbeautifulgreencountryside.从我们的窗口能看见一片美丽的绿色田园风光。【词块必记】(1)comeinto

17、view进入视野,出现在眼前inonesview=intheviewofsb.在某人看来inviewof鉴于,考虑到from.pointofview从观点来看haveagoodviewof清楚地看到,饱览(2)view.as把视为不一样的“风景”【语境速测】写出黑体部分的含义Unfortunately,justasItookoutmycamera,awomanapproachedfrombehind,andplantedherselfrightinfrontofmyview.()Ababywillcometoaccepttheideathatotherpeoplecanhavedifferen

18、tviewsanddesiresfromwhatheorshehas.()视野视野观点观点,见解见解完成句子_,ifyouwanttolearnEnglishwell,youneedtodomorelistening,speaking,readingandwriting.在我看来,如果你想学好英语,你需要多听、多说、多读、多写。Inmyview/Frommypointofview【文化金句】Chinese view of Cao Cao mainly comes from the Ming Dynasty novelist LuoGuanzhongsTheRomanceoftheThreeKi

19、ngdoms.中国人对曹操的评价主要源于明代小说家罗贯中所著的三国演义。5.affectvt.影响,起作用;感动,打动;(疾病)感染,侵袭【典型例句】Thetrafficissueisahardnuttocrack.Itnotonlyaffectsoureverydaylife,butmayalsothreatenpeopleslives.交通问题是一个很难解决的难题。它不仅影响我们的日常生活,还可能威胁人们的生命。【词块必记】(1)beaffectedwithahighfever发高烧affectsb.totears把某人感动得流泪begreatly/deeplyaffectedby被深深打

20、动(2)effectn.效果;影响haveaneffecton对产生影响【语境速测】单句语法填空Thefootballplayershavespentdozensofdaysinthemilitarycampwiththesoldiers,whichhasaneffect_them.Ifseriously_(affect),housesoftheordinarykindmightsuddenlycrumble,causinglossoflives.onaffected句式升级Theaudienceweredeeplyaffected,andtheywarmlyapplaudedforalong

21、time._,theaudiencewarmlyapplaudedforalongtime.(非谓语动词作状语)Theaudience,_,warmlyapplaudedforalongtime.(定语从句)Deeplyaffectedwhoweredeeplyaffected.核心短语6.getintouch取得联系【典型例句】Itriedtogetintouchwithhim,butunfortunately,Idonthavehisaddressandcantconnectwithhim.我试着和他联系,但不幸的是,我没有他的地址,无法和他联系。【词块必记】beintouch/conta

22、ct(with)与有联系beoutoftouch/contact(with)与没有联系stay/keepintouch/contact(with)与保持联系losetouch/contact(with)与失去联系【语境速测】单句语法填空Get_touch_mewithouthesitationifnecessary.Governmentministersareoftenbeingaccusedofbeingout_touchwithlife.完成句子They_eachothersincetheirgraduationfromcollege.大学毕业之后他们就失去联系了。inwithofhave

23、beenoutoftouchwith【写作金句】Thosewhoareinterestedinthejobpleasegetintouchwithusassoonaspossiblebytelephoneore-mail.对这份工作感兴趣的人,请用电话或者电子邮件尽快和我们取得联系。7.beupto做,从事于;多达,达到(数量/规格);胜任;直到为止;取决于,由决定;是的责任【典型例句】Uptotwentythousandstudentspaidbetweenfiveandsixthousanddollars.多达20000名学生支付了5000到6000美元。【词块必记】(1)uptosth.

24、做,忙于;多达;胜任;直到为止uptosb.某人决定,是某人的责任Itisuptosb.todosth.由某人决定做某事liveupto达到的标准;不辜负(2)Whatsup?怎么了?【语境速测】写出黑体部分的含义ImafraidTimjustisntuptothejob.()Uptosixhundredpeopleattendedthemeeting.()Shecontinuedtocareforherfatheruptothetimeofhisdeath.()胜任胜任多达多达直到直到【写作金句】However,ifyoudonthavesparetimeforthistrip,itisfi

25、ne.Itsjustuptoyou.不过,如果你没有时间去旅行,也没关系。这取决于你。8.beknownas被认为是【典型例句】ThediseaseismorecommonlyknownasMadCowDisease.这种疾病更通俗的名称是疯牛病。【词块必记】beknownfor因为而出名beknowntosb.为某人所熟知bewellknown出名asisknowntoall众所周知【语境速测】单句语法填空Itisknown_usthatChinaismakinggreatprogressinthedevelopmentofeconomy.TheWestLakeisknowntousall_

26、itsbeauty.tofor完成句子_(众所周知),highschoollifeisanimportantturningpointandhighschoolcampusisanimportantplacewherestudentsstudyandlive.Asisknowntoall/Asweallknow.经典句式9.ItisclearthatwearegoingtoseeahugegrowthinshoppingontheInternet.很明显,我们将会看到网上购物的大幅度增长。【典型例句】Itislikelythatbabiesarenotbornknowingthisbasicfa

27、ctoftheuniverse;noraretheyeverclearlytaughtit.婴儿出生时可能并不知道宇宙的这一基本事实;他们也没有清楚地学习过。【句型公式】(1)在“Itis+adj.+that从句(或动词不定式等)”结构中,it作形式主语代替后面that引导的主语从句(或动词不定式等)。(2)it代替从句作形式主语的常见句型有:Itis/was+adj.(clear,obvious,true,possible,necessary,natural,important.)+that.Itis/was+n.(apity,ashame,nowonder.)+that.Itis/was+

28、过去分词(said,reported,suggested,requested,ordered.)+that.Itseems/happened/appears/occurred/doesntmatter/makesnodifference+that.【语境速测】单句语法填空Therefore,_isimportantthatweshouldformgoodhabitswhenwestudy.Itisnatural_younggirlsatyouragehopetolookbeautiful.itthat一句多译很显然,对某些人来说,孩子的出生会使他们失去自由。_,tosome,thebirtho

29、fababywillbeattheexpenseoftheirfreedom.=_,tosome,thebirthofababywillbeattheexpenseoftheirfreedom.ItsobviousthatObviously【写作金句】Itisclearthatbicycleridingcanbringusmanybenefits,suchasrelievingpressureonthedowntowntransportation,makinglessnoiseandairpollutionandsoforth.很明显,骑自行车会为我们带来很多益处,比如,缓解城区交通压力,降低

30、噪音和空气污染等。【误区释疑】在以上句型中,如果从句内容只是简单地陈述事实,谓语动词用陈述语气;如果从句内容并不是陈述事实,而是表达某种强烈的情感(要求、建议、命令、责备、惋惜、吃惊等),谓语动词用虚拟语气,即“(should+)do”形式。10.Someexpertsseeourfutureinvirtualrealitytheuseofcomputerswithsoundsandpicturesthatmakeyoufeelasifyouareinarealsituation.有些专家看到了虚拟现实中我们的未来计算机通过声音和图像使你感到你仿佛置身于一个真实的情境中。【典型例句】Theho

31、useseemedmuted,hushedasifithadbeendeserted.房子里似乎悄然无声,安静得好像已经没人在住一样。【句型公式】(1)asif/though可以引导表语从句或方式状语从句。(2)如果asif/though引导的从句表示实现的可能性很小或与事实相反,则从句用虚拟语气:与现在的事实相反谓语动词使用过去式(be的过去式一律使用were)与过去的事实相反谓语动词使用过去完成式表示将来情况发生的可能性小谓语动词用“would/could/might+动词原形”(3)asif/though引导状语从句时,如果状语从句含有be动词,且其主语与主句主语一致,则可省略其中的主语

32、和be动词。【语境速测】单句语法填空ItwasPeterwhobrokethevase.WhyareyoutalkingasifI_(do)it?Thoughthelocalvillagerswerepoor,theyofferedtheirclothesandfoodasifI_(be)theirownfamily.haddonewere句型转换Theboywalkedaroundtheplaygroundagainandagainasifhewaslookingforsomething.Theboywalkedaroundtheplaygroundagainandagainasif_.Th

33、eyweretalkinginawhisperasiftheyweresayingsomethingsecret.Theyweretalkinginawhisperasif_.lookingforsomethingsayingsomethingsecret【写作金句】Theboycaughtcheatingyesterdayactedasifnothinghadhappened.昨天被发现作弊的那个男孩表现得好像什么也没发生过。【备选要点】1.likelyadj.有可能的adv.(与most,very连用)可能【典型例句】Ticketsarelikelytobeexpensive.入场券可能很

34、贵。【词块必记】(1)sb./sth.belikelytodosth.某人/某物可能做某事(2)Itslikelythat.是可能的(3)notlikely不可能【易混辨析】likely表示某事很可能发生,与probable意思相近,主语可以是人也可以是物。常用“Itislikelythat.”或“sb./sth.belikelytodosth.”possible可能性相对小,作表语时,主语不能是人。常用“Itispossibleforsb.todosth.”或“Itispossiblethat.”probable带有“很可能”的意味,语气比possible强,作表语时不能用人或不定式作主语。

35、常用“Itisprobablethat.”【巧学助记】不一样的可能【语境速测】单句语法填空Peoplewhoareaddictedtofastfoodaremorelikely_(suffer)fromvariouslife-threateningdiseases._islikelythatpersonalinformationcouldbeletoutandmoneystolen.tosufferIt完成句子People_(可能忘记他们自己的传统和文化)iftheyfocustoomuchonforeignfestivals.Physicallyactivechildren_.(更有可能成长

36、为积极健康的成年人)arelikelytoforgettheirowntraditionandculturearemorelikelytobecomeactiveandhealthyadults一句多译如果继续吸烟,你的身体健康会受到损害。You_sufferfrombadhealthifyoukeepsmoking.=_youwillsufferfrombadhealthifyoukeepsmoking.arelikelytoItislikelythat【写作金句】Whenteensusesocialmedia,theyarelikelytohavetroubleconcentratingo

37、ntheirschoolwork.当青少年使用社交媒体的时候,他们可能会难以集中注意力于学习。2.rejectvt.拒绝,不接收【典型例句】MostofmyclassmateswantedtogotoaparkwhileIhadanideaofgoingtoanicerplace.Imanagedtopersuademyclassmatesnottorejectmyidea.Wedidhaveagoodtimethatday.我的大多数同学想去公园,而我却想到了一个更好的地方。我设法说服同学们接受我的想法。那天我们确实玩得很开心。【易混辨析】reject语气比refuse强,后面通常只接名词或

38、代词,意为“摒弃,拒绝接受,不予考虑”refuse是普通用词,语气比decline强,指态度坚决、肯定无疑地拒绝。可用名词、代词或不定式作宾语decline指婉言谢绝有关社交活动的邀请或请求等【语境速测】单句语法填空Thereareplentyofwell-qualifiedcandidates,soitisnotwrong_(reject)someonewhomightdisappointmycustomers.John_(reject)byanumberofuniversitieswhenhereceivedane-mailfromtheUniversityofCalifornialast

39、month.torejecthadbeenrejected完成句子I_himthat_.我清楚地告诉他,我拒绝了他的建议。madeitcleartoIrejectedhisproposal【写作金句】Itisuptoyoutoacceptorrejecttheproposals.接受或是拒绝这些建议由你决定。3.fancyvt.(非正式)想要做;幻想n.幻想;喜好adj.花哨的【典型例句】Shemakesmostofherownclothes,copyinganyfashionwhichtakesherfancy.她大部分的衣服是模仿中意的时装自己做的。【词块必记】(1)haveafancyf

40、or/takeafancyto.喜欢havealivelyfancy有丰富的想象力(2)fancydoingsth.想象做某事,竟然做某事Ifancy.=Ibet/guess.我想fancyoneself(as)sth.自以为,自命为(3)fancyclothes/diving/freshfruits/prices新奇的服装/花式跳水/特级新鲜水果/高昂的价格【语境速测】单句语法填空Surelyasawomanshehassimplytakenafancy_theplace.Shefanciesherself_anotherMadonna.toas句式转换Asmiddleschoolstude

41、nts,weoftenimaginestudyinginourfavoriteuniversities.Asmiddleschoolstudents,weoften_inourfavoriteuniversities.fancystudying【写作金句】IwasinformedthatourschoolPing-pongTeamislookingfornewmembersamongusstudents.Iknowyoushowgreatfancyinballgames,especiallyping-pong.我听说我们学校的乒乓球队正在从我们学生中招新队员。我知道你很喜欢球类运动,尤其是乒乓

42、球。4.suggestionn.建议,提议【典型例句】LearningyourkeeninterestinChineseculture,IsuggestyouapplyforPekingUniversity,oneofthebestuniversitiesinChina.鉴于你对中国文化的浓厚兴趣,我建议你申请中国最好的大学之一北京大学。【词块必记】(1)make/offer/giveasuggestion建议,提议askforasuggestion征求建议(2)suggestvt.建议;暗示;表明suggestdoingsth.建议做某事suggest(that)sb./sth.(shoul

43、d)dosth.建议做【误区释疑】suggest表示“暗示,表明”时,其主语往往是事物,而不是人。这时suggest后的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。【语境速测】单句语法填空Thesmileonherfacesuggestedthatshe_(be)verysatisfiedwithwhatwehaddone.Hesuggested_(deal)withtheprobleminanotherway.wasdealing一句多译他建议我们步行去那里。_Hesuggestedthatwe(should)gothereonfoot.Hemadeasuggestionthatwe(should)gothere

44、onfoot.【写作金句】Isuggestyouaskhimsomespecificquestionsabouthispast.我建议你问问他有关他的过去的一些具体问题。5.averageadj.平均的,普通的,平常的n.平均数,一般水平,中等【典型例句】Onaverage,eachstudentreads5.34books,whichisdefinitelynotadequate.平均来说,每个学生读5.34本书,这肯定是不够的。【词块必记】on(the)average平均而言;一般来说above/below(the)average高于/低于平均水平anaverageof.平均数为uptot

45、heaverage达到一般水平【语境速测】单句语法填空_averageeachreportrequires1,000hourstoprepare.Ittakes_averageoftenweeksforahousesaletobecompleted.Onan语段填空Theaverageworkinghoursformostteachersareover10hoursadayinmostareas._,theirsalaryis_.Mostofthemhave_5,000yuanamonth.很多地区的大多数老师平均每天的工作时间超过了10个小时。一般来说,他们的收入高于平均水平。他们中的大多数

46、平均每月有5000元。OnaverageabovetheaverageanaverageofStep3强化检测提升学习能力.单句语法填空1.(2020全国卷)Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemost_(like)contributingtofewerinjuries.2.(2020全国卷)Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontotheirleavestoshowwhentheyreshortofwaterandaplantthatcandetec

47、t_(harm)chemicalsingroundwater.likelyharmful3.(2020全国卷)Itsthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchan_(attract)activity,however,saysJaclynNorberg,anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass.4.(2020全国卷)_(office)reportssuggestthatthenumberofhouseholdswiththreegenerationslivin

48、gtogetherhadrisenfrom325,000in2001to419,000in2013.attractiveOfficial5.(2020全国卷)AswetravelsouthfromMadridwithProf.RonaldMessiertohistoricToledo,RomanMeridaandintoAndalucia,weexplore_(history)monumentsandarchitecture.historical.语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点,请按要求补全短文,并背诵体会黑体部分用法。Oneday,Tom1._(get)i

49、ntouchwithoneofhisgoodfriendsLinda.She2._(know)asawriterand3._(settle)inthesuburbs.Nowadays,sheisfocusingherattentionon4._(write)anewnovelaboutcyberspace,whichconsists5._sixsections.TomtoldLindathathewouldtake6._hisfatherscompanysoon.Whatsmore,hewouldtakeimmediateaction7._(realize)hisdream.8._isclea

50、rthatheisgoingtomakethebusinessbiggerandstronger.gotisknownhassettledwritingovertorealizeItofHisfathertoldhimifhekeptthebusiness9._(run)smoothly,hewouldtravelabroadasifhisgrandfatherhaddoneso.IntheviewofLinda,Tomshouldhang10._untilhesucceeds.runningon.短文改错(2020全国卷)TodayItriedcookingasimplydishmyself